Retrospective study of the relationships between age, inflammation and the isolation of bacteria from the lower respiratory tract of thoroughbred horses     

Chapman PS  Green C  Main JP  Taylor PM  Cunningham FM  Cook AJ  Marr CM 《The Veterinary record》2000,146(4):91-95

A total of 1235 tracheal aspirates taken from 724 thoroughbreds in race training, aged from two to 10 years, were examined cytologically and bacteriologically. An inflammation scoring system on a scale of 0 to 9 was devised to allow the severity of lower airway disease to be assessed from the cytological results. The inflammation scores were closely related to the isolation of bacteria (P<0.001), and the most common bacterial isolates were Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pasteurella/Actinobacillus-like species. Lower airway disease was less common in older horses (P = 0.031), and the groups at highest risk were the two- and four-year-olds. Lower airway inflammation was more common in the four-year-olds at National Hunt yards than in the four-year-olds at flat racing yards (P = 0.040, odds ratio = 3.80).  相似文献   

Evaluation of tickGARD(PLUS), a novel vaccine against Boophilus microplus, in lactating Holstein-Friesian cows     

Jonsson NN  Matschoss AL  Pepper P  Green PE  Albrecht MS  Hungerford J  Ansell J 《Veterinary parasitology》2000,88(3-4):275-285

The effects of vaccination with the Bm 86 vaccine TickGARD(PLUS) against infestation with cattle tick (Boophilus microplus) and of holding cattle on a feedpad until 09:00 hours after the morning milking was tested on 40 mid lactation Holstein cattle using a factorial design. Vaccination resulted in a 56% reduction in tick numbers in the field over one generation, and a 72% reduction in laboratory measures of the reproductive efficiency of ticks. The liveweight gain of vaccinated cattle over 27 weeks was 18.6 kg higher than that of controls, and vaccinated cattle tended to have lower somatic cell count in milk (SCC). There were no other significant differences in measures of production. Cattle kept on the feedpad after the morning milking carried 26% more ticks than those returned immediately to their paddocks.  相似文献   

Expression of E‐cadherin in canine anal sac gland carcinoma and its association with survival*     

G. A. Polton  M. J. Brearley  L. M. Green  T. J. Scase 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2007,5(4):232-238

The objective of this study was to determine whether an association could be demonstrated between survival and the expression of the adhesion molecule E‐cadherin by the neoplastic cells in a group of dogs with anal sac gland carcinomas (ASGCs). Archived formalin‐fixed, paraffin wax‐embedded primary tumour specimens were obtained for 36 cases of canine ASGC with known clinical management and survival data. Immunohistochemical methods were used to evaluate E‐cadherin expression by the neoplastic cells and data were evaluated for an association between E‐cadherin expression and survival. On univariate analysis, the median survival time for cases with tumours expressing E‐cadherin in more than 75% of cells was significantly greater than that for cases with tumours expressing E‐cadherin in fewer than 75% of cells (1168 versus 448 days, P = 0.0246). Both E‐cadherin expression and presence or absence of distant metastases were significantly associated with survival on multivariate analysis. This study demonstrates that expression of E‐cadherin at the cytoplasmic membrane in canine ASGCs is variable and potentially predictive of survival.  相似文献   

The spore coat of the bean anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is required for adhesion, appressorium development and pathogenicity     

Sarah L. Rawlings  Richard J. O&#x;Connell  Jonathan R. Green 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2007,70(4-6):110-119

The spores (conidia) of the bean anthracnose fungal pathogen, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, adhere to the aerial parts of plants to initiate the infection process. In previous studies we have shown that the Colletotrichum spores are surrounded by a fibrillar spore coat, comprising several major glycoproteins. Previous evidence showed that a monoclonal antibody (UB20) that recognised these glycoproteins was able to inhibit adhesion of spores to a hydrophobic surface. In this paper we have further studied the role of the spore coat in adhesion, germination and fungal development by studying the effects of UB20 and protease treatment of spores. The latter treatment has previously been shown to remove the spore coat. Spores germinate on glass, polystyrene and water agar, however, appressoria only develop on glass or polystyrene, showing a requirement for a hard surface. Removal of the spore coat with protease inhibits adhesion at 30 min, before the secretion of ECM glycoproteins. Protease treatment also inhibits the development of appressoria and reduces pathogenicity on leaves. Incubation of spores with the MAb UB20 inhibits adhesion at 30 min, but does not affect appressorium formation or pathogenicity. The results suggest that an intact spore coat has two functions; it is required for adhesion to a hydrophobic surface and for the detection of a hard surface necessary for appressorium formation. We suggest that contact with a hard surface, rather than adhesion, is the key event leading to appressorium formation.  相似文献   

Soil-borne transmission of cavity spot of carrots,grown in north Lincolnshire for processing     

C.D. Green  T. Makin 《Crop Protection》1985,4(3):351-358

A commercial processing crop of Amsterdam forcing carrots had a very uneven field distribution of cavity spot ranging from 0% to 59% of carrots affected when harvested. Carrots grown in the soil in pots developed similar blemishes which propamocarb drenching and gamma irradiation of the soil decreased. Drenches of dieldrin, aldicarb and tolclofos-methyl did not decrease the proportion of carrots with blemishes. It is suggested that cavity spot is soil borne, caused by an organism that may be controlled by fungicides with activity against oomycete fungi.  相似文献   

Hypoalbuminemia-related platelet hypersensitivity in two dogs with nephrotic syndrome   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R A Green  E A Russo  R T Greene  A L Kabel 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1985,186(5):485-488

Platelet aggregation studies in 2 dogs with nephrotic syndrome disclosed increased platelet sensitivity to a low dose of adenosine diphosphate. Subsequent studies with isolated platelets and plasma indicated that a plasma factor was responsible primarily for inducing platelet hypersensitivity. The increased platelet aggregation response was corrected by increasing the albumin concentration of the plasma. The study suggested an important role for albumin in modulating platelet aggregation and may partially explain the tendency toward thrombosis noted in hypoalbuminemic dogs with nephrotic syndrome.  相似文献   

Above- and belowground biomass measurements in an unthinned stand of Sitka spruce (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Picea sitchensis</Emphasis> (Bong) Carr.)     

Carly Green  Brian Tobin  Michael O’Shea  Edward P. Farrell  Kenneth A. Byrne 《European Journal of Forest Research》2007,126(2):179-188

Reporting carbon (C) stocks in tree biomass (above- and belowground) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) should be transparent and verifiable. The development of nationally specific data is considered ‘good practice’ to assist in meeting these reporting requirements. From this study, biomass functions were developed for estimating above- and belowground C stock in a 19-year-old stand of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong) Carr.). Our estimates were then tested against current default values used for reporting in Ireland and literature equations. Ten trees were destructively sampled to develop aboveground and tree component biomass equations. The roots were excavated and a root:shoot (R) ratio developed to estimate belowground biomass. Application of the total aboveground biomass function yielded a C stock estimate for the stand of 74 tonnes C ha⁻¹, with an uncertainty of 7%. The R ratio was determined to be 0.23, with an uncertainty of 10%. The C stock estimate of the belowground biomass component was then calculated to be 17 tonnes C ha⁻¹, with an uncertainty of 12%. The equivalent C stock estimate from the biomass expansion factor (BEF) method, applying Ireland’s currently reported default values for BEF (inclusive of belowground biomass), wood density and C concentration and methods for estimating volume, was found to be 60 tonnes C ha⁻¹, with an uncertainty of 26%. We found that volume tables, currently used for determining merchantable timber volume in Irish forestry conditions, underestimated volume since they did not extend to the yield of the forest under investigation. Mean stock values for belowground biomass compared well with that generated using published models.  相似文献   

Stress wave sorting of red maple logs for structural quality     

Xiping?WangEmail author  Robert?J.?Ross  David?W.?Green  Brian?Brashaw  Karl?Englund  Michael?Wolcott 《Wood Science and Technology》2004,37(6):531-537

Existing log grading procedures in the United States make only visual assessments of log quality. These procedures do not incorporate estimates of the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of logs. It is questionable whether the visual grading procedures currently used for logs adequately assess the potential quality of structural products manufactured from them, especially those for which MOE is of primary concern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of stress wave nondestructive evaluation techniques to sort red maple logs for the potential quality of lumber obtained from them. Ninety-five red maple logs were nondestructively evaluated using longitudinal stress wave techniques and sorted into four stress wave grades. The logs were then sawn into cants and lumber. The same procedure was used to obtain stress wave times in the cants and lumber. The lumber specimens were then dried and graded using a transverse vibration technique. The results of this study showed that good relationships existed between stress wave times measured in logs, cants, and the lumber produced from the logs. It was found that log stress wave grades have positive relationships with the lumber grades. Logs with high stress wave grades produced high-grade lumber. These findings indicate that the longitudinal stress wave technique has potential in sorting logs and cants for the production of high MOE products.The Forest Products Laboratory is maintained in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin. This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and it is therefore in the public domain and not subject to copyright.  相似文献   

Empirische Bayes-Schätzer zur Datenanalyse in Forstinventuren     

M. Köhl  E. Green 《European Journal of Forest Research》1991,110(1):393-399

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Neoplasia in Mytilus edulis L. from United Kingdom waters     

M. Green  D.J. Alderman 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1983,30(1-4):1-10

The results of a survey to investigate the distribution of a proliferating haemocytic condition affecting Mytilus edulis L. is described. This neoplastic condition occurred at low levels at a number of sites around the British coast. The histopathology of the condition at light and electron microscope levels is described.  相似文献