Supplementary feeding with thermally treated cereals in common carp (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cyprinus carpio</Emphasis> L.) pond farming and its effects on water quality,nutrient budget and zooplankton and zoobenthos assemblages     

David Hlaváč  Maria Anton-Pardo  Jan Másílko  Pavel Hartman  Ján Regenda  Pavel Vejsada  Marek Baxa  Libor Pechar  Olga Valentová  Lucie Všetičková  Bořek Drozd  Zdeněk Adámek 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(6):1681-1697

To test the influence of supplementary feeding with thermally treated cereals on nutrient budget and environmental and biotic variables, three different treatments were applied in four experimental ponds: two with thermally treated cereals, one with raw cereal and a control with no supplementary feeding. Water parameters, zooplankton and zoobenthos were analysed from May to October over two consecutive years (2012 and 2013). In addition, nitrogen and phosphorus budgets were calculated as the difference between input (feed, stocked fish) and output (harvested fish). The results showed that type of supplementary feed had no influence on water quality, aside from water transparency. Ponds with added thermally treated cereal had significantly (P < 0.05) lower turbidity and suspended solids (and increased Secchi depth) compared with control. While no significant differences were observed in zooplankton assemblages between the experimental ponds and the control, macrozoobenthos density and biomass were considerably lower in the control pond. High seasonal fluctuations resulted in significant differences in density in 2012 only. The use of thermally treated cereal led to improved carp growth and nutrient budget, with an increase in carp yield and nutrient removal per hectare of pond surface. This result is a win–win situation with 10 % lower feed conversion ratio, increased profits and lower environmental impact.  相似文献   

Calcium content in pond sediment and its effect on neutralizing capacity of water and fish production     

P. Hartman  M. Kutý  D. Hlaváč  J. Regenda  P. Vejsada 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(6):1747-1754

This paper deals with the assessment of the available insoluble calcium compounds in pond sediment and their conversion into soluble bicarbonate; its impact on the acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) or alkalinity of water and the influence of bioturbation by fish stock. The objective of the study was the assessment of the influence of different Ca contents in pond sediments of two groups of ponds: LCa (with a low content of available Ca) and HCa (with a high content of available calcium) on acid neutralizing capacity of water, conductivity and pH. In our experiments, the turbidity of water, content of chlorophyll, nutrients and natural gain of fish in general have been observed as well. The results revealed that ponds with a higher content of calcium with a mean concentration of 27.45 ± 7.9 mmol Ca/kg in dry matter reported a higher ANC (alkalinity; mean value of 2.31 ± 0.33 mmol/l); pH with smaller fluctuations (7.69 ± 0.37; p < 0.05) and higher average values of turbidity (30.9 ± 17.4 NTU) and conductivity of water (291 ± 40.5 μS/cm^?1; p < 0.01). Tight relations of the content of Ca in sediments and acid neutralizing capacity, conductivity and water pH during the growing season have been proven. The natural gain of fish was higher in the ponds with a higher content of available Ca in the sediment and a higher value of acid neutralizing capacity of water. The natural gain of fish was positively influenced also by a higher content of nutrients and chlorophyll, which was observed particularly in HCa ponds.  相似文献   

Soil respiration after slash and stump removal in three clear-cut areas with patch scarification and mounding     

Markus Hartman  Tanja Oksala  Hannu Ilvesniemi 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2019,34(4):282-288

We studied the soil carbon dioxide respiration (R_s) at three clear-cut mesic forest sites in south, central and north central Finland, which had been treated with different intensities of stump lifting and slash removal and then patch mounded and planted with spruce. The follow-up period after the initial calibration lasted for five consecutive years. Throughout the study the R_s remained at fairly steady levels according to the study site and soil disturbance level. Based on a split-plot test using the general linear model there were no significant differences in the R_s between the different stump and slash removal treatments at the three study sites, but unaffected and moderately affected soil surfaces had significantly higher R_s than mounds and wheel ruts. We conclude that the removal of stumps and slash have minor direct effects on R_s, but large indirect effects through soil disturbance.  相似文献   

Atlas en couleurs d'anatomie des bovins. Splanchnologie: C. Pavaux. Maloine s.a., Paris, 1982, 167 pp., 220 photographs,Fr.fr. 198, ISBN 2-224-00758-2.     

W. Hartman 《Livestock Production Science》1983,10(1):91-92

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Image processing methods for quantitatively detecting soybean rust from multispectral images     

Di Cui  Qin Zhang  Minzan Li  Glen L. Hartman  Youfu Zhao 《Biosystems Engineering》2010,107(3):186-193

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HTRA1 promoter polymorphism in wet age-related macular degeneration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dewan A  Liu M  Hartman S  Zhang SS  Liu DT  Zhao C  Tam PO  Chan WM  Lam DS  Snyder M  Barnstable C  Pang CP  Hoh J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5801):989-992

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the most common cause of irreversible vision loss in individuals aged older than 50 years, is classified as either wet (neovascular) or dry (nonneovascular). Inherited variation in the complement factor H gene is a major risk factor for drusen in dry AMD. Here we report that a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of HTRA1, a serine protease gene on chromosome 10q26, is a major genetic risk factor for wet AMD. A whole-genome association mapping strategy was applied to a Chinese population, yielding a P value of <10(-11). Individuals with the risk-associated genotype were estimated to have a likelihood of developing wet AMD 10 times that of individuals with the wild-type genotype.  相似文献   

A SUMOylation-dependent transcriptional subprogram is required for Myc-driven tumorigenesis     

Kessler JD  Kahle KT  Sun T  Meerbrey KL  Schlabach MR  Schmitt EM  Skinner SO  Xu Q  Li MZ  Hartman ZC  Rao M  Yu P  Dominguez-Vidana R  Liang AC  Solimini NL  Bernardi RJ  Yu B  Hsu T  Golding I  Luo J  Osborne CK  Creighton CJ  Hilsenbeck SG  Schiff R  Shaw CA  Elledge SJ  Westbrook TF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6066):348-353

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The detection and characterization of a nontransiting planet by transit timing variations     

Nesvorný D  Kipping DM  Buchhave LA  Bakos GÁ  Hartman J  Schmitt AR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6085):1133-1136

The Kepler mission is monitoring the brightness of ~150,000 stars, searching for evidence of planetary transits. As part of the Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK) project, we report a planetary system with two confirmed planets and one candidate planet discovered with the publicly available data for KOI-872. Planet b transits the host star with a period P(b) = 33.6 days and exhibits large transit timing variations indicative of a perturber. Dynamical modeling uniquely detects an outer nontransiting planet c near the 5:3 resonance (P(c) = 57.0 days) with a mass 0.37 times that of Jupiter. Transits of a third planetary candidate are also found: a 1.7-Earth radius super-Earth with a 6.8-day period. Our analysis indicates a system with nearly coplanar and circular orbits, reminiscent of the orderly arrangement within the solar system.  相似文献   

Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in sediment and fish from Wetlands in the north central United States     

D B Martin  W A Hartman 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1985,68(4):712-717

Sediment samples collected in 1980-1982 from riverine and pothole wetlands at 17 locations in the north central United States were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, certain of their metabolites, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Concentrations were above minimum detection levels (5 ng/g of organochlorines and 20 ng/g of PCBs) in less than 4% of the samples taken. Fish samples taken at 9 of these 17 locations, and analyzed for the same compounds, showed a higher frequency of detectable contaminants. The most common compound found in fish was DDE, which was found in 51% of the samples at levels up to 512 ng/g. alpha-BHC was present at concentrations of 5 to 27 ng/g in 36% of the fish samples, and DDD was found at levels of 5 to 60 ng/g in 14%. Four other compounds, DDT, dieldrin, PCB, and trans-nonachlor, were detected in fish at relatively low concentrations in less than 10% of the samples. This survey, thus, indicated little contamination by organochlorine pesticides or PCBs in the wetland habitats of this region.  相似文献   

Cardiac myosin activation: a potential therapeutic approach for systolic heart failure     

Malik FI  Hartman JJ  Elias KA  Morgan BP  Rodriguez H  Brejc K  Anderson RL  Sueoka SH  Lee KH  Finer JT  Sakowicz R  Baliga R  Cox DR  Garard M  Godinez G  Kawas R  Kraynack E  Lenzi D  Lu PP  Muci A  Niu C  Qian X  Pierce DW  Pokrovskii M  Suehiro I  Sylvester S  Tochimoto T  Valdez C  Wang W  Katori T  Kass DA  Shen YT  Vatner SF  Morgans DJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6023):1439-1443

Decreased cardiac contractility is a central feature of systolic heart failure. Existing drugs increase cardiac contractility indirectly through signaling cascades but are limited by their mechanism-related adverse effects. To avoid these limitations, we previously developed omecamtiv mecarbil, a small-molecule, direct activator of cardiac myosin. Here, we show that it binds to the myosin catalytic domain and operates by an allosteric mechanism to increase the transition rate of myosin into the strongly actin-bound force-generating state. Paradoxically, it inhibits adenosine 5'-triphosphate turnover in the absence of actin, which suggests that it stabilizes an actin-bound conformation of myosin. In animal models, omecamtiv mecarbil increases cardiac function by increasing the duration of ejection without changing the rates of contraction. Cardiac myosin activation may provide a new therapeutic approach for systolic heart failure.  相似文献