Fusion of Boar Sperm with Nanoliposomes Prepared from Synthetic Phospholipids          下载免费PDF全文

VR Kasimanickam  MM Buhr 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(4):461-466

Liposomes are artificial membrane vesicles that can be used to test and model the functions and interactions of various biological membranes, or as a carrier system to deliver biologically active substances into the cells, or to incorporate lipids into the plasma membrane of target cells to modify membrane structure–function relationships. Sperm plasma membrane undergoes lipid modification during maturation in epididymis and during capacitation in the female reproductive tract to facilitate fertilization. Natural variation in the amounts and composition of lipids in the sperm plasma membrane may also contribute to the species‐specific sperm sensitivities to handling and storage conditions. Boar sperm are notoriously susceptible to membrane damage and are resistant to compositional alteration by artificial liposomes. This study used flow cytometry to demonstrate stable incorporation of nanoliposomes prepared from a complex mixture of various phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine : phosphatidylethanolamine : sphingomyelin : phosphatidylserine : phosphatidylinositol) with high fusion efficiency. Over 90% of sperm rapidly took up fluorescently labelled liposomes and retained the lipids for at least 60 min, in a significant time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner. This unique fusion efficacy could be used to alter sperm plasma membrane composition and hence membrane‐based functional responses.  相似文献   

Intranasal administration of midazolam in blue‐and‐yellow macaws (Ara araruana): evaluation of sedative effects          下载免费PDF全文

Débora PH Schäffer  Ana Cláudia S Raposo  Fernanda A Libório  Renata MM Silva  Nayone LLC Araujo  Arianne P Oriá 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(4):459-460

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Comparative serological response in calves to eight commercial vaccines against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, bovine respiratory syncytial, and bovine viral diarrhea viruses   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Van Donkersgoed J  van den Hurk JV  McCartney D  Harland RJ 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1991,32(12):727-733

A field trial was conducted to compare the serological responses in calves to eight commercial vaccines against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV), parainfluenza-3 virus (PI3V), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and/or bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Calves given IBRV, P13V, BRSV, and BVDV vaccines had significantly higher antibodies to these viruses than unvaccinated controls; however, serological responses to killed BVDV vaccines were low. Calves with preexisting antibodies to IBRV, PI3V, BRSV, and the Singer strain of BVDV had lower seroconversion rates following vaccination than calves that were seronegative initially.

Serological responses in calves to IBRV, PI3V, BRSV, and BVDV differed among various commercial vaccines. Antibody titers to IBRV were higher in calves vaccinated with modified-live IBRV vaccines than in those vaccinated with killed IBRV vaccines. Following double vaccination with modified-live IBRV and PI3V vaccines, seroconversion rates and antibody titers to IBRV and PI3V were higher in calves vaccinated intramuscularly than in those vaccinated intranasally. Calves given Cattlemaster 4 had significantly higher titers to BRSV and PI3V, and lower titers to BVDV, than calves given Cattlemaster 3, suggesting that the addition of BRSV to Cattlemaster 4 caused some interaction among antigens.

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Saskatchewan. Haemophilus somnus myocarditis versus thrombotic meningoencephalitis in western Canada          下载免费PDF全文

Schuh J  Harland R 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1991,32(7):439

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Equine encephalitis caused by snowshoe hare (California serogroup) virus          下载免费PDF全文

Heath SE  Artsob H  Bell RJ  Harland RJ 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(8):669-671

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Relation between respiratory activity and sperm parameters in boar spermatozoa cryopreserved with alpha‐tocopherol and selected by Sephadex          下载免费PDF全文

MM Satorre  E Breininger  PD Cetica  M Córdoba 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(4):979-985

Our aim was to evaluate the effect of Sephadex filtration on respiratory activity of porcine spermatozoa and its relation with quality and functional sperm parameters. Samples were evaluated regarding oxygen uptake and sperm parameters: motility, plasma and acrosome membrane integrity, capacitation and acrosome reaction induction in vitro, plasma membrane functionality, determined by the hypo‐osmotic swelling test (HOST), and lipid peroxidation assessed by thiobarbituric acid assay. Sephadex filtration improved all routine quality parameters (motility, plasma and acrosome membrane integrity) and functional parameters (HOST, in vitro capacitation and true acrosome reaction levels) and produced a significant decrease in cryocapacitation and lipid peroxidation. Oxygen uptake increased in Sephadex samples (41 ± 7%) respect to single washing. Oxygen addition of carbonyl‐cyanide‐m‐chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) confirmed mitochondrial coupling in washed and Sephadex samples; showing an increase of 2.6 and 4.2 times for oxygen consumption in single washing and Sephadex ones, respectively. The increase in oxygen uptake with succinate addition with respect to basal oxygen uptake was significantly lower in Sephadex samples (63 ± 25%) than in the washed ones (183 ± 35%). Sephadex samples showed higher mitochondrial activity measured by oxygen consumption and improved quality and functional parameters. Our study recommends this protocol due to the fact that this filtration method removes dead or damaged spermatozoa allowing to obtain cryopreserved boar spermatozoa with optimized fertilizing capacity.  相似文献   

The chemistry of chromated copper arsenate III. Recovery of arsenic content from treatment plant sludges     

David C. Bull  Peter W. Harland 《Wood Science and Technology》2001,35(1-2):137-141

Chemical sludges from timber preservation with chromated copper arsenate are environmental hazards currently without any commercial value. A simple, inexpensive and efficient process to separate out the arsenate component of the sludges has been identified. The resulting solution can readily be used as a raw material for manufacturing new preservative. While some organic material does accompany the arsenate, this does not appear to have any detrimental effect on the product. The approach appears applicable to other chromated copper arsenate-contaminated wastes including treated wood wastes. Received 28 April 1999  相似文献   

Conversion of Cortisone to Cortisol and Prostaglandin F2α Production by the Reproductive Tract of Cows at the Late Luteal Stage In Vivo     

HT Duong  DJ Skarzynski  KK Piotrowska‐Tomala  MM Bah  K Jankowska  P Warmowski  K Łukasik  K Okuda  TJ Acosta 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(6):939-945

Previous in vitro studies demonstrated that bovine endometrium has the capacity to convert inactive cortisone to biologically active cortisol (Cr) and that Cr inhibits cytokine‐stimulated prostaglandin F_2α (PGF) production. This study was carried out to test the hypothesis that bovine reproductive tract has the capacity to convert cortisone to Cr in vivo and to evaluate the effects of intravaginal application of exogenous cortisone on uterine PGF secretion during the late luteal stage. The temporal relationships between PGF and Cr levels in uterine plasma were also determined. Catheters were inserted into jugular vein (JV), uterine vein (UV), vena cava caudalis (VCC) and aorta abdominalis (AA) of six cows on Day 15 of the oestrous cycle (ovulation = Day 0) for frequent blood collection. On Day 16, the cows were divided randomly into two groups and infused intravaginally with vaseline gel (10 ml; control; n = 3) or cortisone dissolved in vaseline gel (100 mg; n = 3). Blood samples were collected at ?2, ?1, ?0.5, 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h after treatments (0 h). Intravaginal application of cortisone increased plasma concentrations of Cr between 0.5 and 1.5 h in UV, at 0.5 h in VCC, at 1 h in JV and at 1.5 h in AA. The plasma concentrations of PGF in UV and of PGF metabolite in JV were greater at 0.5 and 1 h in the cortisone‐treated animals than in control animals. The levels of PGF in UV blood plasma decreased after Cr reached its highest levels. The overall findings suggest that the female reproductive tract has the capacity to convert cortisone to Cr in vivo. Based on the temporal changes of PGF and Cr levels in the uterine plasma, a biphasic response in PGF secretion was found to be associated to the Cr increase induced by the cortisone treatment at the late luteal stage in non‐pregnant cows.  相似文献   

Effects of Matrix Filtration of Low-Quality Boar Semen Doses on Sperm Quality     

E Bussalleu  E Pinart  MM Rivera  M Briz  S Sancho  M Yeste  I Casas  A Fàbrega  T Rigau  JE Rodriguez-Gil  S Bonet 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(3):499-503

The aim of this work was to develop a method to enhance the sperm parameters of ejaculates with low sperm quality from Piétrain boars. Seminal doses were filtered through columns of DEAE Sephadex (length 2.5 ± 0.5 cm), CM Sephadex (length 5 ± 0.5 cm), glass wool (length 2 ± 0.5 cm) or glass bead (length 10 ± 0.5 cm), with an exit flow rate of 1 ml/40 s in all cases. For each male, 10 ml of the sperm cell-rich fraction diluted at 1 : 6 were filtered. Sperm quality was assessed before and after filtration. Sperm morphology, sperm motility and sperm concentration were determined using the computer program sca ^® 2002 Production, and sperm viability was evaluated by fluorescence multistaining. Osmotic resistance test and hyperosmotic resistance test were used to determine the osmotic resistance of spermatozoa, whereas l -lactate production estimated the metabolic activity. Results showed a decrease of sperm concentration and osmotic resistance of spermatozoa after filtration in the four matrixes. However, an increase in the frequency of viable spermatozoa with intact acrosome after filtration in glass bead columns and an increase of morphologically normal spermatozoa after filtration in Sephadex CM-50, glass wool and glass bead columns were observed. Despite the decrease in the frequency of progressive motile spermatozoa, l -lactate production and mitochondrial sheath integrity maintained constant after filtration. Our findings indicate that column filtration is an effective method to enhance the sperm quality by selecting viable and morphologically normal spermatozoa without altering DNA, plasma membrane, mitochondrial sheath integrity or inducing premature acrosome reaction.  相似文献   

Clinical and Subclinical Endometritis in the Mare: Both Threats to Fertility     

MM LeBlanc  RC Causey 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S3):10-22

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