Serum creatinine concentrations in retired racing Greyhounds   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Feeman WE  Couto CG  Gray TL 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2003,32(1):40-42

Background: Greyhounds frequently have laboratory values that are outside reference intervals established for dogs. Our recognition of increased serum creatinine concentrations in several Greyhounds posed a problem when evaluating a Greyhound with suspected renal disease.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare serum creatinine concentrations between Greyhound and non-Greyhound dogs.
Methods: Thirty retired racing Greyhounds and 30 age-and gender-matched control non-Greyhound dogs were evaluated. Serum creatinine concentrations in both groups were measured using a standard biochemical method and compared statistically using a Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: Creatinine concentration was significantly higher in the Greyhounds ( P < .01) than in the control group.
Conclusion: Greyhounds have a higher serum creatinine concentration than do non-Greyhound dogs. This idiosyncrasy should be taken into account when evaluating healthy Greyhounds and those with suspected renal disease.  相似文献   

Enhancing immunity to nematode parasites in single-bearing Merino ewes through nutrition and genetic selection     

Kahn LP  Knox MR  Gray GD  Lea JM  Walkden-Brown SW 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,112(3):211-225

The effectiveness of protein supplementation and genetic selection to enhance the resistance of periparturient Merino ewes to infection from gastrointestinal parasites was tested in a replicated grazing experiment. One hundred and twenty ewes from lines selected for increased resistance (R) to Haemonchus contortus or at random (C) were subjected to one of the three supplement groups that provided 0 or 250 g per day cottonseed meal for 5 weeks prior to, or for 6 weeks after the start of lambing. Faecal egg counts (FEC) of R ewes were consistently lower than those of C ewes but both groups exhibited a periparturient rise in FEC. Supplementation during the pre-partum period reduced FEC and increased ewe body weight gain. The benefits of pre-partum supplementation in reducing FEC continued to be apparent up to 10 weeks after supplementation ceased. There was a strong suggestion that the benefits to parasite resistance from protein supplementation were greatest in C ewes. Wool growth rates (15%) and birth weights (5%) were greater for C ewes but differences between the lines for lamb body weight had disappeared by day 97. The greatest benefit to resistance from protein supplementation was observed when ewes were experiencing a loss of maternal body weight. Conversely, no benefits to resistance were observed when ewes had moderate (78-107 g per day) rates of maternal weight gain. These results suggest that increased resistance as a result of protein supplementation is dependent on the prevailing supply and demand for scarce nutrients such as metabolisable protein (MP). Both genetic selection and protein nutrition are effective strategies to enhance host resistance to nematode infection during the periparturient period.  相似文献   

A rapid and robust method of identifying transformed Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings following floral dip transformation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Samuel J Harrison  Ellie K Mott  Kate Parsley  Sue Aspinall  John C Gray  Amanda Cottage 《Plant methods》2006,2(1):19-7

Background  

The floral dip method of transformation by immersion of inflorescences in a suspension of Agrobacterium is the method of choice for Arabidopsis transformation. The presence of a marker, usually antibiotic- or herbicide-resistance, allows identification of transformed seedlings from untransformed seedlings. Seedling selection is a lengthy process which does not always lead to easily identifiable transformants. Selection for kanamycin-, phosphinothricin- and hygromycin B-resistance commonly takes 7–10 d and high seedling density and fungal contamination may result in failure to recover transformants.  相似文献   

Generation and activity of equine osteoclasts in vitro: effects of the bisphosphonate pamidronate (APD)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gray AW  Davies ME  Jeffcott LB 《Research in veterinary science》2002,72(2):105-113

Equine osteoclast-like cells (OCLs) were generated from the bone marrow (BM) of two ponies and one horse in the presence of RANKL, the receptor activator of NF kappa B ligand and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). The phenotype of these cells was confirmed by demonstration of characteristics typical of osteoclasts (OCs) including: the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), the vitronectin receptor (VNR) and the calcitonin receptor (CTR), the demonstration of responsiveness to calcitonin (CT) and the ability to form resorption lacunae on ivory slices and calcium phosphate films. The bisphosphonate pamidronate (APD) dose-dependently inhibited resorption of calcium phosphate films by equine OCLs with an IC(50) of 5.8 x 10(-7) M in one horse. APD also dose-dependently inhibited the number of OCLs present in BM cultures after 7 days. However, this effect is most likely attributable to increased OCL death rather than decreased OCL formation. Paradoxically, ADP appeared to cause an early, transient, increase in OCL formation in BM cultures, however, this effect was reversed after 7 days. These preliminary in vitro data support the potential use of APD in clinical conditions characterised by increased bone turnover such as osteomyelitis, osteitis, septic osteoarthritis, navicular disease, cystic bone lesions and immobilisation-induced osteoporosis and provide useful information for future pharmacokinetic studies and clinical trials in vivo.  相似文献   

Serodiagnosis of infection withTrypanosoma evansi in camels in the Sudan     

A. G. Luckins  R. Boid  P. Rae  M. M. Mahmoud  K. H. el Malik  A. R. Gray 《Tropical animal health and production》1979,11(1):1-12

Summary Five diagnostic tests for infection withTrypanosoma evansi have been compared in groups of camels experimentally infected or exposed to natural infection in the Sudan. The correlation of positive results obtained by assays of IgM levels, the mercuric chloride test and the formol gel test with the presence of active infection was unsatisfactory, but there was a good correlation between results obtained using IFAT and ELISA and proven infection. Sera from a high proportion of apparently uninfected camels from endemic areas gave positive reactions with all 5 tests, possibly indicating inadequate parasitological diagnosis or persistence of antibody after unsatisfactory chemotherapy. It was concluded that serological tests using trypanosomal antigens to detect antibodies were more sensitive for diagnosis than indirect tests based on raised euglobulin levels. Serodiagnostic tests may therefore have a place in future programmes for surveillance and control ofT. evansi infections in camels.

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Serodiagnostico De La Infeccion PorTrypanosoma Evansi En Camellos En Sudan

Resumen Se compararon cinco pruebas diagnósticas para infecciones porTrypanosoma evansi en grupos de camellos infectados experimentalmente o expuestos a la infección natural. La correlación de los resultados positivos utilizando pruebas de difusión radial aisladas, le niveles de IgM, la prueba de cloruro de mercúrio, y la prueba de agar formol con la presencia de infección activa, fue insatisfactória. Hubo buena correlación entre los resultados obtenidos con IFAT y ELISA con infección comprobada. El suero de una proporción alta de camellos aparentemente sanos, provenientes de áreas endémicas, presentaron reacciones positivas con las cinco pruebas, indicando posiblemente un diagnóstico parasitológico inadecuado, o la persistencia de anticuerpos despues de una quimioterápia inadecuada. Se concluyó, que las pruebas serológicas usando antígenos preparados de tripanosomas para detectar anticuerpos, fueron más sensitovos que las pruebas indirectas basadas en el aumento de euglobulinas. Las pruebas serodiagnósticas posiblemente tendran un lugar en programas futuros de reconocimiento y control deT. evansi en camellos.

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Serodiagnostic De La Trypanosomose AT. Evansi Chez Le Chameau Du Soudan

Résumé Cinq méthodes de diagnostic de la trypanosomose àT. evansi chez le chameau ont été comparées en utilisant des chameaux expérimentalement et naturellement infectés, au Soudan. La corrélation des résultats positifs obtenus par utilisation de la diffusion radiale des Igm, par le test au chlorure mercurique et par le test de la formol gélification à l'occasion des infections en évolution, n'a pas été satisfaisante alors qu'il y a eu bonne corrélation entre les résultats obtenus par IFAT et ELISA et des infections véritables.Les sérums d'une importante proportion de chameaux apparemment non infectés, en provenance de régions à maladie endémique, ont donné des réactions positives aux cinq tests, ce qui peut indiquer soit une insuffisance dans le diagnostic parasitologique soit la persistance d'anticorps résultant d'une chimiothérapie insuffisánte.Les auteurs concluent que les tests sérologiques utilisant des trypanosomes comme antigènes pour mettre les anticorps en évidence sont plus sensibles, en matière de diagnostic, que les tests indirects basés sur la détection des niveaux des IgM. C'est pourquoi les tests faisant appel aux méthodes de sérodiagnostic doivent avoir leur place dans les programmes à venir concernant tant la surveillance que la lutte contre les infections du chameau àT. evansi.

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Parasitic gastroenteritis in Scottish cattle     

Mason C  Stevenson H  Mitchell G  Gray D 《The Veterinary record》2008,163(17):519-520

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Development and Utilization of Reflectance Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy to Locate Reaction Sites in Modified Starch Granules     

Jonathan A. Gray  James N. BeMiller 《Cereal Chemistry》2004,81(2):278-286

A new method of locating reaction sites within modified starch granules was developed and applied. The method involves converting anionic groups introduced into starch granules into their silver salt form, reducing the silver cations to silver atoms, and locating the silver atoms by means of reflectance confocal laser scanning microscopy. The method was tested on three types of starch (normal maize, waxy maize, potato) containing two types of derivatizing groups (mono‐ and distarch phosphate ester groups and the 2‐hydroxy‐3‐sulfonylpropyl ether group). The method also revealed anionic sites in native granules, presumably due to proteins, ionic lipids, or native phosphate ester groups.  相似文献   

Trypanosomiasis due toTrypanosoma evansi (steel, 1885) balbiani, 1888. a review of recent research     

M. M. Mahmoud  A. R. Gray 《Tropical animal health and production》1980,12(1):35-47

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Intestinal lesions in specific-pathogen-free lambs associated with a cryptosporidium from calves with diarrhea   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

K W Angus  S Tzipori  E W Gray 《Veterinary pathology》1982,19(1):67-78

Small and large intestines of seven specific pathogen-free lambs infected with cryptosporidia from calves with diarrhea were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and by light microscopy. The small intestine was infected in all the lambs, and the cecum and colon in three. Small intestinal alterations were severe villous atrophy and dilatation of the crypts of Lieberkühn. Epithelial cross-bridging between contiguous villi caused much villous fusion. Epithelial cells constituting the bridges were connected by desmosomal junctions, and were continuous with the epithelial coverings of the associated villi. The lamina propria was heavily infiltrated with neutrophil leukocytes. Infected crypts in cecum and colon were dilated and devoid of mucus-secreting cells, while the ridges between crypts were hypertrophied, and the lamina propria was infiltrated by neutrophils. Cell vegetations with adherent bacteria were present in the surface intestinal epithelium of two lambs infected for 11 and 14 days, respectively. No adherent bacteria were seen in any site in lambs killed up to six days post-inoculation.  相似文献   

A rotavirus from kittens.     

D R Snodgrass  K W Angus  E W Gray 《The Veterinary record》1979,104(10):222-223

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