In this study, the information needs of non-industrial private forest owners in Finland, after logging operations, were investigated. The study was carried out as an online survey in 2017. The survey was targeted at non-industrial private forest owners who had sold their timber during the previous 10 years (2008–2017) and whose email addresses were in the customer relationship management system of a large wood procurement company in Finland. A response link for the survey was successfully sent to 31,988 forest owners, of whom 3323 replied (response rate: 10.4%). The final study data included 3284 non-industrial private forest owners. The results of the study, which need to be interpreted cautiously due to the low response rate, showed that the forest owners want better-quality reporting after logging operations. Furthermore, the results suggested that gender, age, education, occupational status, place of living, size of, and access to, forest property, and length of, and objectives for, forest ownership have a significant effect on their information needs. Younger, highly-educated, female, urban-living and multi-objective forest owners with larger forest holdings and short forest ownership tenures desired more information. Particularly, the respondents conveyed that they would like more and better information about thinning harvesting result. The results also indicated that when different groups of forest owners call for certain information, there is a need for producing different types of reports after logging operations for different forest owner segments.
Compact growth is an important quality criterion in horticulture. Many Campanula species and cultivars exhibit elongated growth which is suppressed by chemical retardation and cultural practice during production to accommodate to the consumer’s desire. The production of compact plants via transformation with wild type Agrobacterium rhizogenes is an approach with great potential to produce plants that are non-GMO. Efficient transformation and regeneration procedures vary widely among both plant genera and species. Here we present a transformation protocol for Campanula. Hairy roots were produced on 26–90% of the petioles that were used for transformation of C. portenschlagiana (Cp), a C. takesimana × C. punctata hybrid (Chybr) and C. glomerata (Cg). Isolated hairy roots grew autonomously and vigorously without added hormones. The Cg hairy roots produced chlorophyll and generated plantlets in response to treatments with cytokinin (42 µM 2iP) and auxin (0.67 µM NAA). In contrast, regeneration attempts of transformed Cp and Chybr roots lead neither to the production of chlorophyll nor to the regeneration of shoots. Agropine A. rhizogenes strains integrate split T-DNA in TL- and TR-DNA fragments into the plant genome. In this study, regenerated plants of Cg did not contain TR-DNA, indicating that a selective pressure against this T-DNA fragment may exist in Campanula. 相似文献
以淮北地区有代表性的34个中熟中粳品种为试材,设置7个氮肥水平(0、150.0、187.5、225.0、262.5、300.0、337.5 kg hm~(–2)),得出各品种的最高产量,将该最高产量定义为氮肥群体最高生产力。在此基础上,明确处于顶层水平(≥10.50 t hm~(–2))、高层水平(9.75~10.50 t hm~(–2))、中层水平(9.00~9.75 t hm~(–2))和底层水平(≤9.00 t hm~(–2))水稻品种的钾素积累、分配及转运特征。结果表明,4个生产力等级水稻品种地上部植株、茎鞘和叶片的含钾率在拔节期最高;抽穗期顶层水平品种的这3个参数高于其他3个等级的品种;穗部含钾率差异不显著。随着氮肥群体生产力等级的提高,钾素总积累量增多;拔节前底层水平钾素积累量最多,两年平均为120.56 kg hm~(–2),比例占50.56%,顶层水平为最少,两年平均为108.02 kg hm~(–2),比例占35.99%;拔节至抽穗期和抽穗至成熟期顶层水平钾素阶段积累量及比例显著高于其他3个等级。移栽至拔节期,钾素积累速率为中层底层高层顶层水平,拔节后则为顶层高层中层底层水平。叶片的钾素转运量及转运率明显高于茎鞘;顶层水平叶片的钾素转运量高于其他3个等级,高层水平叶片的转运率最高;穗部增加量随生产力等级的递增而变大;抽穗到成熟期,茎鞘、叶片对穗的钾素转运贡献率表现为底层最高,中层次之,顶层最低。4个等级水稻品种籽粒生产率和百千克籽粒吸钾量差异不显著;钾素偏生产力和钾收获指数均表现为顶层高层中层底层水平。总之,氮肥群体最高生产力越高,水稻中后期植株钾素积累量及器官对钾素的吸收利用效率越显著。抽穗后保持较高的钾素吸收利用及转运效率是高产水稻品种的重要特征。 相似文献
In a six-year crop rotation trial organically and integrated grown vegetables were produced according to current good agricultural practices, taking quality and quantity aspects into consideration. The raw materials assessed focussed on materials used for industrial food production. Nutritional, sensory and agricultural aspects were evaluated. Carrot, cabbage, onion, pea and potato are possible to grow organically for industrial purposes. Depending on crop, the yield was lower (65-90%) for organically grown compared to integrated grown. Cultivation of organic spinach and dill turned out to be difficult due to problems with weed and discoloration. The chemical analyses included pesticide residues, nitrate, glycoalkaloid, dry matter, vitamin C and 25 different minerals and trace elements. Overall, the organically grown crops had higher dry matter content than the integrated grown. However, when examining the data for the different crops contradictory results were noted. No significant differences due to growing system were noticed for vitamin C and the other nutrients except for 4 of the trace elements. The growing system did not influence the sensory properties. 相似文献
Conidiobolus coronatus is one of the most commonly identified upper respiratory fungal pathogens in horses. This article includes a review of clinical signs, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes in previously reported cases of equine conidiobolomycosis, as well as six additional cases seen at our hospital. Each of the six horses presented with a complaint of serosanguinous or haemorrhagic nasal discharge and conidiobolomycosis was confirmed by histopathology and fungal culture. Five horses recovered after administration of antifungal drugs alone (n = 4) or in combination with extensive nasal septum resection (n = 1). Surgical treatment alone was ineffective. One horse was euthanised without treatment because of the extent of the disease. 相似文献