The Effects of Live and Artificial Diets on Feeding Performance of Cultured Winter Flounder,Pseudopleuronectes americanus,in the Wild: Survival,Feeding, Growth,and Nucleic Acid Analyses          下载免费PDF全文

Michelle L. Walsh  Elizabeth A. Fairchild  Nathan Rennels  W. Huntting Howell  Renee Mercaldo‐Allen  Catherine Kuropat 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2015,46(5):461-474

This research, which is part of a larger study designed to assess the feasibility of winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, stock enhancement in New Hampshire, identifies hatchery feeds that optimize feeding‐related performance of fish once released in the wild. Fish reared on post‐nauplii of brine shrimp, Artemia sp., white worms, Enchytraeus albidus, common burrower amphipods, Leptocheirus plumulosus, and formulated pellets were evaluated post‐release from in situ cages using survival, growth rate, feeding onset and incidence, stomach fullness, diet composition, and nucleic acid‐based condition as indicators of hatchery diet suitability. Amphipod‐reared fish had the highest mean stomach content index of all feed types, including wild fish. Wild and worm‐reared fish exhibited the most similar survival, overall stomach fullness, and diet composition profiles over time. Amphipod‐reared fish ranked highest in overall performance; however, if wild fish performance is viewed as the ideal for a stocked fish, worm‐reared fish performed optimally. This study describes hatchery feeding strategies that may ease the transition of flatfish released into the wild for stock enhancement.  相似文献   

Introduction of Radioactive Sulfur (S35) Into the Penicillin Molecule by Biosynthesis     

Howell SF  Thayer JD  Labaw LW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1948,107(2777):299-300

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PTF 11kx: a type Ia supernova with a symbiotic nova progenitor     

B Dilday  DA Howell  SB Cenko  JM Silverman  PE Nugent  M Sullivan  S Ben-Ami  L Bildsten  M Bolte  M Endl  AV Filippenko  O Gnat  A Horesh  E Hsiao  MM Kasliwal  D Kirkman  K Maguire  GW Marcy  K Moore  Y Pan  JT Parrent  P Podsiadlowski  RM Quimby  A Sternberg  N Suzuki  DR Tytler  D Xu  JS Bloom  A Gal-Yam  IM Hook  SR Kulkarni  NM Law  EO Ofek  D Polishook  D Poznanski 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6097):942-945

There is a consensus that type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) arise from the thermonuclear explosion of white dwarf stars that accrete matter from a binary companion. However, direct observation of SN Ia progenitors is lacking, and the precise nature of the binary companion remains uncertain. A temporal series of high-resolution optical spectra of the SN Ia PTF 11kx reveals a complex circumstellar environment that provides an unprecedentedly detailed view of the progenitor system. Multiple shells of circumstellar material are detected, and the SN ejecta are seen to interact with circumstellar material starting 59 days after the explosion. These features are best described by a symbiotic nova progenitor, similar to RS Ophiuchi.  相似文献   

Fluoroquinolone resistance in Staphylococcus intermedius   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D.H. Lloyd  A.I. Lamport  W.C. Noble  & S.A. Howell 《Veterinary dermatology》1999,10(3):249-251

Four canine isolates of S. intermedius resistant to enrofloxacin were isolated amongst a total of 429 screened. Two of these were shown to exhibit resistance also to marbofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Whilst molecular studies have shown the mechanism of resistance to these quinolone antibiotics to be similar in a number of staphylococcal species, it was not possible to confirm this mechanism in Staphylococcus intermedius .  相似文献   

CONCANAVALIN A AND HEMAGGLUTINATION     

Sumner JB  Howell SF  Zeissig A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1935,82(2116):65-66

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in 11 dogs     

Tomlin J  Pead MJ  Lloyd DH  Howell S  Hartmann F  Jackson HA  Muir P 《The Veterinary record》1999,144(3):60-64

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection was identified in 11 dogs. The infection was associated with surgical treatment especially orthopaedic surgery. Infection after traumatic wounding, and recurrent pyoderma was also seen. Oral antibiotic treatment improved or resolved the infection in nine of the 11 dogs, although the methicillin-resistant isolates were susceptible to relatively few antibiotics.  相似文献   

Inhibition of the growth in vitro of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton erinacei and Microsporum persicolor by miconazole and chlorhexidine     

Perrins N  Howell SA  Moore M  Bond R 《Veterinary dermatology》2005,16(5):330-333

An agar dilution technique was used to assess the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of miconazole, chlorhexidine and a 1:1 combination of both agents for 9 isolates of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, 9 isolates of Trichophyton erinacei and 5 isolates of Microsporum persicolor. MICs of chlorhexidine did not vary significantly between the three dermatophyte species tested, but the MICs of miconazole alone and in combination with chlorhexidine for T. erinacei were significantly greater that those for T. mentagrophytes and M. persicolor. A synergistic drug interaction was noted with one isolate of T. erinacei and one isolate of M. persicolor. An additive effect was demonstrated for 13 isolates (5 T. mentagrophytes, 6 T. erinacei, 2 M. persicolor), and indifference was noted in 8 isolates (4 T. mentagrophytes, 2 T. erinacei, 2 M. persicolor). Although synergy was less often seen when compared with a previous study of Microsporum canis, the synergistic or additive effects seen with the majority (15 out of 23) of isolates studied in vitro provides a rationale for the combined use of miconazole and chlorhexidine in the adjunctive topical therapy of dermatophytosis caused by T. mentagrophytes, T. erinacei and M. persicolor.  相似文献   

Lateral transmission of equine arteritis virus among Lipizzaner stallions in South Africa     

Guthrie AJ  Howell PG  Hedges JF  Bosman AM  Balasuriya UB  McCollum WH  Timoney PJ  MacLachlan NJ 《Equine veterinary journal》2003,35(6):596-600

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: A serological study conducted in 1995 revealed that 7 stallions at the Lipizzaner Centre, Gauteng, South Africa, were seropositive for antibody to equine arteritis virus (EAV). A Lipizzaner stallion imported into South Africa from Yugoslavia in 1981 had previously (1988) been confirmed to be an EAV carrier. Despite being placed under life-long breeding quarantine, EAV had been transmitted between stallions at the Lipizzaner Centre. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the phylogenetic relationships between the strain of EAV shed in the semen of the original carrier stallion and strains recovered from the semen of 5 other stallions; and to investigate the means whereby lateral transmission of EAV occurred among 7 in-contact, nonbreeding stallions at the Centre. METHODS: EAV was isolated from semen collected from the seropositive stallions using RK-13 cells. Viral RNA was reverse transcribed and amplified by polymerase chain reaction using ORF 5-specific primers, subjected to sequence and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis of strains of EAV recovered from the semen of 6 persistently infected stallions confirmed that all viruses were closely related and probably derived from a common ancestor, i.e. the stallion imported from Yugoslavia. Lateral transmission subsequently occurred among 7 in-contact, nonbreeding stallions at the Centre. It is speculated that these stallions may have been exposed to virus from bedding or fomites contaminated with semen. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm that lateral transmission of EAV can occur from shedding stallions to susceptible, in-contact horses, including other stallions, which may become persistently infected with the virus. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The findings are consistent with lateral spread of a single, unique strain of EAV among a group; and suggest that transmission of EAV may be initiated by infection of one or more stallions with virus on bedding or other fomites contaminated with EAV- infected semen.  相似文献   

Seismology     

Howell BF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,201(4355):521

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Linking veterinary and human public-health education: collaborations at the University Of Tennessee     

Howell NE  Hamilton C  New J  Lane I  Brace J 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2008,35(2):203-206

The increasing demand for veterinarians in public health has created an environment for innovative educational approaches, providing opportunities for veterinary students to gain additional education in public health. At the University of Tennessee, this environment has enabled a collaboration between the College of Veterinary Medicine and the College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences to establish a veterinary concentration in an existing Master of Public Health degree program. The veterinary public-health concentration was approved in 2004. In addition, other courses and initiatives have been developed at the College of Veterinary Medicine, creating stronger collaborations with academic units and public-health professionals.  相似文献