Corneal endothelium of the Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) by scanning electron microscopy.     

Jo?o A T Pigatto  José L Laus  Jaime M Santos  Cristine Cerva  Luciana S Cunha  Valéria Ruoppolo  Paulo S M Barros 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2005,36(4):702-705

The corneal endothelium is essential for the maintenance of the corneal transparency. The aim of this study was to examine the morphology of the endothelial surface and perform morphometric analysis of the normal corneal endothelial cells of the Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) using scanning electron microscopy. The present work demonstrates that the corneal endothelium of the Magellanic penguin is similar to those described in other vertebrates.  相似文献   

Spatial Concepts in Landscape Analysis and Policy: Some Implications of Globalisation     

Simon Swaffield  J?rgen Primdahl 《Landscape Ecology》2005,20(6):773

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Chromosome analysis of Proteocephalus osculatus (Cestoda: Proteocephalidea).     

R Petkevici?té 《Folia parasitologica》2001,48(2):159-161

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Emended descriptions of indole negative and indole positive isolates of Brachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriae     

Fellström C  Karlsson M  Pettersson B  Zimmerman U  Gunnarsson A  Aspan A 《Veterinary microbiology》1999,70(3-4):225-238

Two type/reference strains of Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae, 14 Belgian and German indole negative, and 14 Belgian, German and Swedish indole positive field isolates of strongly β-haemolytic intestinal spirochaetes were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns, biochemical reaction patterns, 16S rDNA sequences and MIC determinations of six antibacterial substances. Three tests for indole production, including a spot indole test, were compared with congruent results. All field isolates were classified as B. hyodysenteriae due to a high genetic and phenotypic similarity with the type strains. The Belgian and German indole negative isolates had identical and unique PFGE patterns for the tested restriction enzymes MluI and SalI, as well as identical 16S rDNA sequences, and they could not be differentiated by any of the methods used. Seven unique PFGE patterns were achieved from the 14 indole positive field isolates. The patterns were identical and unique for epidemiologically related isolates. Type/reference strains and isolates without known relation to other tested isolates showed unique banding patterns. The MICs of tylosin, tiamulin, erythromycin, clindamycin, carbadox and virginiamycin were determined in broth for all isolates. In contrast to Belgian and German isolates, the majority of the Swedish field isolates were susceptible to tylosin, erythromycin and clindamycin. Probable pathways of infection for some of the Swedish isolates were determined. The PFGE patterns of epidemic clones of B. hyodysenteriae remained stable for a period of up to 8 years. In vivo development of resistance to macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics due to use of tylosin was clearly indicated for two epidemic clones.  相似文献   

Auscultation in mild mitral regurgitation in dogs: observer variation, effects of physical maneuvers, and agreement with color Doppler echocardiography and phonocardiography     

Pedersen HD  Häggström J  Falk T  Mow T  Olsen LH  Iversen L  Jensen AL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1999,13(1):56-64

Observer variation in diagnosing mild mitral regurgitation in dogs by cardiac auscultation was assessed by having 6 veterinarians with different levels of experience examine 57 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Comparisons with color Doppler echocardiography and phonocardiography were made, and the effects of 2 physical maneuvers on the auscultatory findings were evaluated. Using mildly diseased dogs, interobserver agreement in diagnosing the presence or absence of left-sided murmurs ranged from 63% to 88%. The agreement with phonocardiography (range, 53-91%) increased with the amount of observer experience. The 2 most experienced observers could discern soft ejection murmurs from regurgitant murmurs and were able to diagnose 89% of the dogs with regurgitant jets larger than 30% of the left atrial area. In general, less experienced observers diagnosed most jets larger than 50%. In many dogs with small jets, no murmur was found by auscultation and phonocardiography. The audibility of mild regurgitation was significantly reduced in dogs that were difficult to auscultate. Early systolic murmurs were typical of mild regurgitation, whereas holosystolic murmurs typified severe regurgitation. In a few dogs, late systolic murmurs alternated with holosystolic murmurs. Systolic clicks were found phonocardiographically in 18 dogs with mild to moderate regurgitation, but the audibility apparently was low. In many mildly affected dogs, physical maneuvers increased murmur intensity. Thus, some form of dynamic auscultation might facilitate the diagnosis of mild regurgitation. Auscultatory findings in mild regurgitation appear to depend on observer experience, circulatory status, and how difficult the dog is to auscultate.  相似文献   

TGF-beta3 exists in bony fish     

Laing KJ  Pilström L  Cunningham C  Secombes CJ 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1999,72(1-2):45-53

A partial nucleotide sequence of transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-beta3) has been isolated from the Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla), confirming a ubiquitous presence in the ray-finned (Actinopterygian) bony fish. The bony fish TGF-beta3 is highly conserved, with some 83-84% nucleotide identity (coding region) and 90-95% predicted amino acid identity to known homeotherm TGF-beta3's. Far lower homologies are apparent with other known TGF-beta isoforms in fish (e.g. 64-66% and 81-82% amino acid identity to trout TGF-beta 1/5 and carp TGF-beta2 respectively). Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the fish TGF-beta3's clustered with the known homeotherm TGF-beta3's. The relatively tight clustering of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta3 was in contrast to the TGF-beta5's, which are clearly a more heterogenous group.  相似文献   

Regulation by gonadal steroids of estrogen and progesterone receptors along the reproductive tract in female lambs.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

A Meikle  EG Garófalo  M Rodríguez-Pi?ón  C Tasende  L Sahlin 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2001,42(1):161-169

The regulation of estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER, PR) expression by estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) in the oviduct, uterus and cervix of female lambs was studied. The animals received three intramuscular injections of E2, P4 or vehicle with an interval of 24 h and they were slaugthered 24 h after the third injection. Determinations of ER and PR were performed by binding assays and mRNAs of ER alpha and PR by solution hybridization. High levels of ER and PR in both cervix and oviduct were found in the female lamb, differing from other mammalian species. No significant effects by either E2 or P4 treatment on ER and PR levels in the cervix and oviduct could be observed. E2 treatment increased the mRNA levels of ERa and PR more than 3-fold in the cervix, while P4 treatment increased the mRNA levels of ERa and PR in the uterus. The results show differential effects of gonadal steroids on sex steroid receptor expression along the reproductive tract in female lambs, suggesting that steroid target tissues can modulate responses to the same circulating levels of steroid hormones.  相似文献   

An air gun projectile in the ureter of a cat     

H R?cken 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1986,99(11):374-376

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CO2-stunning of swine for slaughter from the anesthesiological viewpoint     

W Erhardt  C Ring  H Kraft  A Schmid  H M Weinmann  R Ebert  B Schl?ger  M Schindele  R Heinze  N Lomholt 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1989,96(3):92-99

For investigations of CO2-stunning of feeder- and slaughter-pigs parameters of behaviour, blood-gas-analyses and electroencephalograms were chosen. The following results were obtained: 1. Blood-gas-analyses proved that the CO2-stunning does not produce unconsciousness due to a lack of oxygen. 2. The criterias of general anaesthesia: unconsciousness, muscle-relaxation and analgesia with total reversibility could be confirmed. 3. The violent convulsive symptoms were evaluated as reactions identical with the stage II of GUEDEL's scheme of anaesthesia. 4. Muscular agitation, which sometimes appeared a few seconds before the stage of excitation, was judged to belong either to the start of the excitation phase or to the end of Guedel's stage of analgesia, during which the sensitivity is decreased. Neither study of behavior nor objective measurements showed, during the first 10 to 20 seconds of exposure to the CO2, any sign of pain or suffering related to the Act for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and accordingly such suffering should not be ascribed to the CO2 stunning method.  相似文献   

Abscess forming mandibular osteomyelitis following actinomycosis     

K Nuss  E Sch?ffer  R G K?stlin 《Tier?rztliche Praxis》1989,17(1):15, 109-15, 111

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