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11.
M. Ramzan M. Akhtar F. Muhammad I. Hussain E. Hiszczyńska-Sawicka A. U. Haq M. S. Mahmood M. A. Hafeez 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(7):1225-1229
Toxoplasmosis, an infection caused by Toxoplasma (T.) gondii Apicomplexa protozoan, is widespread in humans and other animal species, having already been reported in many countries and
different climates. In Pakistan, no data is available on this aspect among food animals. This study was undertaken to determine
the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in sheep and goats. A total of 200 serum samples from sheep and goats, were collected from urban area of Rahim
Yar Khan (Punjab), Pakistan and tested for Toxoplasmosis with a commercial latex agglutination kit (Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.
Japan). The overall seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis was 19%. Goats had a significantly higher (p < 0.01) prevalence (25.4%)
as compared to the sheep (11.2%); and higher (p < 0.01) in the female (24%) than in the males (19%) for both species. In the
present study the male (both in sheep and goat) are found less seropositive T. gondii (OR = 0.23; 99% C.I. = 0.01, 1.81) as compared to female sheep and goat. The prevalence was significantly higher (p < 0.01)
in adult sheep than younger animals. Among both the sheep and goats the group from 1–1.5 years are highly seropositive (OR = 1.75;
99% C.I. = 0.47, 6.51) as compared to the group less than one year of age followed by the 2–2.5 years age group (OR = 1.63;
99% C.I. = 0.50, 5.74) whereas group with more than 3 years of age least seropositive. 相似文献
12.
Genetic behaviour of fibre quality parameters under heat‐stressed conditions clearly reflected the significant effect of heat stress on the phenotypic expression of fibre quality parameters. Results from the field experiments demonstrated that fibre quality was better among the upland cotton cultivars under non‐stressed (June) regime. Fibre length, strength, uniformity and fineness were substantially high under June regime when compared with that under April (heat stressed) regime. The prevalence of significant genotype × temperature regime interaction for fibre length, fineness and strength provided another evidence for the influence of temperature regimes on the expression of fibre traits. A significant effect of heat stress on the phenotypic expression of fibre quality parameters was observed. 相似文献
13.
CHEN Jie Hafeez Ur Rahman BUGHIO CHEN Da-zhou LIU Guang-jie ZHENG Kang-le ZHUANG Jie-yun 《水稻科学》2006,13(1):15-21
Genetic variation in cultivated rice has been reduced tremendously during domestication and modern plant breeding. As a consequence, slow progress in rice breeding and genetic vulnerability in rice production has been witnessed since 1980s. Wild relatives of cultivated rice remain to be highly diversified and hold various genes conferring resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, thus providing a valuable gene pool for rice genetic improvement. More and more attentions have been paid to intro… 相似文献
14.
Local and exotic cowpea bradyrhizobial strains were examined for their effectiveness and competitive ability on the cultivated Vigna radiata (mungbean) variety NM-51. The seven most efficient N2-fixing strains were then evaluated for their competitiveness against two less effective strains in a pair-wise inoculation experiment. Nodule occupancy was determined using fluorescent antibodies. The most efficient strain, Vr-2, could not compete with less effective strains for nodule occupancy, so the biomass and N yield were low. Bradyrhizobial strain M-55 had good competitive ability, as it occupied almost 50% of nodules in comparison with less effective strains and improved the biomass and N yield of mungbean significantly. Competitiveness/compatibility is one of the vital parameters for the selection of inocula strains, therefore, M-55, K-92 and Vr-6 are recommended as good inocula of commercial quality because of their competitiveness along with their highly efficient N2-fixation. 相似文献
15.
Interaction of soil microbial communities and phosphorus fractions under long-term fertilization in paddy soil 
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下载免费PDF全文 Muhammad QASWAR Waqas AHMED HUANG Jing LIU Kai-lou ZHANG Lu HAN Tian-fu DU Jiang-xue Sehrish ALI Hafeez UR-RAHIM HUANG Qing-hai ZHANG Hui-min 《农业科学学报》2022,21(7):2134-2144
Understanding the impact of biological activities on the soil phosphorus (P) distribution under long-term fertilizer application can facilitate better soil P fertility management. Therefore, the primary objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of long-term (since 1981) fertilizer application on the soil P fractions and microbial community and to evaluate correlations between the microbial community structure and P distribution. The following treatments were implemented in a long-term field trial: no fertilization (CK), inorganic N and K (NK), inorganic P and K (PK), inorganic N, P and K (NPK) and manure+NPK (MNPK) fertilization. The study showed that the soil pH, soil organic carbon and total and available N and P concentrations were considerably higher in the MNPK treatment than in the CK treatment. The soil microbial biomass C, N and P concentrations were also significantly higher in the MNPK treatment than in the CK treatment. Among fertilization treatments, the β-1,4-glucosidase, α-1,4-glucosidase, urease, acid phosphatase and phosphodiesterase activities were the highest in the MNPK treatment. Compared to inorganic fertilization, the MNPK treatment increased the labile soil P fractions and decreased the residual soil P concentration. Continuous fertilization significantly affected the soil microbial composition. The total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) concentrations in the NK, PK, NPK and MNPK treatments were 23.3, 43.1, 48.7 and 87.7% higher, respectively, than in the CK treatment. A significant correlation was observed between the microbial community and soil P fractions. Moreover, the aggregated boosted tree (ABT) model showed that among the various soil biochemical properties, the total PLFA concentration was the factor that most influenced the active P pool, accounting for 35.4% of the relative influence of all soil biochemical properties examined. These findings reveal that combined manure and inorganic fertilizer application is a better approach than applying inorganic fertilizer alone for sustaining long-term P fertility by mediating soil biological activity. 相似文献
16.
Eva Johansson Ali Hafeez Malik Abrar Hussain Faiza Rasheed William R. Newson Tomas Plivelic Mikael S. Hedenqvist Mikael Gllstedt Ramune Kuktaite 《Cereal Chemistry》2013,90(4):367-376
For a number of applications, gluten protein polymer structures are of the highest importance in determining end‐use properties. The present article focuses on gluten protein structures in the wheat grain, genotype‐ and environment‐related changes, protein structures in various applications, and their impact on quality. Protein structures in mature wheat grain or flour are strongly related to end‐use properties, although influenced by genetic and environment interactions. Nitrogen availability during wheat development and genetically determined plant development rhythm are the most important parameters determining the gluten protein polymer structure, although temperature during plant development interacts with the impact of the mentioned parameters. Glutenin subunits are the main proteins incorporated in the gluten protein polymer in extracted wheat flour. During dough mixing, gliadins are also incorporated through disulfide‐sulfhydryl exchange reactions. Gluten protein polymer size and complexity in the mature grain and changes during dough formation are important for breadmaking quality. When using the gluten proteins to produce plastics, additional proteins are incorporated in the polymer through disulfide‐sulfhydryl exchange, sulfhydryl oxidation, β‐eliminations with lanthionine formation, and isopeptide formation. In promising materials, the protein polymer structure is changed toward β‐sheet structures of both intermolecular and extended type and a hexagonal close‐packed structure is found. Increased understanding of gluten protein polymer structures is extremely important to improve functionality and end‐use quality of wheat‐ and gluten‐based products. 相似文献
17.
Hafeez ur Rehman Hassan Iqbal Shahzad M A Basra Irfan Afzal Muhammad Farooq Abdul Wakeel WANG Ning 《农业科学学报》2015,14(9):1745-1754
Potential of seed priming treatments in improving the performance of early planted maize was evaluated against timely planting. Seeds of maize hybrid FH-810 were soaked in water(hydropriming), Ca Cl2(2.2%, osmopriming), moringa leaf extracts(MLE 3.3%, osmopriming) and salicylic acid(SA, 50 mg L–1, hormonal priming) each for 18 h. Untreated and hydroprimed seeds were taken as control. Seeds primed with SA took less time in emergence and had high vigor in early planted maize. Amongst treatments, hormonal priming, reduced the electrical conductivity, increased the leaf relative and chlorophyll contents followed by osmopriming with Ca Cl2 at seedling stage. Likewise, plant height, grain rows and 1 000-grain weight, grain and biological yield and harvest index were also improved by seed priming; however hormonal priming and osmopriming with MLE were more effective in this regard. Improved yield performance by hormonal priming or osmopriming with MLE in early planting primarily owed to increased leaf area index, crop growth and net assimilation rates, and maintenance of green leaf area at maturity. In conclusion, osmopriming with MLE and hormonal priming with SA were the most economical treatments in improving productivity of early planted spring maize through stimulation of early seedling growth at low temperature. 相似文献
18.
Ur Rehman Hafeez Kamran Muhammad Maqsood Ahmed Basra Shahzad Afzal Irfan Farooq Muhammad 《水稻科学》2015,22(4):189
Direct seeded rice is promising alternative to traditional transplanting, but requires appropriate crop and water management to maintain yield performance and achieve high water productivity. Present study evaluated the effect of seed priming and irrigation on crop establishment, tillering, agronomic traits, paddy yield, grain quality and water productivity of direct seeded rice in alternate wetting and drying(DSR-AWD) in comparison with direct seeded rice at field capacity(DSRFC). Seed priming treatments were osmo-priming with KCl(2.2%), Ca Cl2(2.2%) and moringa leaf extracts(MLE, 3.3%) including hydro-priming as control. Among the treatments, seed osmo-primed with MLE emerged earlier and had higher final emergence, followed by osmo-priming with Ca Cl2. Tillering emergence rate and number of tillers per plant were the highest for seed priming with Ca Cl2 in DSRAWD. Total productive and non-productive tillers, panicle length, biological and grain yields, harvest index were highest for seed priming with MLE or Ca Cl2 in DSR-AWD. Similarly, grain quality, estimated in terms of normal grains, abortive and chalky grains, was also the highest in DSR-AWD with MLE osmo-priming. Benefit cost ratio and water productivity was also the highest in DSR-AWD for seed priming with MLE. In conclusion, seed priming with MLE or Ca Cl2 can be successfully employed to improve the direct seeded rice performance when practiced with alternate wetting and drying irrigation. 相似文献
19.
A 15N isotope dilution technique was applied to quantify the extent of N2 fixation in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivars as influenced by Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strains in a field experiment in Pakistan. The experiment was conducted on a soil with a very small indigenous rhizobial population
and where N was a limiting factor for crop production. Significant variations in number of nodules, dry weight of nodules,
biomass yield, grain yield, total N yield, proportion of plant N derived from N2 fixation (Pfix) and amount of N derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa) were observed among combined treatments of four rhizobial strains and six lentil varieties. In a field previously labelled
with 15N, to which a basal dose of 75 kg P2O5 ha–1 was applied as single super phosphate, Ndfa ranged from 15 to 24 kg N ha–1 when calculated according to rhizobial strain and from 4 to 38 kg N ha–1 when calculated according to lentil variety. Lc 26 was the most effective strain and fixed 243% more N than the indigenous
population in the uninoculated control. In treatments with the lentil variety PL-406, Ndfa was 38 kg N ha–1, which was 850% higher than with the lentil variety Precoz/F6-20-1×M-85. Generally, the varieties with greater Pfix produced a higher dry matter yield.
Received: 26 May 1999 相似文献
20.
Farhan Hafeez Laurent Philippot Aymé Spor Fabrice Martin-Laurent 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(1):178-182