Systemic Immunosuppression by Methylprednisolone and Pregnancy Rates in Goats Undergoing the Transfer of Cloned Embryos     

C Feltrin  CA Cooper  N Mohamad‐Fauzi  VHV Rodrigues  LH Aguiar  S Gaudencio‐Neto  LT Martins  CEM Calderón  AS Morais  IS Carneiro  TM Almeida  ING Silva  JL Rodrigues  EA Maga  JD Murray  AB Libório  LR Bertolini  M Bertolini 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(4):648-656

The presence of the zona pellucida has been perceived as a requirement for the oviductal transfer of cloned embryos at early stages of development while protecting the embryo from an immune system response. We hypothesized that steroid hormone therapy could reduce a potential cellular immune response after the transfer of zona‐free cloned embryos into the oviduct of recipient female goats. In Experiment 1, seven does were used to study the systemic immunosuppressant effect of the methylprednisolone administration (for 3 days) on blood cell counts. Whole blood was collected prior to treatment with methyprednisolone and then on Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after the first dose of methylprednisolone for the analysis of haematological parameters. Methylprednisolone treatment significantly reduced circulating white blood cells and neutrophils in comparison with pre‐treatment levels, demonstrating a systemic immunosuppressant effect. In Experiment 2, a group of 58 does were used as recipient females to study the effect of administration of methylprednisolone for 3 days on the establishment of pregnancies after the transfer of zona‐free cloned embryos into the oviducts. No effects on pregnancy rates on Day 30 were observed regarding the distinct treatment groups (control vs. methylprednisolone), the source of oocytes (in vivo‐ vs in vitro‐matured) or the presence or absence of the zona pellucida in embryos. In summary, methylprednisolone was effective at inducing a systemic immunosuppressed state in goats, but the treatment prior to embryo transfer did not affect pregnancy rates. Moreover, pregnancy rates were similar between zona‐free and zona‐intact goat cloned embryos.  相似文献   

Sexual Precocity of Nellore Bulls that are Offspring of Super Precocious,Precocious and Normal Cows in Extensive Farming Conditions     

JB Siqueira  E Oba  RO Pinho  SEF Guimarães  TM Neto  JD Guimarães 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):851-857

The objective of this work was to verify that mothers classified as super precocious (M1) and precocious (M2) produce more precocious bulls than females classified as normal (M3). This study included 21 186 animals with an average age of 21.29 ± 1.77 months that underwent a breeding soundness evaluation from 1999 to 2008. Of these animals, 2019, 6059 and 13 108 were offspring of M1, M2 and M3 females, respectively. In the breeding soundness examination, the animals were classified as sound for reproduction, sound under a natural mating regime, unsound for reproduction and discarded. To compare the averages obtained for each category of mother within the individual breeding soundness classes, a chi‐square test with a 5% error probability was used, considering the effects of year and month of birth and farm. For the three classes of mothers (M1, M2 and M3), 67.26, 67.22 and 64.16% of bull calves were considered sound for reproduction and 19.71, 19.46 and 21.90% were considered unsound for reproduction, respectively. There was no difference in the frequency of animals that were sound for reproduction under the natural breeding regime between the three classes of mothers (8.87, 9.31 and 9.19%, respectively). There was a difference between the numbers of precocious and normal females that were discarded, with frequencies of 4.01 and 4.75%, respectively (p < 0.05). There were differences in year and month of birth and farm between super precocious and precocious cows in relation to the breeding soundness classification of the animals. It was concluded that the bull offspring of super precocious and precocious cows presented a higher percentage of approval in the breeding soundness examination than the bull offspring of normal cows, demonstrating that the selection for precocity of females has contributed to an increase in the sexual precocity of the herd in relation to the sexual maturity of bulls.  相似文献   

Galileo Gravity Results and the Internal Structure of Io     

JD Anderson  WL Sjogren  G Schubert 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5262):709-712

Doppler data generated with the Galileo spacecraft's radio carrier wave were used to measure Io's external gravitational field. The resulting triaxial field is consistent with the assumption that Io is in tidal and rotational equilibrium. The inescapable conclusion is that it has a large metallic core. If the core is a eutectic mixture of iron and iron sulfide, it comprises 20.2 ± 7.4 percent of the satellite's total mass with a radius that is about 52 percent of Io's mean radius of 1821.3 kilometers; if the core is pure iron, it comprises 10.5 ± 3.7 percent of the total mass with a radius of about 36 percent of the mean radius.  相似文献   

Radar detection of the nucleus and coma of comet hyakutake     

JK Harmon  SJ Ostro  LAM Benner  KD Rosema  RF Jurgens  R Winkler  DK Yeomans  D Choate  R Cormier  JD Giorgini  DL Mitchell  PW Chodas  R Rose  D Kelley  MA Slade  ML Thomas 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,278(5345):1921-1924

Radar observations of comet Hyakutake (C/1996 B2) made at the Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex in California have detected echoes from the nucleus and from large grains in the inner coma. The nucleus of this bright comet was estimated to be only 2 to 3 kilometers in diameter. Models of the coma echo indicate backscatter from porous, centimeter-size grains ejected anisotropically at velocities of tens of meters per second. The radar observations suggest that a comet's activity may be a poor indicator of its size and provide evidence that large grains constitute an important component of the mass loss from a typical active comet.  相似文献   

管道涂敷施工前表面处理研究     

Sidney A Taylor  BS ChE  MBA JD 《油气储运》2005,24(Z1)

通常情况下,管道涂敷商在涂敷新涂层之前,都要将管道表面处理到Sa 2.5级或者近白级,但是在施工现场却很难达到这一标准.讨论了旧涂层去除的常规方法、表面处理以及可预见的结果,并讨论了当前在表面处理方面的研究成果以及在涂层涂敷过程中二次生锈的各种影响.  相似文献   

Fossil Evidence for a Late Cretaceous Origin of "Hoofed" Mammals     

JD Archibald 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5265):1150-1153

Seventeen of eighteen orders of living placental mammals are not known before 65 million years ago. The monophyly of each order is well established, but interrelations have been less certain. A superordinal grouping of up to seven extant orders plus a variety of extinct orders, all included within Ungulata ("hoofed" mammals), can be linked to Late Cretaceous mammals from the 85-million-year-old Bissekty Formation, Uzbekistan (and, less certainly, North America and Europe), thus pushing the origin of this major clade back by 20 million years. Ungulatomorphs are not closely related to primates, rodents, or rabbits.  相似文献   

SURFACE TENSION BY THE RING METHOD     

Harkins WD  Jordan HF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1930,72(1855):73-75

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SURFACES OF SOLIDS IN SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. II     

Harkins WD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1945,102(2647):292-295

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Treatment of Animal Toxicoses: A Regulatory Perspective     

Susan J. Bright DVM  Michael J. Murphy DVM  JD  PhD  Janice C. Steinschneider MA  JD  Randall A. Lovell DVM  PhD  Lynn O. Post DVM  PhD  CAPT  USPHS 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2011,27(2):481-512

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Equine neural angiostrongylosis     

JD WRIGHT  WR KELLY†  J. HAMILTON  AH WADELL† 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(2):58-60

Verminous encephalomyelitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae was diagnosed in 2 foals at necropsy. The principal clinical feature was tetraparesis, although history and neurological examination revealed progressive and multifocal neurological disease. At presentation, a tentative diagnosis of parasitic larval migration involving the central nervous system (CNS), presumably due to Strongylus vulgaris, was proposed. Dissection of the spinal cord in one case resulted in recovery of intact larvae of both sexes of A. cantonensis. In both foals, histopathology of the brain and spinal cord revealed nematode sections which were consistent with A. cantonensis larvae.  相似文献