Interaction of Potential Porcine Sperm Ligands with the Oocyte Plasma Membrane     

T Berger  BJ Nitta  Y Ducolomb  M Betancourt 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(1):15-20

We previously identified 62, 39, 27 and 7 kDa porcine sperm plasma membrane proteins that demonstrated a predominant affinity for the porcine oocyte plasma membrane by Western ligand blotting. The current experiments were designed to further investigate the potential roles of these molecules in sperm–oocyte plasma membrane interaction. Abilities of these proteins to bind to the oocyte plasma membrane and to inhibit sperm–oocyte interaction were evaluated. Plasma membrane was isolated primarily from the head of ejaculated porcine sperm by nitrogen cavitation and density gradient centrifugation. Fractions containing the 62, 39, 27 and 7 kDa proteins were electroeluted from one dimensional SDS polyacrylamide gels, dialysed and proteins biotinylated. Following incubation with zona‐free porcine oocytes, bound protein was visualized with 20 μg TRITC‐avidin/ml using confocal microscopy. Fractions of the dialysed, electroeluted proteins were added to porcine in vitro fertilization assays. The 62, 39, 27 and 7 kDa proteins all demonstrated binding to the oocyte plasma membrane in contrast to a biotinylated control protein. Addition of unlabelled sperm plasma membrane proteins to the biotinylated protein visibly reduced binding. Addition of each of these protein fractions to in vitro fertilization assays reduced sperm interaction with the porcine oocyte plasma membrane in a concentration‐dependent manner. Binding of these sperm plasma membrane proteins to the oocyte plasma membrane and inhibition of fertilization are consistent with these proteins being involved in sperm–oocyte plasma membrane interaction.  相似文献   

Horse species symposium: a novel approach to monitoring pathogen progression during uterine and placental infection in the mare using bioluminescence imaging technology and lux-modified bacteria     

Ryan PL  Christiansen DL  Hopper RM  Walters FK  Moulton K  Curbelo J  Greene JM  Willard ST 《Journal of animal science》2011,89(5):1541-1551

Uterine and placental infections are the leading cause of abortion, stillbirth, and preterm delivery in the mare. Whereas uterine and placental infections in women have been studied extensively, a comprehensive examination of the pathogenic processes leading to this unsatisfactory pregnancy outcome in the mare has yet to be completed. Most information in the literature relating to late-term pregnancy loss in mares is based on retrospective studies of clinical cases submitted for necropsy. Here we report the development and application of a novel approach, whereby transgenically modified bacteria transformed with lux genes of Xenorhabdus luminescens or Photorhabdus luminescens origin and biophotonic imaging are utilized to better understand pathogen-induced preterm birth in late-term pregnant mares. This technology uses highly sensitive bioluminescence imaging camera systems to localize and monitor pathogen progression during tissue invasion by measuring the bioluminescent signatures emitted by the lux-modified pathogens. This method has an important advantage in that it allows for the potential tracking of pathogens in vivo in real time and over time, which was hitherto impossible. Although the application of this technology in domestic animals is in its infancy, investigators were successful in identifying the fetal lungs, sinuses, nares, urinary, and gastrointestinal systems as primary tissues for pathogen invasion after experimental infection of pregnant mares with lux-modified Escherichia coli. It is important that pathogens were not detected in other vital organs, such as the liver, brain, and cardiac system. Such precision in localizing sites of pathogen invasion provides potential application for this novel approach in the development of more targeted therapeutic interventions for pathogen-related diseases in the equine and other domestic species.  相似文献   

In vitro evaluation of the efficacy of a veterinary dry heat fluid warmer     

Vivian Chiang DVM  Kate Hopper PhD  BVSc  DACVECC  Matthew S. Mellema PhD  DVM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2011,21(6):639-647

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Breast cancer risks for BRCA1/2 carriers     

Easton DF  Hopper JL  Thomas DC  Antoniou A  Pharoah PD  Whittemore AS  Haile RW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5705):2187-91; author reply 2187-91

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Molecular Basis of Gene-for-Gene Specificity in Bacterial Speck Disease of Tomato   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

SR Scofield  CM Tobias  JP Rathjen  JH Chang  DT Lavelle  RW Michelmore  BJ Staskawicz 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5295):2063-2065

Transient expression of the Pseudomonas syringae avirulence gene avrPto in plant cells resulted in a Pto-dependent necrosis. The AvrPto avirulence protein was observed to interact directly with the Pto resistance protein in the yeast two-hybrid system. Mutations in the Pto and avrPto genes which reduce in vivo activity had parallel effects on association in the two-hybrid assay. These data suggest that during infection the pathogen delivers AvrPto into the plant host cell and that resistance is specified by direct interaction of Pto with AvrPto.  相似文献   

Diagnostic Utility of D‐Dimer Concentrations in Dogs with Pulmonary Embolism     

S.E. Epstein  K. Hopper  M.S. Mellema  L.R. Johnson 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(6):1646-1649

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A feline anaesthetic death associated with equipment incompatibility     

BJ O'Hagan  C McKinnon 《Australian veterinary journal》2013,91(12):505-506

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Prevalence of Bartonella species,Rickettsia felis,haemoplasmas and the Ehrlichia group in the blood of cats and fleas in eastern Australia     

VR Barrs  JA Beatty  BJ Wilson  N Evans  R Gowan  RM Baral  AE Lingard  G Perkovic  JR Hawley  MR Lappin 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(5):160-165

Objectives To define the prevalence of Bartonella spp., Rickettsia felis, Mycoplasma haemofelis, ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum’ (Mhm) and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis’ (Mtc) in cats and their fleas in eastern Australia. Design and procedure Conventional PCR assays that detect Bartonella spp., M. haemofelis, Mhm, Mtc, Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp. and Neorickettsia spp. were performed on DNA extracted from blood and fleas collected from 111 cats. Cat sera were assayed by ELISA for IgG of Bartonella spp. Results DNA of M. haemofelis, Mtc and Mhm was amplified from 1 (0.9%), 1 (0.9%) and 17 cats (15.3%), respectively. Only DNA of Mhm was amplified from the 62 of 111 pooled flea samples (flea sets; 55.9%). Overall, the prevalence rates for Bartonella spp. DNA in the cats and the flea sets was 16.2% (18 cats) and 28.8% (32 flea sets), respectively. Bartonella spp. IgG was detected in 42 cats (37.8%), of which 11 (26.2%) were positive for Bartonella spp. DNA in their blood. R. felis DNA was amplified from 22 flea sets (19.8%), but not from cats. Overall, DNA of one or more of the organisms was amplified from 27% (30) of cats and 67.6% (75) of the flea sets. Conclusions This is the first Australian study to determine the prevalence of R. felis and B. clarridgeiae in both fleas and the cats from which they were collected. Flea-associated infectious agents are common in cats and fleas in eastern Australia and support the recommendation that stringent flea control be maintained on cats.  相似文献   

Maxillary unicystic ameloblastoma in a 6‐week‐old filly evaluated with computed tomography          下载免费PDF全文

HL Smith  AJ Rosenblatt  WW Suen  H Owen  BJ Ahern 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(8):299-303

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Effects of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate on hematological values in normal horses     

L.L. Southwood  H.C. Schott II  D. Wunn  S.A. Hopper  W.M. Bayly   《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1999,19(4):266

In several horses referred for evaluation of colic, we observed marked leukopenia (attributable to neutrophil counts <2,000/μl) which was inconsistent with the mild nature of abdominal pain, absence of fever, or lack of signs of endotoxemia. In all cases, large bowel impaction has been diagnosed via rectal palpation prior to admission and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS) had been one of the medications administered. To investigate the hypothesis that DSS administration may lead to bowel irritation, margination of neutrophils, and development of leukopenia (neutropenia), the effects of DSS administration (20 mg/kg via a nasogastric tube) on clinical and hematologic values were studied in eight clinically normal horses. No changes were detected in any of the clinical values assessed in these horses and neither leukopenia nor neutropenia was observed following DSS administration. A trend for plasma total protein concentration to increase four hours after DSS administration (in comparison to control data) suggested that DSS may enhance secretion of fluid into the bowel in treated horses. In conclusion, the results did not support the hypothesis that the leukopenia observed in horses with colic could be attributed to DSS administration. Whether DSS has more significant effects in horses with altered bowel motility and mucosal integrity during colic episodes is not known.  相似文献