Regional differences of pheromone production in the sebaceous glands of castrated goats treated with testosterone     

Wakabayashi Y  Iwata E  Kikusui T  Takeuch Y  Mori Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(10):1067-1072

The primer pheromone is responsible for the "male effects" in goats and produced in the sebaceous glands testosterone-dependently. In the present study, the responses of sebaceous glands obtained from the head and rump regions of castrated goats were examined by our bioassay system after testosterone treatment to demonstrate the presence of regional differences in the pheromone production in male goats. The testosterone treatment resulted in the marked development of sebaceous glands and the induction of pheromone bioactivity in the head region of the goats. On the contrary, this treatment brought neither development of the sebaceous glands nor induction of pheromone bioactivity in the rump region. The treatment increased immunoreactivities to androgen receptors (AR) and 5alpha-reductase in the sebaceous glands of both regions, although the activities were more apparent in the head region than the rump region. These findings suggest that the primer pheromone of male goats is produced specifically in the sebaceous glands of the head region due partly to regional differences in the expression of AR and 5alpha-reductase mediating testosterone bioactivities.  相似文献   

Responses to the Standard for Exchange of Nonclinical Data (SEND) in non-US countries     

Takayuki Anzai  Masamichi Kaminishi  Keizo Sato  Laura Kaufman  Hijiri Iwata  Dai Nakae 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2015,28(2):57-64

The Standard for the Exchange of Nonclinical Data (SEND), adopted by the US FDA, is part of a set of regulations and guidances requiring the submission of standardized electronic study data for nonclinical and clinical data submissions. SEND is the nonclinical implementation of SDTM (Study Data Tabulation Model), the standard electronic format for clinical regulatory submissions to FDA. SEND, SDTM, and the associated Controlled Terminology have been developed by CDISC (Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium). In order to successfully implement SEND, interdisciplinary contributions between sponsors and CROs, need a model for task allocation. This is being undertaken by the Pharmaceutical Users Software Exchange (PhUSE). Because SEND is currently the preferred submission format of the US FDA only and will become required by it starting in December 2016, only American academic societies and companies are actively involved. An exception to this is the INHAND initiative, which leads the way in standardizing terminology for toxicological pathology. On the other hand, international globalization of other clinical and nonclinical practices is not feasible because there are substantial differences between the US and non-US countries in CRO involvement in drug development. Thus, non-US countries must consider and develop approaches to SEND that meet their needs. This paper summarizes the activities of the major organizations involved in SEND development and implementation, discusses the effective use of SEND, and details a compliance scheme (research material of the Showa University School of Medicine) illustrating how pharmaceutical companies can complete a large amount of work up to an FDA application with the effective utilization of CROs and solution providers.  相似文献   

Maternal Liver Damage Delays Meiotic Resumption in Bovine Oocytes through Impairment of Signalling Cascades Originated from Low p38MAPK Activity in Cumulus Cells     

H Tanaka  S Takeo  Y Monji  T Kuwayama  H Iwata 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(1):101-108

The main objective of the present study is to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the delay in progression of nuclear maturation in oocytes derived from cows with damaged livers (DL cows), which was previously reported. In present study, delayed progression of nuclear maturation of oocytes derived from DL cows relative to oocytes derived from cows with healthy livers (HL cows) was accompanied by low maturation promoting factor (MPF) activity (0.43 fold, p < 0.05). When cumulus cells were removed from cumulus‐oocyte complexes and the denuded oocytes were cultured, there was no difference in the progression of nuclear maturation between the two liver conditions. In addition, gap junctional communication (GJC) between the oocyte and cumulus cells was higher in DL cows than in HL cows at 3 and 7 h of in vitro maturation (IVM) (p < 0.05). Supplementation of IVM medium with epidermal growth factor (EGF) increased the ratio of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) of oocytes derived from DL cows to the level seen in oocytes derived from HL cows. Additionally, the level of p38MAPK phosphorylation at 0 h of IVM was significantly lower in cumulus cells derived from DL cows than in cumulus cells derived from HL cows (HL cows, 53.5%; DL cows, 28.9%; p < 0.05). Thus, a low level of p38MAPK phosphorylation in cumulus cells induced slow GJC closure between oocyte and cumulus cells, which resulted in slow meiotic maturation of oocytes derived from DL cows.  相似文献   

Accumulation of organotin compounds and marine birnavirus detection in Korean ascidians   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kaoru Azumi  Shinji Nakamura  Shin-Ichi Kitamura  Sung-Ju Jung  Keisuke Kanehira  Hisato Iwata  Shinsuke Tanabe  Satoru Suzuki 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(2):263-269

ABSTRACT:   Recently, a serious disease spread extensively in aquaculture sites of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi in Korea. To understand circumstances of ascidians in Korean aquaculture sites, residue levels of organotin compounds were analyzed, and detection of a marine birnavirus (MABV) in tissues of H. roretzi was attempted. Korean H. roretzi showed high concentrations of butyltins (mono, di, and tributyltins), especially in the gill, hepatopancreas, and digestive tract. However, there was no significant difference in the residues of butyltins in the hepatopancreas between diseased and non-diseased ascidians. The positive rate of MABV detection was high in the hepatopancreas, but also no significant difference was observed between diseased and non-diseased individuals. These observations suggest that an accumulation of tributyltin and a latency of MABV in H. roretzi tissues does not directly relate to the occurrence of the disease.  相似文献   

QTL analysis of photoperiod sensitivity in common buckwheat by using markers for expressed sequence tags and photoperiod-sensitivity candidate genes     

Takashi Hara  Hiroyoshi Iwata  Kazutoshi Okuno  Katsuhiro Matsui  Ryo Ohsawa 《Breeding Science》2011,61(4):394-404

Photoperiod sensitivity is an important trait related to crop adaptation and ecological breeding in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). Although photoperiod sensitivity in this species is thought to be controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs), no genes or regions related to photoperiod sensitivity had been identified until now. Here, we identified QTLs controlling photoperiod sensitivity by QTL analysis in a segregating F₄ population (n = 100) derived from a cross of two autogamous lines, 02AL113(Kyukei SC2)LH.self and C0408-0 RP. The F₄ progenies were genotyped with three markers for photoperiod-sensitivity candidate genes, which were identified based on homology to photoperiod-sensitivity genes in Arabidopsis and 76 expressed sequence tag markers. Among the three photoperiod-sensitivity candidate genes (FeCCA1, FeELF3 and FeCOL3) identified in common buckwheat, FeELF3 was associated with photoperiod sensitivity. Two EST regions, Fest_L0606_4 and Fest_L0337_6, were associated with photoperiod sensitivity and explained 20.0% and 14.2% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. For both EST regions, the allele from 02AL113(Kyukei SC2)LH.self led to early flowering. An epistatic interaction was also confirmed between Fest_L0606_4 and Fest_L0337_6. These results demonstrate that photoperiod sensitivity in common buckwheat is controlled by a pathway consisting of photoperiod-sensitivity candidate genes as well as multiple gene action.  相似文献   

Architecture of succinate dehydrogenase and reactive oxygen species generation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yankovskaya V  Horsefield R  Törnroth S  Luna-Chavez C  Miyoshi H  Léger C  Byrne B  Cecchini G  Iwata S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5607):700-704

The structure of Escherichia coli succinate dehydrogenase (SQR), analogous to the mitochondrial respiratory complex II, has been determined, revealing the electron transport pathway from the electron donor, succinate, to the terminal electron acceptor, ubiquinone. It was found that the SQR redox centers are arranged in a manner that aids the prevention of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation at the flavin adenine dinucleotide. This is likely to be the main reason SQR is expressed during aerobic respiration rather than the related enzyme fumarate reductase, which produces high levels of ROS. Furthermore, symptoms of genetic disorders associated with mitochondrial SQR mutations may be a result of ROS formation resulting from impaired electron transport in the enzyme.  相似文献   

Snowcover Components in Northern Japan     

Izumi Noguchi  Takunori Katoh  Shigekatsu Sakai  Riki Iwata  Masayuki Akiyama  Hideyuki Ohtsuka  Kouichi Sakata  Hirohide Aga  Yutaka Matsumoto 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):421-426

Snowcover surveys were carried out in Hokkaido, northern Japan. Snowpack samples were collected using a steel pipe at 80 sites in 1988, 69 sites in 1992, and 66 sites in 1996 and 2000 during the time when the water equivalents of the snowcover are the greatest. Spatial distribution maps of water equivalents and of the concentrations and the accumulated amounts of hydrogen, non-sea-salt sulfate and non-sea-salt calcium ion of the snowcover drawn by Kriging method are discussed. The distribution maps show that water equivalents and the accumulated amounts of hydrogen and non-sea-salt sulfate in all the sample years were largest in the Japan Sea region, as were the ion concentrations of hydrogen and non-sea-salt sulfate. It was estimated this was caused by air pollutants transported from a great distance. The ratio of areas below pH 5.0 increased temporally from 1988 (20%) to 1992, 1996 and 2000 (66–80%). This trend was estimated to be affected by a decline of non-sea-salt calcium concentrations derived from alkaline road dust. In addition, the effect of snowcover components was assessed by comparison between the acid loads of the snowcover and the acid neutralizing capacity of lake water. We found that lakes in the middle of the Japan Sea coast have the potential to be acidified by snowmelt.  相似文献   

Effects of genotype matching of feline major histocompatibility complex (FLA) class II DRB on skin-allograft transplantation in cats.     

Y Kuwahara  K Kito  R Kobayash  J Iwata  R Ohne  H Kitagawa  Y Sasaki 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(10):1097-1101

In order to confirm the effects of matching of expressed feline major histocompatibility complex (FLA) class II DRB genotype on transplantation immunity in cats, skin-allogeneic transplantation was carried out between cats, in which DRB genes expressed were genotyped by the RT-PCR-RFLP method using group-specific primers. Duration until grafts were rejected was 14.63 +/- 1.69 days (mean +/- standard deviation) in the pairs that had the same type of subgroups, 7.25 +/- 0.71 days in the pairs that had one different type of subgroup and 6.88 +/- 0.35 days in the pairs that had two different types of subgroups. The duration of graft survival in the pairs with the same type of subgroups was significantly longer (P<0.01) than those in the pairs with different types. Although FLA components involved in transplantation immunity should not only be DRB genes, it was suggested that the expressed FLA-DRB genotype might associate with feline transplantation immunity, and that typing and matching of expressed FLA-DRB genes might be one of the important factors in the control of feline transplantation immunity.  相似文献   

A lactate dehydrogenase anomaly in a cat     

H Iwata  K Yasuda  K Ono  A Hasegawa  I Tomoda 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1986,48(1):145-148

  相似文献   

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against porcine interleukin-4   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ishikura Y  Kato H  Hashimoto T  Nishimura Y  Iwata H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(5):503-508

Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is an important regulatory cytokine produced by activated T lymphocytes and mast cells, and regulates the growth and differentiation of cells such as B and T lymphocytes. In the present study, recombinant thioredoxin (Trx)-porcine IL-4 (pIL-4) fusion protein was prepared by Escherichia coli (E. coli), and by using this protein as an immunogen, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against pIL-4 were produced to establish a basis for a research on immune responses in pigs. Six stable hybridoma cell lines were successfully established and specific binding of each mAb to recombinant pIL-4 produced by E. coli and insect cells infected with recombinant baculovirus was shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and/or immunoblot analysis. Isotype analyses of these mAbs revealed that the subclass of 5 out of 6 mAbs was IgG1 and the rest was IgG2b. Further, assessment of their epitopes by competition binding assay indicated that the mAbs obtained in this study bound to 4 different epitopes. The recombinant proteins and mAbs produced in this study will be useful tools for the assessment of porcine immune system.  相似文献