Sperm motility and fertilizing ability in the Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus     

Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi  & Jacky Cosson 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(9):841-850

The motility and fertilizing ability of the Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus, spermatozoa were investigated. Optimum ionic content (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺) and pH of activation solution as well as the optimum dilution rate were determined. The results show optimum motility characteristics of spermatozoa in buffered solutions containing 25, 0.2, 3 and 10 mM L^?1 Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, respectively, at dilution rate 1:50 and pH 8.0. To test the fertilizing ability of sperm, two buffered saline solutions were used as activation solution of sperm motility. The present study indicated (1) spermatozoa motility is one of key factors that influence on fertilizing ability of sperm, (2) a high fertilizing ability of sperm is obtained after dilution in saline solutions rather than in freshwater and (3) a maximum fertilization rate occurs in buffered saline solution containing 0.2 mM L^?1 K⁺. There is also a good correlation between biochemical characteristics of seminal plasma and fertilizing ability of sperm.  相似文献   

Cardiopulmonary effects during anaesthesia induced and maintained with propofol in acepromazine pre‐medicated donkeys          下载免费PDF全文

Hadi Naddaf  Ali Baniadam  Abdolrahman Rasekh  Abdolmajid Arasteh  Soroush Sabiza 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2015,42(1):83-87

ObjectiveTo evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of anaesthesia induced and maintained with propofol in acepromazine pre-medicated donkeys.Study designProspective experimental study.AnimalsSix healthy male donkeys weighing 78–144 kg.MethodsDonkeys were pre-medicated with intravenous (IV) acepromazine (0.04 mg kg⁻¹). Ten minutes later, anaesthesia was induced with IV propofol (2 mg kg⁻¹) and anaesthesia maintained by continuous IV infusion of the propofol (0.2 mg kg⁻¹ minute⁻¹) for 30 minutes. Baseline measurements of physiological parameters, and arterial blood samples were taken before the acepromazine administration, then 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after the induction of anaesthesia. Changes from baseline were analysed by anova for repeated measures.ResultsWhen compared with baseline (standing) values, during anaesthesia heart rate increased throughout: significant at 5 (p = 0.001) and 15 (p = 0.015) minutes. Mean arterial blood pressure increased significantly only at 15 minutes (p < 0.001). Respiratory rate and arterial pH did not change significantly. PaO₂ was lower throughout anaethesia, but this only reached significance at 15 minutes (p = 0.041). PaCO₂ was statistically (but not clinically) significantly reduced at the times of 30 (p = 0.02), 45 (p = 0.01) and 60 (p = 0.04). Rectal temperature decreased significantly at all times of the study.Conclusions and clinical relevanceAdministration of propofol by the continuous infusion rate for the maintenance of anaesthesia resulted in stable cardiopulmonary effects and could prove to be clinically useful in donkeys.  相似文献   

Diversity of bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance profile among commensal rodents in Qatar     

Islam  Md Mazharul  Farag  Elmoubashar  Hassan  Mohammad Mahmudul  Enan  Khalid A.  Mohammad Sabeel  K. V.  Alhaddad  Maryam Mohammed  Smatti  Maria K.  Al-Marri  Abdulla Mohammad  Al-Zeyara  Abdul Azia  Al-Romaihi  Hamad  Yassine  Hadi M.  Sultan  Ali A.  Bansal  Devendra  Mkhize-Kwitshana  Zilungile 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(2):487-498

Rodents are sources of many zoonotic pathogens that are of public health concern. This study investigated bacterial pathogens and assessed their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in commensal rodents in Qatar. A total of 148 rodents were captured between August 2019 and February 2020, and blood, ectoparasites, and visceral samples were collected. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the intestines, and blood plasma samples were used to detect antibodies against Brucella spp., Chlamydophila abortus, and Coxiella burnetii. PCR assays were performed to detect C. burnetii, Leptospira spp., Rickettsia spp., and Yersinia pestis in rodent tissues and ectoparasite samples. Antimicrobial resistance by the isolated intestinal bacteria was performed using an automated VITEK analyzer. A total of 13 bacterial species were isolated from the intestine samples, namely Acinetobacter baumannii, Aeromonas salmonicida, Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter koseri, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Hafnia alvei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia stuartii, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella enterica. The majority of them were E. coli (54.63%), followed by P. mirabilis (17.59%) and K. pneumoniae (8.33%). Most of the pathogens were isolated from rodents obtained from livestock farms (50.46%), followed by agricultural farms (26.61%) and other sources (22.94%). No antibodies (0/148) were detected against Brucella spp., C. abortus, or C. burnetii. In addition, 31.58% (6/19) of the flea pools and one (1/1) mite pool was positive for Rickettsia spp., and no sample was positive for C. burnetii, Leptospira spp., and Y. pestis by PCR. A total of 43 (38%) bacterial isolates were identified as multidrug resistant (MDR), whereas A. salmonicida (n?=?1) did not show resistance to any tested antimicrobials. Over 50% of bacterial MDR isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cefalotin, doxycycline, nitrofurantoin, and tetracycline. The presence of MDR pathogens was not correlated with rodent species or the location of rodent trapping. Seven (11.86%) E. coli and 2 (22.2%) K. pneumoniae were extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producers. These findings suggest that rodents can be a source of opportunistic bacteria for human and animal transmission in Qatar. Further studies are needed for the molecular characterization of the identified bacteria in this study.

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The Fusarium graminearum genome reveals a link between localized polymorphism and pathogen specialization     

Cuomo CA  Güldener U  Xu JR  Trail F  Turgeon BG  Di Pietro A  Walton JD  Ma LJ  Baker SE  Rep M  Adam G  Antoniw J  Baldwin T  Calvo S  Chang YL  Decaprio D  Gale LR  Gnerre S  Goswami RS  Hammond-Kosack K  Harris LJ  Hilburn K  Kennell JC  Kroken S  Magnuson JK  Mannhaupt G  Mauceli E  Mewes HW  Mitterbauer R  Muehlbauer G  Münsterkötter M  Nelson D  O'donnell K  Ouellet T  Qi W  Quesneville H  Roncero MI  Seong KY  Tetko IV  Urban M  Waalwijk C  Ward TJ  Yao J  Birren BW  Kistler HC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5843):1400-1402

We sequenced and annotated the genome of the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum, a major pathogen of cultivated cereals. Very few repetitive sequences were detected, and the process of repeat-induced point mutation, in which duplicated sequences are subject to extensive mutation, may partially account for the reduced repeat content and apparent low number of paralogous (ancestrally duplicated) genes. A second strain of F. graminearum contained more than 10,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which were frequently located near telomeres and within other discrete chromosomal segments. Many highly polymorphic regions contained sets of genes implicated in plant-fungus interactions and were unusually divergent, with higher rates of recombination. These regions of genome innovation may result from selection due to interactions of F. graminearum with its plant hosts.  相似文献   

THE ROLE OF CALCIUM IN PLANTS' SALT TOLERANCE     

M. R. Hadi  N. Karimi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(13):2037-2054

High concentrations of sodium (Na) are toxic to most plant species, making soil salinity a major abiotic stress in plant productivity world wide. It has been shown that, calcium (Ca²⁺) is an important determinant for plant salt tolerance and confers protective effects on plants under growing in sodic soils. Calcium plays an essential role in processes that preserve the structural and functional integrity of plant cell membranes, stabilizes cell wall structures, regulates ion transport and selectivity, and controls ion-exchange behavior as well as cell wall enzyme activities. The nature of these responses will vary depending on the plant genotype. One of the essential functions of Ca²⁺ is acting as a second messenger in stress signaling. Genetic evidence suggests that perception of salt stress leads to a cytosolic calcium-signal that activates the calcium sensor protein SOS₃. SOS₃ binds to and activates a ser/thr protein kinase SOS₂. The activated SOS₂ kinase regulates the activities of SOS₁, a plasma membrane Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter, and NHX₁, a tonoplast Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter. This results in either Na⁺ efflux out of cytosol or its compartmentation in vacuole.  相似文献   

Estimation of genetic parameters for reproductive traits in shall sheep     

Hesam Amou Posht-e- Masari  Abdol Ahad Shadparvar  Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh  Mohammad Hossein Hadi Tavatori 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(5):1259-1263

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for reproductive traits in Shall sheep. Data included 1,316 records on reproductive performances of 395 Shall ewes from 41 sires and 136 dams which were collected from 2001 to 2007 in Shall breeding station in Qazvin province at the Northwest of Iran. Studied traits were litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), litter mean weight per lamb born (LMWLB), litter mean weight per lamb weaned (LMWLW), total litter weight at birth (TLWB), and total litter weight at weaning (TLWW). Test of significance to include fixed effects in the statistical model was performed using the general linear model procedure of SAS. The effects of lambing year and ewe age at lambing were significant (P?<?0.05). Genetic parameters were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood procedure, under repeatability animal models. Direct heritability estimates were 0.02, 0.01, 0.47, 0.40, 0.15, and 0.03 for LSB, LSW, LMWLB, LMWLW, TLWB, and TLWW, respectively, and corresponding repeatabilities were 0.02, 0.01, 0.73, 0.41, 0.27, and 0.03. Genetic correlation estimates between traits ranged from ?0.99 for LSW–LMWLW to 0.99 for LSB–TLWB, LSW–TLWB, and LSW–TLWW. Phenotypic correlations ranged from ?0.71 for LSB–LMWLW to 0.98 for LSB–TLWW and environmental correlations ranged from ?0.89 for LSB–LMWLW to 0.99 for LSB–TLWW. Results showed that the highest heritability estimates were for LMWLB and LMWLW suggesting that direct selection based on these traits could be effective. Also, strong positive genetic correlations of LMWLB and LMWLW with other traits may improve meat production efficiency in Shall sheep.  相似文献   

Hormonal induction of ovulation in pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and mammalian GnRH analogue     

Jiří Křišt’an  Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi  Vlastimil Stejskal  Tomáš Policar 《Aquaculture International》2013,21(4):811-818

The aim of the present study was to study spawning stimulation in artificial reproduction of females pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) using “Chorulon” containing the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and compare with “Supergestran” containing a mammalian GnRH ([D-Ala⁶]GnRHProNhet) analogue. The females were divided into eleven experimental groups and injected with hCG at 250, 500, 750, and 1 000 IU kg^?1 body weight (BW) and mGnRHa at 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg kg^?1 BW. In all treatments, a single intramuscular injection of hormone was performed. Control group was injected with 0.9 % NaCl, 0.9 cm³ kg^?1 BW. The average percentages of ovulating females were 88.5 ± 12.3 and 80.8 ± 10.9 % in hCG- and mGnRHa-treated groups, respectively. The average diameter of eggs was 0.95 ± 0.06 and 0.98 ± 0.06 mm in hCG- and mGnRHa-treated groups, respectively. Neither ovulation rate nor diameter of egg was statistically differed among hormonally treated groups. Statistical difference was observed only in hatching rate, where the average were 73.6 ± 14.4 and 50.6 ± 17.7 % in hCG and mGnRHa-treated groups, respectively. Among hormonally treated groups, the best results were observed in groups treated with hCG at 500 and 750 IU kg^?1 and in groups treated with mGnRHa at 25 μg kg^?1. No ovulation was observed in the control group. This study indicated successful ovulation in pikeperch using a single intramuscular injection of hCG or mGnRHa analogue.  相似文献   

The Effect of Sodium Caseinate Coating Incorporated with Zataria moltiflora Essential Oil on the Quality and Shelf Life of Rainbow Trout During Refrigerated Storage     

Marjan Zargar  Seyed Hadi Razavi  Seyed Mahdi Ojagh 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(8):1311-1322

ABSTRACT

In the present study, aqueous solutions of sodium caseinate (SC) 8% (w/w) were provided in the form of four treatments—including SC without any essential oil (EO) as well as SC with 0.25, 0.5, and 1% (v/w) concentrations of Zataria moltiflora EO. Fish samples were treated with aqueous solutions and stored at 4 ± 1°C for 20 days. The control and treated fish samples were analyzed for chemical (total volatile basic nitrogen, pH, thiobarbituric acid, peroxide value), microbiological (total viable count and psychrotrophic count), and sensory analyses every 4 days. Based on results, SC edible coating had no antimicrobial effect but acted like a barrier against the fish flesh contamination. Moreover, incorporating Zataria moltiflora EO with SC edible coating reduces peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances values as well as the chemical and microbiological spoilage of refrigerated ?sh samples. Furthermore, sensory evaluation results showed that the presence of thyme oil improved the sensory quality of the rainbow trout.  相似文献   

Non-steroidal ecdysteroid agonist chromafenozide: Gene induction activity, cell proliferation inhibition and larvicidal activity     

Hadi Mosallanejad  Luc Swevers  Yoshiaki Nakagawa 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2008,92(2):70-76

The activity profile of the most recent commercial non-steroidal ecdysteroid agonist chromafenozide (ANS-118), was evaluated on a comparative basis to methoxyfenozide (RH-2485) that is to date the most potent commercial agonist against Lepidoptera. This was done first at the molecular and cellular level regarding its induction activity of an ecdysteroid-responsive reporter gene and its cell proliferation inhibition activity, and subsequently at the level of larvicidal toxicity. For in vitro experiments three ecdysteroid-responsive insect cell lines were used: Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera) S2 cells, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera) Bm5 cells and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera) Se4 cells. The in vivo toxicity was scored against two major lepidopteran pests in the world, the beet armyworm S. exigua and the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis. In vitro results revealed that chromafenozide and methoxyfenozide are highly potent against lepidopteran cells compared to dipteran cells, supporting the lepidopteran-specificity of these compounds. Interestingly, in the reporter gene induction experiments and proliferation inhibition experiments, a slightly higher efficacy was observed in S2 compared to Bm5 cells at high concentrations of chromafenozide and methoxyfenozide. Our analysis shows the high potency and efficacy of the chromafenozide compound as an ecdysteroid agonist towards lepidopteran insects at a level that is similar to methoxyfenozide.  相似文献   

Biochemical mechanisms of methoxyfenozide resistance in the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis     

Hadi Mosallanejad  Guy Smagghe 《Pest management science》2009,65(7):732-736

BACKGROUND: Methoxyfenozide is a lepidopteran‐specific insecticide that belongs to a new group of insecticides, the non‐steroidal ecdysteroid agonists, also called moulting accelerating compounds (MACs). To investigate the risk of resistance and possible mechanisms conferring resistance to methoxyfenozide, the authors selected in the laboratory for a resistant strain of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), which is a representative lepidopteran model and an important pest in cotton and vegetables worldwide, with a high risk for resistance development. RESULTS: After selection with methoxyfenozide during 13 generations, toxicity data showed that the selected strain developed fivefold resistance to methoxyfenozide in comparison with the susceptible strain. Measurement of the detoxification enzymes demonstrated that the monooxygenase (MO) activity was 2.1 times higher in the selected strain, whereas there was no change for esterases and glutathione‐S‐transferases. When the inhibitors piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S,S‐tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) and diethyl maleate were tested as synergists, the respective synergistic ratios were 0.97, 0.96 and 1.0 for the susceptible strain, and 2.2, 0.96 and 1.1 for the resistant strain. The significant synergistic effect by PBO concurs with the increased MO activity in the selected strain. CONCLUSION: Taken overall, the present study supports the importance of MO‐mediated metabolism in resistance to methoxyfenozide, directing tactics to fight against resistance development for this novel group of insecticides. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献