Oxidative deamination of benzylamine and lysine residue in bovine serum albumin by green tea, black tea, and coffee     

Akagawa M  Shigemitsu T  Suyama K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(20):8019-8024

Oxidative deamination by various polyphenolic compounds is presumed to be due to the oxidative conversion of polyphenols to the corresponding quinones through autoxidation. Here we examined the oxidative deamination by the polyphenol-rich beverages green tea, black tea, and coffee at a physiological pH and temperature. Green tea, black tea, and coffee extracts oxidatively deaminated benzylamine and the lysine residues of bovine serum albumin to benzaldehyde and alpha-aminoadipic delta-semialdehyde residues, respectively, in sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at 37 degrees C in both the presence and absence of Cu2+, indicating the occurrence of an amine (lysyl) oxidase-like reaction. We also examined the effects of pH and metal ions on the reaction. The possible biological effects of drinking polyphenol-rich beverages on human are also discussed.  相似文献   

Identification and quantification of the conjugated metabolites derived from orally administered hesperidin in rat plasma     

Matsumoto H  Ikoma Y  Sugiura M  Yano M  Hasegawa Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(21):6653-6659

Hesperidin is a biologically effective flavonoid. Several studies have reported that dietary hesperidin was converted to conjugated metabolites, such as hesperetin-glucuronides and sulfoglucuronides, during absorption and metabolism. However, the chemical structures of the conjugated metabolites, especially the sites of glucuronidation and sulfoglucuronidation in plasma, were unconfirmed. Therefore, the concentrations of the metabolites conjugated at various sites in plasma could not be individually quantified. In the present study, we identified the chemical structures and concentrations of the major conjugated metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of hesperidin. Two hesperetin-glucuronides were prepared and identified as hesperetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide and hesperetin-3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide. Using these authentic compounds, the concentrations of hesperetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide and hesperetin-3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide in rat plasma were individually determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In rat plasma, hesperetin-glucuronides were primarily comprised of hesperetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide and hesperetin-3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide. The concentration of hesperetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide was slightly higher than that of hesperetin-3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide. Furthermore, not only hesperetin conjugates but also homoeriodictyol conjugates were observed in rat plasma. The present study is the first report elucidating the chemical structures and changes in individual concentrations in rat plasma of glucuronides derived from orally administered hesperidin.  相似文献   

Growth of Myctophum asperum (Pisces: Myctophidae) in the Kuroshio and transitional waters     

Amane Hayashi  Hikaru Watanabe  Minoru Ishida  Kouichi Kawaguchi 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(5):983-984

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Reactivity and prevalence of neutralizing antibodies against Japanese strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotypes     

Fujiko MinamiMakoto Nagai  Mika ItoTatsuhiko Matsuda  Hikaru TakaiYoshiko Jinkawa  Takeshi ShimanoMichiko Hayashi  Yoshihisa SekiYoshihiro Sakoda  Katsuaki SugiuraHiroomi Akashi 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(1):35-39

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) field isolates show genetic and antigenic diversity. At least 14 subgenotypes of BVDV-1 and 4 of BVDV-2 have been identified in Artiodactyla worldwide. Of these, 6 subgenotypes of BVDV-1 and 1 of BVDV-2 have been isolated in Japan. Previously, we reported that each subgenotype virus expresses different antigenic characteristics. Here we investigated the reactivity of neutralizing antibodies against representative strains of Japanese BVDV subgenotypes using sera from 266 beef cattle to estimate the prevalence of this epidemic virus among cattle in Japan. Antibody titers at concentrations at least 4-fold higher than antibodies against other subgenotype viruses were considered subgenotype specific. Subgenotype-specific antibodies were detected from 117 (80.7%) of 145 sera samples (69.7% against BVDV-1a, 1.4% against BVDV-1b, 8.3% against BVDV-1c, and 1.4% against BVDV-2a). The results suggest that neutralization tests are useful in estimating currently epidemic subgenotypes of BVDV in the field.  相似文献   

Development of an acid soil conditioning agent from lignin by ozone treatment III: improvement of ability of lignin to form an aluminum complex and to reduce aluminum toxicity after ozone treatment     

Hikaru Aimi  Yasuji Kurimoto  Shigeru Yamauchi 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(4):338-342

Lignin prepared by a modified Klason method (KSL) was modified with ozone followed by alkaline treatments. The original and modified KSLs were subjected to a plant growth test with radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula Pers.) in the presence of AlCl₃ (37.5 μM) to assess their ability to reduce aluminum toxicity. The formation of an aluminum complex with these KSLs was also examined by potentiometry. Neither the original nor alkaline-treated KSLs had an effect on aluminum toxicity or the formation of a complex, except for the alkaline-treated KSL at a maximal dose of 250 mg/l, which reduced aluminum toxicity. However, all the KSLs modified with ozone and alkali were effective at forming a complex and reducing aluminum toxicity. The dose of saponified ozone-treated KSLs required to reduce aluminum toxicity became lower and their water solubility increased as the ozone treatment was prolonged. These findings clearly show that water solubility and the ability to form a complex with and reduce the toxicity of aluminum were improved by ozone treatment of KSL.  相似文献   

长江三峡花岗岩坡面土管空间分布特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

程云  张洪江  王玉杰  盛前丽  常丹东  史玉虎  北原曜  王治中 《北京林业大学学报》2001,23(5):19-22

为深入研究土管的空间分布对土壤水分运动的影响 ,该研究在长江三峡花岗岩坡面选择了一受人为活动影响较小的天然次生马尾松林地作为试验场地 ,开挖土壤剖面 ,观测并研究了其土管空间分布特性 .研究结果表明土管主要分布在距地表以下 0 8～ 1 0m范围内 ,经Iδ 指数检验其分布类型为聚集分布型 .据调查并推断其土管成因主要为土壤形成作用和动物活动或植物根系腐烂后形成的根孔所致  相似文献   

Correction to: Comparison of biomass estimates from multiple stratification approaches in a swept area method for Pacific saury Cololabis saira in the western North Pacific     

Hashimoto  Midori  Kidokoro  Hideaki  Suyama  Satoshi  Fuji  Taiki  Miyamoto  Hiroomi  Naya  Miyako  Vijai  Dharmamony  Ueno  Yasuhiro  Kitakado  Toshihide 《Fisheries Science》2021,87(3):433-433

Fisheries Science - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-021-01506-9  相似文献   

Stand-scale transpiration estimates in a Moso bamboo forest: II. Comparison with coniferous forests     

Hikaru Komatsu  Yuka Onozawa  Tomonori Kume  Kenji Tsuruta  Tomo’omi Kumagai  Yoshinori Shinohara  Kyoichi Otsuki 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

In western Japan, Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) forests have been expanding by replacing surrounding vegetation such as coniferous plantation forests and natural broadleaved forests. It has been speculated that the replacement of surrounding vegetation by bamboo forests could alter the vegetation water cycle and available water resources. We quantified stand-scale transpiration (E) in a bamboo forest on the basis of sap-flux measurements and compared the E value with values for coniferous forests. The annual E was estimated to be 567 mm. Seasonal trends in E primarily corresponded to seasonal trends in the vapor pressure deficit. Annual E for the bamboo forest was higher than that for the coniferous forests by 12% of annual precipitation (P). This difference in annual E is comparable with the difference in annual interception evaporation (I) relative to P between bamboo and coniferous forests; previous studies reported lower I for bamboo forests by ∼10% of P. Thus, the sum of E and I was comparable for bamboo and coniferous forests. As this study is the first measuring E of bamboo forests, further studies are required to examine the generality of our results.  相似文献   

Biogeography of small odontocetes in relation to wide‐scale oceanographic structure in the North Pacific Ocean          下载免费PDF全文

Yu Kanaji  Makoto Okazaki  Hikaru Watanabe  Tomio Miyashita 《Fisheries Oceanography》2016,25(2):119-132

Information regarding the distributional patterns of top predators is undoubtedly important for the monitoring and management of marine ecosystems. Nevertheless, previous knowledge on the distributional patterns of cetacean species in relation to physical oceanography is usually limited to a small fraction of each species' range because of their vast distribution and infrequency of encountering many species. We carried out comprehensive analyzes on the distributions of small odontocetes covering almost the entire North Pacific Ocean. Using data from over 300 000 nautical miles (≈ 555 600 km) of dedicated sighting surveys and 7000 school sightings of 14 small odontocete species, which have accumulated for approximately a quarter of a century, we describe interspecific habitat differences in small odontocetes with respect to physical oceanography. Multivariate analyzes were used to discriminate the 14 species into four ecological groups: (i) Subtropical Domain species; (ii) Subarctic Boundary species; (iii) Transitional Domain species; and (iv) Subarctic Domain species. By comparing environmental variables in their habitats with variables indicative of water mass and frontal structures, the four species groups were further divided into several subgroups. Groups at higher latitudes comprised fewer species than those at lower latitudes, while species diversity was maximal at lower and intermediate latitudes. Our findings indicate that large‐scale oceanographic structures are important determinants for the present patterns in biogeography and species diversity of small odontocetes.  相似文献   

Allelopathic potential of indigenous Bangladeshi rice varieties          下载免费PDF全文

Sheikh M. Masum  Mohammad Amzad Hossain  Hikaru Akamine  Jun‐Ichi Sakagami  Prasanta C. Bhowmik 《Weed Biology and Management》2016,16(3):119-131

A series of experiments was conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Subtropical Field Science Center, University of the Ryukyus, Japan, from April to October 2015 to assess the allelopathic potential of 50 indigenous Bangladeshi rice varieties by using the donor–receiver bioassay, equal compartment agar method (ECAM), plant residue extract method and pot culture method. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), cress (Lepidium sativum L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus‐galli L. Beauv.) and jungle rice (Echinochloa colona L.) were used as the test plants. The highest inhibition effect was given by Boterswar, while the stimulating effect was given by Kartikbalam and Panbira in the donor–receiver bioassay and ECAM tests. Boterswar, Goria, Biron and Kartiksail were selected as the highest allelopathic‐potential varieties by the donor–receiver bioassay and ECAM. In the methanol extract test, Boterswar gave the strongest inhibitory effect on both barnyard grass and jungle rice, while Kartiksail gave the highest inhibitory effect on the jungle rice shoot. The growth parameters and total dry matter of barnyard grass in the greenhouse pot experiment were significantly reduced as a result of the application of aqueous extracts of the selected rice varieties, which was similar to the results of the laboratory experiments. The varieties of Boterswar, Goria, Biron and Kartiksail were selected as the most allelopathic among the 50 indigenous Bangladeshi rice varieties. These rice varieties could be used for the isolation and identification of allelochemicals and to further develop new varieties that are tolerant to weeds.  相似文献