Purification and Characterization of the Aetiological Agent of Hydropericardium Hepatitis Syndrome from Infected Liver Tissues of Broiler Chickens     

Ganesh K  Raghavan R  Gowda RN  Satyanarayana ML  Suryanarayana VV 《Tropical animal health and production》2002,34(1):7-17

Hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome in broiler chickens is an acute, infectious disease characterized by high mortality, excess pericardial fluid and multifocal hepatic necrosis. The aetiological agent was purified to homogeneity from infected liver tissues from field outbreaks. Electron-microscopic and serological confirmation of the virus were undertaken and the disease was reproduced experimentally in broiler chicks. The results indicated that an adenovirus, fowl adenovirus serotype 4, was alone responsible for the disease in the materials studied.  相似文献   

Genetic analysis of tropical maize inbred lines for resistance to maize lethal necrosis disease     

Yoseph Beyene  Manje Gowda  L. M. Suresh  Stephen Mugo  Michael Olsen  Sylvester O. Oikeh  Collins Juma  Amsal Tarekegne  Boddupalli M. Prasanna 《Euphytica》2017,213(9):224

Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) disease is a recent outbreak in eastern Africa and has emerged as a significant threat to maize production in the region. The disease is caused by the co-infection of Maize chlorotic mottle virus and any member of potyviridae family. A total of 28 maize inbred lines with varying levels of tolerance to MLN were crossed in a half-diallel mating design, and the resulting 340 F₁ crosses and four commercial checks were evaluated under MLN artificial inoculation at Naivasha, Kenya in 2015 and 2016 using an alpha lattice design with two replications. The objectives of the study were to (i) investigate the magnitude of general combining ability variance (σ _GCA ² ) and specific combining ability variance (σ _SCA ² ) and their interaction with years; (ii) evaluate the efficiencies of GCA based prediction and hybrid performance by means of a cross-validation procedure; (iii) estimate trait correlations in the hybrids; and (iv) identify the MLN tolerant single cross hybrids to be used as female parents for three-way cross hybrids. Results of the combined analysis of variance revealed that both GCA and SCA effects were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits except for ear rot. For MLN scores at early and late stages, GCA effects were 2.5–3.5 times higher than SCA effects indicating that additive gene action is more important than non-additive gene action. The GCA based prediction efficiency for MLN resistance and grain yield accounted for 67–90% of the variations in the hybrid performance suggesting that GCA-based prediction can be proposed to predict MLN resistance and grain yield prior to field evaluation. Three parents, CKDHL120918, CML550, and CKLTI0227 with significant GCA effects for GY (0.61–1.21; P < 0.05) were the most resistant to MLN. Hybrids “CKLTI0227 × CML550”, “CKDHL120918 × CKLTI0138”, and “CKDHL120918 × CKLTI0136” ranked among the best performing hybrids with grain yield of 6.0–6.6 t/ha compared with mean yield of commercial check hybrids (0.6 t/ha). The MLN tolerant inbred lines and single cross hybrids identified in this study could be used to improve MLN tolerance in both public and private sector maize breeding programs in eastern Africa.  相似文献   

Characteristics of persons convicted for offences relating to animal hoarding in New South Wales     

M Joffe  D O'Shannessy  NK Dhand  M Westman  A Fawcett 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(10):369-375

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Evaluation of Groundnut Genotypes for Tolerance to Phosphorus Deficiency     

Amit Kumar  Avinash Pandey  M. V.C. Gowda 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(5):687-699

Phosphorous (P) is one of the most deficient nutrients owing to its fixation and low mobility in acid soils. A total of 324 genotypes were screened in both P sufficient and insufficient conditions to evaluate the P uptake efficiency. Thirty-four responsive genotypes were evaluated in solution culture with two checks, ICGV 86590 and JL 24. The components of variability revealed high magnitude and highly heritable nature of the variation. Highly responsive genotypes to P insufficiency; ICG 14475, ICGV 92188, and M 68 were further tested for phosphorus uptake efficiency at 15, 30, and 45 days after sowing (DAS) along with checks in sand culture in pots. ICG 14475, ICGV 92188, and ICGV 86590 were found superior in both acquisition and utilization of phosphorus due to enhanced root production for P exploration and shoot expansion, respectively. JL 24 was poor in acquisition due to lack of response in root traits under P insufficiency.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of Resistance to Tobacco Cutworm (Spodoptera litura F.) and their Implications to Screening for Resistance in Groundnut     

M. N. Rajendra Prasad  M. V. C. Gowda 《Euphytica》2006,149(3):387-399

Summary The Tobacco cut worm (Spodoptera litura Fab.), a polyphagous defoliating insect is a major pest on groundnut in Asia. Screening germplasm for resistance to Spodoptera litura in the field under high infestation revealed significant genotypic variation. Low damage was observed on Mutant (28-2), NC Ac 343, ICGV 86031, R 9227 and TAG 24. In the laboratory rearing of insect, the resistant genotypes, NC Ac 343, Mutant 28-2 and R 9227 affected larval growth and survival, pupal development, adult emergence and fecundity indicating antibiosis as the principal mechanism of resistance. The reduction in larval weight reared on ICGV 86031 could be due to the toughness of leaves. Though the genotype TAG 24 suffered low damage in the field, the larval and pupal development was normal in the laboratory revealing avoidance/non-preference as the mechanism of resistance. Based on the insight gained from the growth and development of the insect on resistant genotypes, the gain in weight (GIW) of the pre-starved larvae was assessed for its suitability in rapid screening. GIW in 24 h by III instar larvae fed with fully expanded II leaf was found suitable in screening for resistance based on antibiosis. The method could be adopted for screening large breeding populations in a short time under laboratory conditions. The resistant genotypes with different mechanisms of resistance could be hybridized to pool the resistant genes for enhancing the level and effectiveness of resistance in the management of the pest.  相似文献   

Two major genes for seed size in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)     

Hari D. Upadhyaya  Shiv Kumar  C. L. L. Gowda  Sube Singh 《Euphytica》2006,147(3):311-315

Summary Seed size as determined by seed weight, is an important trait for trade and component of yield and adaptation in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Inheritance of seed size in chickpea was studied in a cross between ICC11255, a normal seed size parent (average 120 mg seed⁻¹) and ICC 5002, a small seed size parent (average 50 mg seed⁻¹). Seed weight observations on individual plants of parents, F₁, F₂, and backcross generations, along with reciprocal cross generations revealed that the normal seed size was dominant over small seed size. No maternal effect was detected for seed size. The numbers of individuals with normal, small and medium (average 150 mg seed⁻¹) seed sizes in F ₂ population were 1237, 323 and 111 fitting well to the expected ratio of 12:3:1 (χ² = 0.923, P = 0.630). The segregation data of backcross generations also indicated that seed size in chickpea was controlled by two genes with dominance epistasis. We designate the genotype of ICC 11255 as Sd ₁ Sd ₁ sd ₂ sd ₂, and ICC 5002 as sd ₁ sd ₁Sd₂ Sd ₂ wherein Sd ₁ is epistatic to Sd ₂ and sd ₂ alleles.  相似文献   

Allelic relationships of flowering time genes in chickpea     

Pooran M. Gaur  Srinivasan Samineni  Shailesh Tripathi  Rajeev K. Varshney  C. L. Laxmipathi Gowda 《Euphytica》2015,203(2):295-308

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Validation of markers linked to late leaf spot and rust resistance,and selection of superior genotypes among diverse recombinant inbred lines and backcross lines in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)     

M. Sukruth  S. A. Paratwagh  V. Sujay  V. Kumari  M. V. C. Gowda  H. L. Nadaf  B. N. Motagi  S. Lingaraju  M. K. Pandey  R. K. Varshney  R. S. Bhat 《Euphytica》2015,204(2):343-351

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Molecular mapping of a novel blast resistance gene Pi38 in rice using SSLP and AFLP markers   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M. Gowda    S. Roy-Barman    B. B. Chattoo 《Plant Breeding》2006,125(6):596-599

Blast, caused by Magnaporthe grisea, is the most devastating disease of rice worldwide. In this study, the main objective was to identify and map a new gene for blast resistance, in an indica rice cultivar ‘Tadukan’ against blast fungal isolate B157, using molecular tools. F₂ segregating population was derived from ‘CO39’ (susceptible) and ‘Tadukan’ (resistant), and molecular mapping of the blast resistance gene was carried out using simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) methods. Two SSLP markers, RM206 and RM21 and three AFLP markers (AF1: E‐aca/M‐ctt; AF2: E‐aca/M‐cat and AF3: E‐acc/M‐cac2) were identified to be linked to the resistance gene. The co‐segregation analysis using SSLP markers implied that the blast resistance gene designated Pi38 resides on rice chromosome 11.  相似文献   

Development of Core Collection in Pigeonpea [<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cajanus cajan</Emphasis> (L.) Millspaugh] using Geographic and Qualitative Morphological Descriptors     

L.?J.?Reddy  Hari?D.?UpadhyayaEmail author  C.?L.?L.?Gowda  Sube?Singh 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2005,52(8):1049-1056

Pigeonpea is an important pulse crop grown by smallholder farmers in the semi-arid tropics. Most of the pigeonpea cultivars grown to date are selections from the landraces, with a narrow genetic base. With the expansion of the crop to newer areas, problems of local importance are to be addressed. Hence, an economically feasible and faster germplasm evaluation mechanism, such as a core collection, is required. This article describes the development of core collection from 12,153 pigeonpea accessions collected from 56 countries and maintained at ICRISAT, Patancheru, India. The germplasm accessions from 56 countries were placed under 14 clusters based primarily on geographic origin. Data on 14 qualitative morphological traits were used for cluster formation by Ward’s method. From each cluster ≈10% accessions were randomly selected to constitute a core collection comprising 1290 accessions. Mean comparisons using Newman–Keuls test, variances’ comparisons by Levene’s test, and comparison of frequency distribution by χ²-test indicated that the core collection was similar to that of the entire collection for various traits and the genetic variability available in the entire collection is preserved in the core collection. The Shannon–Weaver diversity index for different traits was also similar for both entire and core collection. All the important phenotypic associations between different traits available in the entire collection were preserved in the core collection. The core collection constituted in the present study facilitates identification of useful traits economically and expeditiously for use in pigeonpea improvement.  相似文献