Physics. What is dark matter made of?     

Zioutas K  Hoffmann DH  Dennerl K  Papaevangelou T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5701):1485-1488

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Passive ventilation in benthic annelids?     

Hoffmann RJ  Mangum CP  Vogel S  Bretz WL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1972,176(4041):1356-1357

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Computers in Medicine     

Hoffmann RG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1960,131(3399):472-474

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Thermal conductivity effect of carrier gases on flame-ionization detector sensitivity     

Hoffmann RL  Evans CD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1966,153(3732):172-173

Data for six carrier gases of different thermal conductivities show a linear correlation between the logarithm of thermal conductivity and detector response. Carbon dioxide with a lower thermal conductivity than helium gives a ninefold increase in detector response.  相似文献   

The Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources — The road to common understanding and agreement     

I. Hoffmann  D. BoermaB. Scherf 《Livestock Science》2011,136(1):7-14

The first International Technical Conference on Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, took place from 3 to 7 September, 2007, in Interlaken, Switzerland. The main achievement of the Conference was the adoption of the Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources, the first ever international framework for the promotion of the wise management of animal genetic resources for food and agriculture, endorsed by governments. The article describes the technical and intergovernmental processes developing the Global Plan of Action. The adoption of the Global Plan of Action has created unprecedented momentum for promoting the sustainable use, development and conservation of the world's livestock diversity. The international community is now facing the challenge to ensure that the Global Plan of Action is effectively implemented.  相似文献   

Evidence for natural resistance towards trifloxystrobin in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium graminearum</Emphasis>     

Tiphaine Dubos  Matias Pasquali  Friederike Pogoda  Lucien Hoffmann  Marco Beyer 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,130(2):239-248

A collection of 55 Fusarium graminearum (Gibberella zeae) strains isolated between 1969 and 2009 in Belgium, Canada, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, or the USA belonging to the three known chemotypes (3-acetylated deoxynivalenol, 15-acetylated deoxynivalenol and nivalenol) were screened for their sensitivity towards the fungicide trifloxystrobin using a liquid culture assay. None of the isolates was completely inhibited by trifloxystrobin concentrations up to 3 mM. For comparison, prothioconazole completely inhibited fungal growth of a standard isolate at concentrations as low as 0.007 mM. The maximum level of inhibition, which could be obtained by trifloxystrobin, ranged from 14 to 65% among the strains tested and was not significantly affected by the country of origin or by the chemotype. The absence of significant differences in resistance levels between the countries of origin and chemotypes as well as the fact that strains isolated before the market introduction of strobilurins in 1996 also showed a high level of resistance is evidence that this is largely a case of natural resistance and not primarily related to strobilurin use in agriculture.  相似文献   

Einfluß der Mineralstoffversorgung auf die Prädisposition von Phaseolus vulgaris gegen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. et Magn.) Br. et Cav. II. Organische und anorganische Inhaltsstoffe in Beziehung zur Prädisposition bei variierter N−, K− und Ca−Versorgung in Nährlösungskultur     

H. G. Drobny  G. M. Hoffmann  A. Amberger 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1985,148(1):33-46

Influence of mineral nutrition on the predisposition of Phaseolus vulgaris against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. et Magn.) Br. et Cav. II. Organic and anorganic components in relation to predisposition with varying N-, K- and Ca supply

• 1 The predisposition of Phaseolus vulgaris vs. Colletotrichum lindemuthianum was increased with higher N- and K-concentrations in the nutrient solution.
• 2 No correlation between these changes of susceptibility and organic plant constituents, the content of which was also influenced by the nutrition (total carbohydrates, chlorophyll, total N, precipitable N, total protein, individual amino acids).
• 3 Analysis of inorganic plant constituents (K, Ca, Mg, Fe, at increased N- and K-nutrition showed a negative correlation between the predisposition and the content of Ca and, to a lesser extent of Mg.
• 4 The influence of N-nutrition on the susceptibility was only related to the ammonium-ion. The nitrate concentration in the nutrient solution had no effect.
• 5 The predisposition was also influenced by Ca-nutrition: low Ca-concentration in the nutrient solution, low Ca-content and high susceptibility, on the other hand high Ca-concentration, high Ca-content and low susceptibility. At a certain level of Ca no further reduction of the disease level could be achieved (35 and 25mg Cdg dry matter for primary leaves and the third leaf, respectively).
• 6 The relation between N- and K-nutrition and Ca-content is presumably caused by the ion uptake antagonism between K′, NH4′ and Ca2+.

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The Importance of Precedent Hydro-climatological Conditions for the Mass Transfer of Pollutants in Separated Sewer Systems and Corresponding Tributaries During Storm Events     

Andreas Krein  Merce Salvia-Castellvi  Jean Francois Iffly  Laurent Pfister  Lucien Hoffmann 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,182(1-4):357-368

Runoff events were analysed in separated sewer systems in the town of Luxembourg. The relationships between Event Mean Concentrations of different pollutants and runoff patterns were evaluated. In addition, the inter-storm and intra-storm variability of the material transport were determined. Primarily, the variations in pollutant concentrations and loads are determined by the antecedent weather conditions. The presence of illicit sanitary inputs in one of the sewers produced a significant first flush effect as well as higher Event Mean Concentrations for pollutants. Furthermore, near the town of Trier 40 storms were analyzed in a small natural basin mainly influenced by runoff from a separated sewer system. Natural and artificial storm events were investigated in order to estimate the relationship between the pollutant sources in the channel and from the separated sewer system. Just like in the canalization of Luxembourg City the pollutant dynamics during natural storms are strongly influenced by pre-event hydrological conditions. The artificial storms behave differently. Despite little pre-rain, the maximum concentrations of toxic substances are comparatively low. A resuspension of sediment only occurs in the natural channel system, without the introduction of fines from the sewer system.  相似文献   

Detection of antibodies against Brucella in the aqueous humor using ELISA     

J Dedek  A Hoffmann  A Kramer  H Dahms  H Loepelmann 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1990,103(11):378-380

In aqueous bulbi of experimentally against Brucella abortus immunized guinea pigs and rabbits specific antibodies could be detected by ELISA-tests. This first demonstration of brucella antibodies in the aqueous shows that aqueous can be used for serological examinations. For practical use more investigations in experimental animals are necessary, e.g. on kinetics of orbital antibodies absence of interfering factors and biomechanics of proteins in aqueous.  相似文献   

Changes in N Composition of Sugar Beet Varieties in Response to Increasing N Supply     

C. M. Hoffmann 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2005,191(2):138-145

The soluble nitrogen (N) components in sugar beet seriously impair sugar recovery. The only N component determined routinely in the sugar factory is amino N (the sum of amino acids in the beet), which is assumed to reflect all the other N components. Amino N is affected by N supply and variety, but only little is known about the other N components such as total soluble N, betaine and nitrate. This study aimed at investigating the effect of N supply on the N composition of sugar beet varieties with special emphasis on N supply by variety interactions. In 2001 and 2002, field trials with four varieties and four N treatments were carried out at six sites in Germany. Storage root yield and the concentrations of sucrose, sodium, amino N, betaine, nitrate and total soluble N in the beet were determined. With increasing N supply, the concentration of amino N increased considerably and that of nitrate slightly, whereas that of betaine remained rather constant. Thus, the N composition of sugar beet changed with increasing N supply and the percentage of amino N of total soluble N increased. Although amino N has the closest correlation with total soluble N, for quality assessment it may overestimate the effect of N supply on other N components. Varieties clearly differed in root yield and quality as well as in all N components. The variety with the lowest amino N had the highest betaine concentration. However, as related to the concentration of total soluble N in the beet, for all varieties amino N as well as betaine showed the same response pattern. This indicates that the N composition of sugar beet is determined by the level of total soluble N, irrespective of variety or N supply. All varieties required the same N supply for obtaining maximum yield or quality. N supply did not affect the ranking of the varieties for all parameters studied, consequently it need not be considered for variety choice.  相似文献