Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Prebiotic Potential of Ascophyllum nodosum and Its Extracts Using Selected Bacterial Members of the Pig Gastrointestinal Microbiota     

Brigkita Venardou  John V. O&#x;Doherty  Marco Garcia-Vaquero  Claire Kiely  Gaurav Rajauria  Mary J. McDonnell  Marion T. Ryan  Torres Sweeney 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)

Ascophyllum nodosum and its extracts are promising antibacterial and prebiotic dietary supplements for pigs. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of the increasing concentrations of: (1) two whole biomass samples of A. nodosum with different harvest seasons, February (ANWB-F) and November (ANWB-N), in a weaned pig faecal batch fermentation assay, and (2) A. nodosum extracts produced using four different extraction conditions of a hydrothermal-assisted extraction methodology (ANE1–4) and conventional extraction methods with water (ANWE) and ethanol (ANEE) as solvent in individual pure culture growth assays using a panel of beneficial and pathogenic bacterial strains. In the batch fermentation assay, ANWB-F reduced Bifidobacterium spp. counts (p < 0.05) while ANWB-N increased total bacterial counts and reduced Bifidobacterium spp. and Enterobacteriaceae counts (p < 0.05). Of the ANE1–4, produced from ANWB-F, ANWE and ANEE that were evaluated in the pure culture growth assays, the most interesting extracts were the ANE1 that reduced Salmonella Typhimurium, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and B. thermophilum counts and the ANE4 that stimulated B. thermophilum growth (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the extraction method and conditions influenced the bioactivities of the A. nodosum extracts with ANE1 and ANE4 exhibiting distinct antibacterial and prebiotic properties in vitro, respectively, that merit further exploration.  相似文献   

Rundschau     

Marion Morgner 《Journal of pest science》1998,71(1):23-24

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Rundschau     

Marion Morgner  Bärbel Brettschneider 《Journal of pest science》1998,71(2):39-40

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

GIS‐based regionalization of soil profiles with Classification and Regression Trees (CART)     

Marion Mertens  Inga Nestler  Bernd Huwe 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2002,165(1):39-43

A map of soil texture profiles was derived from readily available spatial data in combination with information from soil profiles using CART (classification and regression trees). The primary purpose was to provide a regionalized predictor for the vertical hydraulic conductivity profiles to be used as an input variable to an evapo‐transpiration model. In contrast to former studies, the texture of 110 soil profiles taken in the 10 km² area was not averaged vertically but the profiles were grouped according to their hydraulic properties. Therefore, it was possible to include site specific profiles, e.g. with histic or argillic horizons. Despite of small sampling quantities (110 soil profiles grouped into 8 classes) a prediction probability of 60 to 70 % was achieved in most classes. The resulting map provides valuable information for the granulometric and hydrologic characterization of the study area.<?show $6#>  相似文献   

Common trends in recruitment dynamics of north‐east Atlantic fish stocks and their links to environment,ecology and management     

Fabian Zimmermann  Marion Claireaux  Katja Enberg 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(3):518-536

Recruitment dynamics are challenging to assess or predict because of the many underlying drivers that vary in their relevance over time and space. Stock size, demographic and trait composition, condition and distribution of spawning fish and the spatio‐temporal dynamics of trophic and environmental interactions all influence recruitment processes. Exploring common patterns among stocks and linking them to potential drivers may therefore provide insights into key mechanisms of recruitment dynamics. Here, we analysed stock‐recruitment data of 64 stocks from the north‐east Atlantic Ocean for common trends in variation and synchrony among stocks using correlation, cluster and dynamic factor analyses. We tested common trends in recruitment success for relationships with large‐scale environmental processes as well as stock state indicators, and we explored links between recruitment success and demographic, environmental and ecological variables for a subset of individual stocks. The results revealed few statistically significant correlations between stocks but showed that underlying common trends in recruitment success are linked to environmental indices and management indicators. Statistical analyses confirmed previously suggested relationships of environmental–ecological factors such as the subpolar gyre and Norwegian coastal current with specific stocks, and indicated a large relevance of spawning stock biomass and demographics, as well as predation, whereas other suggested relationships were not supported by the data. Our study shows that despite persistent challenges in determining drivers of recruitment due to poor data quality and unclear mechanisms, combining different data analysis techniques can improve our understanding of recruitment dynamics in fish stocks.  相似文献   

Real-time RT-PCR detection of Citrus bark cracking viroid (CBCVd) in hops including an mRNA-based internal positive control     

Seigner  Luitgardis  Liebrecht  Marion  Keckel  Linda  Einberger  Katharina  Absmeier  Carolin 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2020,127(6):763-767

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Citrus bark cracking viroid (CBCVd), formerly known as pathogen in the genus Citrus and first detected in Slovenian hops in 2014, threatens hop production...  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical characterization of inflammatory cell populations and adhesion molecule expression in synovial membranes from dogs with spontaneous cranial cruciate ligament rupture     

Lemburg AK  Meyer-Lindenberg A  Hewicker-Trautwein M 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2004,97(3-4):231-240

This study describes the distribution of CD4+ and CD8alpha+ T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, macrophages, MHC class II antigens, immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA)-containing cells and of adhesion molecules belonging to the CD11/CD18 family in synovial membrane biopsies from 28 dogs with spontaneous rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL). Synovial membranes from 11 dogs without evidence of joint lesions were used as control tissues. The main cell types in synovial membranes from dogs with CCL rupture were B lymphocytes and plasma cells belonging to the IgG isotype. The severity of inflammatory cell infiltration in CCL cases was positively correlated with the expression of adhesion molecules. Double immunofluorescence labelling of frozen sections revealed that in the inflamed synovium of dogs with CCL rupture numerous dendritic cells expressing MHC class II antigen and canine CD1c were present. The findings further support the view that in the synovium of dogs with CCL rupture an immunologic response is going on in which dendritic cells are possibly involved by presenting hitherto unknown antigens to T lymphocytes.  相似文献   

Growth hormone increases Stat5 and Stat1 expression in lactating goat mammary gland: a specific effect compared to milking frequency     

Boutinaud M  Jammes H 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2004,27(4):363-378

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Purification and structural characterization of LTP1 polypeptides from beer   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Jégou S  Douliez JP  Mollé D  Boivin P  Marion D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(10):5023-5029

We report on the purification of lipid transfer proteins (LTP) from barley seeds and beer with the aim of investigating the chemical modifications that occur during the brewing process. In seeds, the well-known LTP of 9 kDa (LTP1) has been found together with a second form named LTPb that displays comparable amino acid composition but was not fully sequenced. These two forms have been recovered in beer with marked chemical modifications including disulfide bond reduction and rearrangement and especially glycation by Maillard reaction. The glycation is heterogeneous with variable amounts of hexose units bound to LTPs. Circular dichroism shows that glycated LTP1 having all their disulfide bridges reduced are totally unfolded. These results provide a first basis for understanding how barley LTPs become foam-promoting agents during the malting and brewing process.  相似文献   

Passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulin G in neonatal llamas and alpacas     

Weaver DM  Tyler JW  Scott MA  Wallace LM  Marion RS  Holle JM 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(7):738-741

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate precolostral hypogammaglobulinemia in neonatal llamas and alpacas, to determine when postcolostral peak serum IgG concentrations develop, to determine whether differences in postcolostral serum IgG concentrations between llamas and alpacas exist, and to determine postcolostral half-life of serum IgG in llamas and alpacas. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. ANIMALS: 29 llama and 10 alpaca crias. PROCEDURE: Blood samples were collected prior to suckling and on days 1, 2, and 3 after parturition and analyzed for serum IgG concentration by use of a commercial radial immunodiffusion assay. Additional samples were collected on days 8, 13, and 18 from 8 crias to determine mean half-life of IgG. RESULTS: Llamas and alpacas are born severely hypogammaglobulinemic. Mean serum IgG concentrations for day-1, -2, and -3 samples for llamas were 1,578 mg/dl, 1,579 mg/dl, and 1,401 mg/dl, respectively, and for alpacas were 2,024 mg/dl, 1,806 mg/dl, and 1,669 mg/dl, respectively. Peak serum immunoglobulin concentration developed between days 1 and 2. Mean half-life of IgG for all crias was 15.7 days. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Although increased mortality has been linked to failure of passive transfer, it is clearly possible to raise crias that have low serum immunoglobulin concentrations. Llamas and alpacas do not differ significantly with respect to immunoglobulin absorption or IgG concentration in neonates. The optimal sampling time for passive transfer status is between 1 and 2 days.  相似文献