Effects of Feeding Frequency on Apparent Energy and Nutrient Digestibility/Availability of Channel Catfish,Ictalurus punctatus,Reared at Optimal and Suboptimal Temperatures          下载免费PDF全文

Menghe H. Li  Penelope M. Lucas 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2017,48(1):132-136

This study examined the effects of feeding frequency (daily versus every other day [EOD]) on nutrient digestibility/availability of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, reared at optimal (30 C) and suboptimal (24 C) temperatures. A 28% protein practical diet was used as the test diet, and chromic oxide was used at 0.75% of the diet as a maker. Twenty channel catfish of a mean weight of 141 g/fish were stocked into 12 flow‐through aquaria (110 L). Fish were fed daily or EOD to apparent satiation for 7 d before fecal samples were collected by the dissection method. Fish fed EOD to apparent satiation consumed more diet on days fed than those fed daily, and fish reared at 30 C consumed more diet than those reared at 24 C. Neither feeding frequency nor water temperature significantly affected apparent digestibility coefficients for energy and protein and apparent availability coefficients for total amino acids. Results show no advantage by feeding EOD over feeding daily on nutrient digestibility and diet utilization efficiency.  相似文献   

Evaluating the Effects of Dietary Prebiotic Mixture of Mannan Oligosaccharide and Poly‐β‐Hydroxybutyrate on the Growth Performance,Immunity, and Survival of Rainbow Trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum 1792), Fingerlings          下载免费PDF全文

Ebrahim H. Najdegerami  Amir Tokmachi  Farideh Bakhshi 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2017,48(3):415-425

This study investigated the effects of dietary poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and disease resistance of rainbow trout fingerlings. A total of 420 fingerlings, distributed equally into four different groups, each with three replicates, were fed a basal diet (control), 2% PHB (PHB), 0.2% MOS (MOS), or a diet supplemented with a mixture of 2% PHB and 0.2% MOS (PHB+MOS) for 60 d. Results showed that dietary PHB and/or MOS did not cause significant improvement in the growth performance of the fingerlings. The gut pH was markedly reduced; however, the activities of the digestive enzymes (except for pepsin and amylase by dietary PHB) were not significantly improved by the dietary supplements. Results also showed that dietary PHB and/or MOS markedly increased the resistance of the fingerlings toward Yersinia ruckeri infection, while the lowest total antibody was observed in fish fed control and MOS, indicating that MOS exerts its protective effects by modulating other mechanisms. Overall, this study provided a first screening effort to determine the effects of PHB and/or MOS as dietary supplements in rainbow trout fingerlings to develop an optimal prebiotic mix for improving the growth and health status of rainbow trout.  相似文献   

The advantages of the use of vitamin E and selenium for the prevention and therapy of porcine stress syndrome     

T H?nichen  K Heinritzi  W Bollwahn  H M Blendl 《Tier?rztliche Praxis》1988,16(2):147-151

In a feeding trial lasting for months Halothane-positive fattening pigs were put on a diet containing different concentrations of vitamin E and selenium. After a Myostress application vitamin E and selenium were additionally injected in order to examine stress resistance (CK-test) and regenerative capacity (histological examination of Musculus longissimus dorsi) of skeletal muscle. The study revealed that neither high dietary levels of vitamin E/selenium nor a vitamin E/selenium treatment applied after stress are capable of preventing stress related myopathy nor can they influence its healing up favourably.  相似文献   

Immunodeficiency associated with lymphosarcoma in a horse.     

M O Furr  M V Crisman  J Robertson  O Barta  W S Swecker 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,201(2):307-309

Immune system dysfunction and immunoglobulin deficiency was diagnosed in a 2-year-old horse with disseminated lymphosarcoma. Prolonged (35 days) parenteral nutrition was delivered to support the horse during a period in which immune function studies could be performed. Correction of nutritional compromise by use of parenteral nutrition did not correct the immunoglobulin deficiency, and results of lymphocyte phenotype testing did not indicate abnormal proportions of leukocytes. Lymphoblast transformation studies were suggestive of a circulating immunosuppressive factor in the horse's serum. Normal cell function was detected when the cells were stimulated in precolostral equine serum.  相似文献   

Effect of the manganese content in laying hen feed with different Ca and mineral levels on the egg shell quality and bone mineralization of hens]     

C Ochrimenko  A Lemser  G Richter  U Krause  H Bonsak 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1992,42(1):25-35

Four experiments with 270, 44, 432 and 66800 Leghorn hens were carried out to investigate the influence of various Mn additions to diets differed in mineral or Ca contents on egg shell quality. The addition of 300 mg Mn/kg diet improved significantly egg shell breaking strength by 4 N over one year. The supply of 50-500 mg Mn/kg diet for 10-24 weeks of the second half of laying year did not influence the egg shell quality. Addition of mineral mixture or Ca grit to layer rations with adequate or higher Mn levels did not influence egg shell strength. High mineral content in a low manganese diet increased number of cracks by 3%. Strength, weight and ash content of tibia were significantly reduced by feeding a low mineral level. Addition of 50-150 mg Mn per kg low mineral diet normalized partially tibia stability in young hens. It was concluded that supplied dietary Manganese influences calcification positively only in young hens. High levels of Ca did not influence the effects of Mn. 50 mg Mn per kg layers mixture have been considered as an essential supply.  相似文献   

Glutathione peroxidase activity in whole blood and plasma of horses of different ages, sexes and different use]     

A Lindner  A Wahdati  H Sommer 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1992,105(7):239-242

GSH-Px activity in blood and plasma of 269 horses was determined and interrelated to age, sex, and type of use or breed. Furthermore values in blood were related to hematocrit and hemoglobin contents. Trotters and riding horses had higher GSH-Px activities in plasma as well as in blood (0.83 +/- 0.22 and 0.79 +/- 0.23 U/ml plasma or 27.2 +/- 4.3 and 24.0 +/- 7.0 U/ml blood) than Thoroughbreds in training and yearlings (0.61 +/- 0.,14 and 0.56 +/- 0.16 U/ml plasma or 20.6 2 +/- 6.9 and 24.6 +/- 4.3 U/ml blood). 3 to 6 years old Thoroughbreds had higher GSH-Px-activities than 1 to 2 years old ones. Colts and fillies did not have differing values.  相似文献   

The effect of hypervitaminosis D3 on the bones of the hen. 1. Light microscopy studies     

H Krempl  H Bacowsky 《Tier?rztliche Praxis》1988,16(2):153-158

46 one day old chickens, divided into five groups, were fed an alternately composed vitamin D3 ration during 36 days. In the group depleted of vitamin D3 the typical rickets were found. When treated with a standard ration (2000 I.U. vit. D3/kg food) after 15 days depletion of vitamin D3 the chickens showed control-group parameters within 3 weeks. Using 60,000 I.U. vitamin D3 after a period of 15 days depletion evoked rather an abrupt beginning of healing tendency accompanied by signs of intoxication which were enhanced in those chickens treated with 120,000 I.U. vitamin D3: increase in number of osteoblasts, calcification of osteoblastic mitochondrial membranes and endothelial cell membranes, as well as degeneration of osteoblasts together with a strong reaction of eosinophils. There did not occur necrosis of osteocytes or of bone structure. Erythrocytes, being embedded in ground substance without endothelial surrounding, was a common finding in every group.  相似文献   

Staining pattern of the brush border and detection of cytoplasmic granules in the uriniferous tubules of female DBA/2Cr mouse kidney: comparison among various fixations and stains.     

A Yabuki  S Suzuki  M Matsumot  M Kurohmaru  Y Hayashi  H Nishinakagawa 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(12):1339-1342

The proximal straight tubules of the female mouse kidney exhibit heavy periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining in their brush borders and numerous cytoplasmic granules. In the present study, the female DBA/2Cr mouse kidney was examined, using various fixatives (formalin, PFA, PLP, Zamboni's, Bouin, or Carnoy solution) and various staining methods (HE, PAS, alcian blue, periodic acid methenamine-silver (PAM), toluidine blue, azan, or Congo red). Under azan and PAM, the staining pattern of the brush border was similar to that of PAS, and few effects of the fixative were observed. Cytoplasmic granules were clearly detected with PAM as well as PAS. However, these granules were not detected with Carnoy solution. Furthermore, distribution of granules differed between PAS and PAM.  相似文献   

Detection of antibodies to bovid herpesvirus 2 infection of cattle in Syria     

D Tabbaa  H Liebermann 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1989,43(6):929-931

Neutralising antibody to bovid herpesvirus 2 was demonstrated in the serum of 31 (10.8%) of 286 heads of cattle in north, south, and west Syria. 38% of titres were 1:2 to 1:8. There is no published report on isolation of this virus in Syria.  相似文献   

Yield response to insecticide treatment of a perennial ryegrass sward following sheep grazing or cutting by machine     

R.O. CLEMENTS  L.F. HENDERSON† 《Grass and Forage Science》1994,49(1):105-106

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