IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—INTRACRANIAL CRYPTOCOCCAL MASS IN A CAT     

JAMES J. HAMMOND  ERIC N. GLASS  TODD M. BISHOP  MARC KENT  ALEXANDER De LAHUNTA 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(3):306-308

A 4‐year‐old neutered female domestic shorthair was evaluated for mentation changes and left prosencephalic signs. This imaging report describes the imaging findings for this patient. A diagnosis of a cryptococcal mass was made based on imaging and additional diagnostics. Complete resolution of the mass was demonstrated by follow‐up imaging. This report serves as a reminder that masses associated with cryptococcal infection should be included on the differential list for cats with intracranial masses. In addition, this report provides evidence that large intracranial cryptococcal masses may resolve with long‐term medical therapy.  相似文献   

EFFECT OF DELAYED ACQUISITION TIMES ON GADOLINIUM‐ENHANCED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE PRESUMABLY NORMAL CANINE BRAIN     

STEPHEN JOSLYN  MARTIN SULLIVAN  ROSA NOVELLAS  NICOLA BRENNAN  GILL CAMERON  GAWAIN HAMMOND 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(6):611-618

A delay in imaging following intravenous contrast medium administration has been recommended to reduce misdiagnoses. However, the normal variation of contrast enhancement in dogs following a delay has not been characterized. Contrast‐enhanced MR imaging of 22 dogs was assessed, in terms of identification of normal anatomic structures, to investigate the variation associated with 10‐min delay between contrast medium administration and imaging. All dogs had a normal brain MR imaging study and unremarkable cerebrospinal fluid. Specific regions of interest were assessed both objectively, using computer software, and subjectively using three observers. Mean contrast enhancement >10% was seen in the pituitary gland, choroid plexus, meninges, temporal muscle, trigeminal nerve, and the trigeminal nerve root. Structures with an active blood–brain barrier had minimal contrast enhancement (<6%). Enhancing structures had significantly more contrast enhancement at t=1 min vs. t=10 min, except in temporal muscle, the trigeminal nerve and the trigeminal nerve root. Interobserver agreement was moderate to good in favor of the initial postcontrast T1‐weighted (T1w) sequence. The observers found either no difference or poor agreement in identification of the nonvascular structures. Intraobserver agreement was very good with all vascular structures and most nonvascular structures. A degree of meningeal enhancement was a consistent finding. The initial acquisition had higher enhancement characteristics and observer agreement for some structures; however, contrast‐to‐noise was comparable in the delayed phase or not significantly different. We provide baseline references and suggest that the initial T1w postcontrast sequence is preferable but not essential should a delayed postcontrast T1w sequence be performed.  相似文献   

Differential Rotation and Dynamics of the Solar Interior     

MJ Thompson  J Toomre  ER Anderson  HM Antia  G Berthomieu  D Burtonclay  SM Chitre  J Christensen-Dalsgaard  T Corbard  M DeRosa  CR Genovese  DO Gough  DA Haber  JW Harvey  F Hill  R Howe  SG Korzennik  AG Kosovichev  JW Leibacher  FP Pijpers  J Provost  EJ Rhodes  J Schou  T Sekii  PB Stark  PR Wilson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5266):1300-1305

Splitting of the sun's global oscillation frequencies by large-scale flows can be used to investigate how rotation varies with radius and latitude within the solar interior. The nearly uninterrupted observations by the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) yield oscillation power spectra with high duty cycles and high signal-to-noise ratios. Frequency splittings derived from GONG observations confirm that the variation of rotation rate with latitude seen at the surface carries through much of the convection zone, at the base of which is an adjustment layer leading to latitudinally independent rotation at greater depths. A distinctive shear layer just below the surface is discernible at low to mid-latitudes.  相似文献   

Development of monoclonal antibodies for the rapid identification of epizootic Vibrio species     

P. J. HANNA  K. ALTMANN  D. CHEN  A. SMITH  S. COSIC  P. MOON  L. S. HAMMOND 《Journal of fish diseases》1992,15(1):63-69

Abstract. A library of monoclonal antibodies has been developed for use in rapid diagnosis of Vibrio infecftions. It covers the Vibrio Species that are regarded as the major fish and shellfish pathogens, many of which are also human pathogens. Blind tests confirm the accurary of the monoclonals as a diagnostic test. Conjugation of enzyme lable onto the monoclonals is providing rapid identification of Vibrio species by use of direct, rather than indirect, immunological testing.  相似文献   

Institution, Legislation and Policy Analysis of China’s Wetland Protection     

Gerrit Hazenberg 《中国林学(英文版)》2005,(4)

Wetland protection is a complex issue. In the executive system of wetland preservation, the central government is the main body of policy formulation and implementation. Although China has taken many steps to protect wetlands, there are still some institutional, legal and policy problems in the area of wetland protection. This article presents an analysis of these factors. First, the authors state and analyze the major legal and management problems currently hampering wetland protection in China. Then the authors believe that in the future, new problems of wetland protection will arise. Given the following three major aspects of wetland protection in China: i.e., the policy, law and management systems, this article provides some relevant suggestions in the area of policies and management.  相似文献   

Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of sulfamethazine in the pony     

R. C. WILSON  L. S. HAMMOND  C. H. CLARK  W. R. RAVIS 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1989,12(1):99-102

Sulfamethazine has been used in therapy of equine disease for over 40 years (Welsh et al , 1946). Although sulfamethazine appears to be well absorbed when fed mixed with grain and is reported to reach its peak concentration 8 h after administration, its oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics have not been reported (Schroeder et al. , 1948; Meier et al , 1980). The purpose of the present study was to determine the major pharmacokinetic values and the oral bioavailability of sulfamethazine at a dosage predicted to produce therapeutic blood concentrations in the pony.  相似文献   

Sulfaquinoxaline and sulfamerazine in the treatment of experimental infections with Eimeria bovis in calves     

HAMMOND DM  SHUPE JL  JOHNSON AE  FITZGERALD PR  THORNE JL 《American journal of veterinary research》1956,17(64):463-470

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IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—INTRA-ABDOMINAL NECROTIC LIPOMA     

TARA N. HAMMOND  JOAN REGAN 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(4):365-367

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The Functional Role of Oxytocin in the Induction of Oocyte Meiotic Resumption in Cattle     

K Gutierrez  L Siqueira  ML Rigo  WG Glanzner  JF Oliveira  PB Gonçalves 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(5):844-849

The aim of the present study was to examine the role of oxytocin (OT) in the progesterone (P4) and prostaglandins (PGs) pathway to induce oocyte meiotic resumption. Cumulus–oocyte complexes were co‐cultured with follicular hemisections for 15 h to determine the effects of different doses of OT or atosiban (ATO; oxytocin receptor antagonist) on oocyte meiotic resumption. In another experiment, we examined the effect of the interaction between P4, OT and PGs on the regulatory cascade of the oocyte meiotic resumption. Oxytocin at 1 μm was effective in inducing meiotic resumption in oocytes co‐cultured with follicular cells (84.0%), not differing from the positive control group (74.4%). Atosiban inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner the positive effect of OT on the meiotic resumption (27.6% metaphase I with 10 μm of ATO, which did not differ from the 25.5% of the negative control group). Furthermore, a third experiment showed that P4 was able to induce oocyte meiotic resumption, which was inhibited by ATO. However, the OT positive effect was not blocked by mifepristone (P4 antagonist), but was inhibited by indomethacin (a non‐selective PTGS2 inhibitor). Collectively, these data suggest a sequential role of P4, OT and PGs in the induction of oocyte meiotic resumption.  相似文献   

Photoperiodicity in animals; the role of darkness     

HAMMOND J  KIRKPATRICK CM  LEOPOLD AC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1953,117(3041):389-391

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