Serological Comparison and Molecular Characterization for Verification of Calla lily chlorotic spot virus as a New Tospovirus Species Belonging to Watermelon silver mottle virus Serogroup     

Lin YH  Chen TC  Hsu HT  Liu FL  Chu FH  Chen CC  Lin YZ  Yeh SD 《Phytopathology》2005,95(12):1482-1488

ABSTRACT Calla lily chlorotic spot virus (CCSV) isolated from central Taiwan was recently identified as a tospovirus serologically but distantly related to Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV). To clarify the serological relationship between the two viruses, rabbit polyclonal antibody (PAb) to CCSV and mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to WSMoV NP or CCSV NP were produced in this investigation, using purified nucleocapsid protein (NP) as immunogens. The PAb to CCSV NP reacted stronger with the homologous antigen than with the heterologous antigen, with much lower A(405) readings in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and low-intensity banding in immunoblotting. MAbs produced to CCSV NP or WSMoV NP reacted specifically with the homologous antigens but not with the heterologous antigens in both ELISA and immunoblot analyses. The CCSV S RNA was determined to be 3,172 nucleotides in length, with an inverted repeat at the 5' and 3' ends and two open reading frames encoding the NP and a nonstructural (NSs) protein in an ambisense arrangement. A typical 3'-terminal sequence (5'-AUUGCUCU-3') that is shared by all members of the genus Tospovirus also is present in the CCSV S RNA. The CCSV NP and NSs protein share low amino acid identities of 20.1 to 65.1% and 19.9 to 66.1%, respectively, with those of reported tospoviruses. Phylogenetic dendrogram analysis indicates that CCSV is a distinct member in the genus Tospovirus. The results provide evidence that CCSV is a new species in the genus Tospovirus and belongs to WSMoV serogroup.  相似文献   

A Case of Obstructive Uremia with an Unusual Cause          下载免费PDF全文

Ho CC  Hsu TS 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1963,4(6):157-158,159

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Effects of supplemental vitamin E during the laying period on the reproductive performance of Taiwan native chickens   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lin YF  Chang SJ  Hsu AL 《British poultry science》2004,45(6):807-814

1. One-day-old Taiwan Native Breeder female chicks were fed on maize/soybean growing diets without supplemental vitamin E from hatch to 17 weeks of age. After 17 weeks the birds (n = 300) were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments and fed on maize/soybean laying diets supplemented with 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg/kg of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate), respectively, until 46 weeks of age. The variates measured included: age at first egg, feed consumption (FC), feed efficiency (FE), egg production (EP), egg weight (EW), egg specific gravity (ESG), eggshell strength (ESS), fertility and hatchability. 2. The addition of 120mg/kg of vitamin E lowered the first EW (P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference in the age or body weight (BW) of pullets at first egg or mortality rate to 46 weeks of age among the treatments. FE and egg mass were improved (P<0.05) in pullets fed 80 mg/kg of supplemental vitamin E. A significant increase in EP was observed after peak EP in pullets given 80 mg/kg of supplemental vitamin E. However, this favourable effect decreased as supplemental vitamin E exceeded 80 mg/kg. 3. From 17 to 46 weeks of age, egg quality (ESG and ESS) decreased with age. However, there was no correlation between age and fertility or hatchability during the experimental period, suggesting that egg quality is more age-sensitive than reproductive performance for breeder pullets. 4. Compared with the control, fertility and hatchability of all eggs set for the treatment with 80 mg/kg supplemental vitamin E increased by 7.7 and 13.4%, respectively. There was no difference in the hatchability of fertile eggs. 5. These results suggest that using supplemental vitamin E during the laying period can improve the reproductive performance of breeder pullets. The addition of 80 mg/kg of vitamin E obtained the best performance in EP, egg mass, FE (feed/egg), hatchability and fertility.  相似文献   

The effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on the expression of porcine lipid metabolism-related genes     

Hsu JM  Wang PH  Liu BH  Ding ST 《Journal of animal science》2004,82(3):683-689

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Detection and sequence analysis of avian polyomavirus and psittacine beak and feather disease virus from psittacine birds in Taiwan     

Hsu CM  Ko CY  Tsaia HJ 《Avian diseases》2006,50(3):348-353

Avian polyomavirus (APV) and psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) are the most common viral diseases of psittacine birds. In Taiwan, however, the existence of these viruses in psittacine birds has not been established. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology was therefore employed to ascertain whether APV and PBFDV genomes were present in isolates from psittacine birds of Taiwan. A total of 165 psittacine birds belonging to 22 genera were examined between 2002 and 2005. Findings revealed an APV-positive rate of 15.2%, a PBFDV-positive rate of 41.2%, and an APV/PBFDV dual infection rate of 10.3%. After cloning and sequencing, sequences of the PCR products were compared with sequences obtained from GenBank. For APV, the nucleotide identity among VP1 and t/T antigen coding regions ranged from 97.5% to 100% and 97.6% to 100%, respectively. For PBFDV, the nucleotide identity of ORF V1 and ORF C1 sequences ranged from 92.2% to 100% and 83.3% to 100%, respectively. The derived amino acid sequence alignment for PBFDV ORF V1 fragments revealed the conservation of two replication motifs and of the nucleotide binding site motif. In PBFDV, six of 42 deduced positions in the ORF C1 amino acid sequence were considered hypervariable. The established phylogenetic trees based on the four genome fragments examined in this study did not allow the assignment of particular APV or PBFDV nucleotide sequences to distinct avian species.  相似文献   

Influence of fertilizers applied to a paddy-upland rotation on characteristics of soil organic carbon and humic acids     

Chang Chien SW  Wang MC  Hsu JH  Seshaiah K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(18):6790-6799

The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and related humic acids (HAs) extracted from the soils of field plots were investigated after 8 years of annual paddy (Oryza sativa L.) and upland maize (Zea mays L.) rotation with various fertilizations. Seven fertilization treatments were selected: Ck (no inputs); Chem (chemical fertilizer of NPK); Comp (swine compost); Comp + 33% of Chem N rate; Comp + 67% of Chem N rate; GM (legume green manure) + 33% of Chem N rate; and peat + 33% of Chem N rate. Organic and inorganic nitrogen inputs of six treatments were equivalent with respect of nitrogen content, but Comp, GM, and peat treatments were complemented with various amounts of inorganic N. After harvest of the eighth paddy crop, surface soil samples collected from the plots were subjected to soil characterizations and extraction of humic substances, which were used for chemical, spectroscopic (FTIR, 13C NMR, ESR, X-ray diffractometry), delta13C, and 14C dating analyses. The yields of HAs extracted from the seven treatments were significantly different. Treatment containing persistent organic compound such as the peat + 33% N treatment increased the humification process in topsoils and produced higher yield of HA. Spectroscopic analyses revealed that fertilization treatments changed the functional groups, alkyl C, crystalline characteristics, and delta13C ratios of HAs and turnover rate of SOC considerably. The SOC of the peat + 33% N treatment had the highest mean residence time of 3100 years. Various fertilizer treatments are correlated with turnover rate of SOC and related HAs, which are associated with concerned carbon sequestration as well as mitigation of CO2 emission in the soil environment.  相似文献   

Inhibitory effect of phenolic acids on the proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in relation to their antioxidant activity     

Hsu CL  Huang SL  Yen GC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(12):4191-4197

Obesity is an important topic in the world of public health and preventive medicine. Inhibition of preadipocyte proliferation plays an important role in the mechanisms of proposed antiobesity. In this in vitro study, the inhibitory effect of phenolic acids on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was evaluated, and a relationship analysis was then conducted. The results showed that the addition of phenolic acids to the growth medium decreased the cell population growth of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The IC50 values of chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, o-coumaric acid and m-coumaric acid on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were 72.3, 43.3, 48.2, and 49.2 microM, respectively. A relationship analysis indicated that there is a significant linear correlation between the influence of phenolic acids on cell population growth and their antioxidant activity (r = 0.77, p < 0.01). The cell cycle assay indicated that the treatment of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with chlorogenic acid, o-coumaric acid, and m-coumaric acid caused cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. Gallic acid did not affect the cell cycle profile; however, it increased the number of apoptotic cells (sub-G1 phase) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis flow cytometric assay showed that gallic acid increased the number of early apoptotic (annexin V-FITC+/PI-) and late apoptotic cells (annexin V-FITC+/PI+) but not necrotic cells (annexin V-FITC-/PI+). The treatment of cells with gallic acid caused the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (delta psi(m)). These results indicate that the inhibition of preadipocyte population growth by some phenolic acids might have further implication in in vivo antiobesity effects.  相似文献   

Specific characters of 16S rRNA gene and 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer sequences of Xylella fastidiosa pear leaf scorch strains     

Chiou-Chu Su  Chung-Jan Chang  Wen-Jen Yang  Shih-Tien Hsu  Kuo-Ching Tzeng  Fuh-Jyh Jan  Wen-Ling Deng 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,132(2):203-216

Pear leaf scorch, the only Xylella fastidiosa-induced disease reported from Taiwan, was found in area where the variety Hengshan (Pyrus pyrifolia) was grown. Strains of pear leaf scorch Xyl. fastidiosa (XF-PLS) shared similarities to strains of other host origins in the requirement of complex medium and the exhibition of rippled cell walls, however, recent serological and molecular biology studies showed difference among them. Five strains of XF-PLS were compared with 20 other strains originally isolated from almond, oleander, pecan, plum, peach, mulberry, grapes, citrus, coffee, and sycamore by sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). When sequences of 16S rRNA gene based on fragment size of 1,537–1,540 bp were compared, the similarity index among 5 XF-PLS strains was 99.3–99.8%, whereas it was 97.8–98.6% between XF-PLS strains and strains from other hosts. When sequences of 16S–23S rRNA ITS based on fragment size of 510–540 bp were compared, the similarity index among 5 XF-PLS strains was 99.0–100%, whereas it was 80.7–82% between XF-PLS strains and strains from other hosts. Multiple sequence alignments led to the identification of 5 polymorphic nucleotides in the 16S rRNA gene among the 25 Xyl. fastidiosa strains, and there were considerable variations in the nucleotide sequences of 16S–23S rRNA ITS between XF-PLS and the other 20 Xyl. fastidiosa strains. The phylogenetic trees revealed that XF-PLS strains were separated from strains of other hosts. Strains of other hosts were divided into four subgroups: strains from (1) oleander, (2) grape, almond M23 and mulberry, (3) citrus and coffee, and (4) pecan, peach, plum, sycamore and almond M12. Results indicate that XF-PLS strains were not closely related to the above-mentioned strains from other hosts and could possibly belong to a new subspecies of Xyl. fastidiosa.  相似文献   

Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3 deficiency perturbs lysosome function and macrophage homeostasis     

Hsu CL  Lin W  Seshasayee D  Chen YH  Ding X  Lin Z  Suto E  Huang Z  Lee WP  Park H  Xu M  Sun M  Rangell L  Lutman JL  Ulufatu S  Stefanich E  Chalouni C  Sagolla M  Diehl L  Fielder P  Dean B  Balazs M  Martin F 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6064):89-92

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of heterogeneous disorders caused by defects in lysosomal enzymes or transporters, resulting in accumulation of undegraded macromolecules or metabolites. Macrophage numbers are expanded in several LSDs, leading to histiocytosis of unknown pathophysiology. Here, we found that mice lacking the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3 (ENT3) developed a spontaneous and progressive macrophage-dominated histiocytosis. In the absence of ENT3, defective apoptotic cell clearance led to lysosomal nucleoside buildup, elevated intralysosomal pH, and altered macrophage function. The macrophage accumulation was partly due to increased macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor expression and signaling secondary to the lysosomal defects. These studies suggest a cellular and molecular basis for the development of histiocytosis in several human syndromes associated with ENT3 mutations and potentially other LSDs.  相似文献   

Differential gene expression between the porcine morula and blastocyst     

Hsu CC  Lin EC  Chen SC  Huang SC  Liu BH  Yu YH  Chen CC  Yang CC  Lien CY  Wang YH  Liu CW  Mersmann HJ  Cheng WT  Ding ST 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(1):69-81

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