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71.
Y. J. Huang C. Toscano-Underwood B. D. L. Fitt † X. J. Hu A. M. Hall 《Plant pathology》2003,52(2):245-255
Ascospores of both A-group and B-group Leptosphaeria maculans germinated at temperatures from 5 to 20°C on leaves of oilseed rape. Germination of ascospores of both groups started 2 h after inoculation and percentage germination reached its maximum about 14 h after inoculation at all temperatures. Both the percentage of A-/B-group ascospores that had germinated after 24 h incubation and germ tube length increased with increasing temperature from 5 to 20°C. Germ tubes from B-group ascospores were longer than those from A-group ascospores at all temperatures, with the greatest difference at 20°C. Hyphae from ascospores of both groups penetrated the leaves predominantly through stomata, at temperatures from 5 to 20°C. A-group ascospores produced highly branched hyphae that grew tortuously, whereas B-group ascospores produced long, straight hyphae. The percentage of germinated ascospores that penetrated stomata increased with increasing temperature from 5 to 20°C and was greater for A-group than for B-group L. maculans after 40 h incubation. 相似文献
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Jan Fahleson Ulf Lagercrantz Qiong Hu Lisa Ann Steventon Christina Dixelius 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(4):361-371
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was used to study genetic variation among 76 isolates of Verticillium. A dendrogram based on the AFLP data revealed three main groups. One group consisted of 35 European isolates derived from Brassica napus together with five Californian isolates taken from B. oleracea. This group displayed a high degree of genetic similarity and included three isolates earlier classified as Verticillium longisporum, indicating that all isolates in this group probably should be regarded as members of V. longisporum. V. dahliae isolates constituted the second group while the third group contained four V. albo-atrum isolates. In addition to these three groups, a cluster of six V. nigrescens isolates was observed. However, the genetic distances between the isolates of V. nigrescens were much higher than those between members in the other groups and the bootstrap value for the V. nigrescens cluster was subsequently low. Four isolates classified as V. tricorpus were highly diverse and did not cluster together. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that the isolates of V. longisporum were separated into four subgroups, based on geographic origin. The study furthermore shows that AFLP is a suitable method for studying population structure in Verticillium. 相似文献
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测定了6个Bacillus spp.和1个Pseudomonas sp.P-13(G-对照菌株)在PPM培养基上的相互作用。在总共42个组合中,有27个组合是可亲和性的。在以B5423为单剂之一的5个组合中,亲和性的组合有4个。在温室条件下通过分批播种,在水稻分蘖盛期喷以B5423-R(B5423的标记菌株,是利福平抗性的突变体)为单剂之一的4个亲和性组合的菌悬浮液,以检测该组合中B5423-R在水稻茎基部的种群数量。结果发现,与单剂B5423-R相比,在应用1~7天内,组合B5423-R B45中,B5423-R的群体数量显著性降低;组合B5423-R B95、B5423-R B77中,B5423-R的群体数量与单剂无显著差异;组合B5423-R B4313中,B5423-R的群体数量在应用1~4天内与单剂无显著性差异,但在应用第7天显著地高于单剂。离体叶片纹枯病痛斑面积的抑制试验表明,与各自的单剂相比,组合B95 B5423及B95 Er77显著地抑制了纹枯病病斑面积;而组合B45 B80、B45 B5423和B45 B95纹枯病病斑面积显著地高于各自的单剂;其余10个组合与各自的单剂无显著差异。 相似文献
77.
20世纪80年代后,稻瘿蚊发生危害明显回升,损失相当严重。以大田试验示范为主,系统研究了新耕作条件下稻瘿蚊综合防治,首次总结提出“喷药除草、压低虫源、抓住晚秧、做好测报、挑治本田”的综合防治新技术体系。室内外试验和大田示范表明,应用草甘膦杀死越冬寄主游草,可显著减少虫源基数;灭线磷(商品名益舒宝)、氯唑磷(商品名米乐尔)是防治稻瘿蚊的高效药剂,抗蚊青占品种高抗稻瘿蚊。此外,合理利用杀虫植物、性引诱剂和天敌等亦是防治稻瘿蚊的重要措施。在面积达12.46万hm^2的示范推广实践中,本田防治效果均达80%以上。 相似文献
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N. J. Grünwald F. Workneh S. Hu A. H. C. van Bruggen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1997,103(1):55-63
Testing of soil samples in greenhouse assays for suppressiveness to soilborne plant pathogens requires a considerable investment in time and effort as well as large numbers of soil samples. To make it possible to process large numbers of samples efficiently, we compared an in vitro growth assay with a damping-off assay using Pythium aphanidermatum as the test organism on tomato seedlings. The in vitro test compares the radial growth or relative growth of the fungus in soil to that in autoclaved soil and reflects suppressiveness of soils to the pathogen. We used soils from a field experiment that had been farmed either organically or conventionally and into which a cover crop (oats and vetch in mixture) had been incorporated 0, 10, 21, and 35 days previously. We obtained a significant, positive correlation between damping-off severities of tomato seedlings in damping-off assays and both relative and radial growth in vitro. In addition, radial and relative growth of P. aphanidermatum in the in vitro assay were positively correlated with several carbon and nitrogen variables measured for soil and incorporated debris. We did not find differences between the two farming systems for either growth measures of P. aphanidermatum or disease severities on tomato at different stages of cover crop decomposition. The in vitro assay shows potential for use with any fungus that exhibits rapid saprophytic growth, and is most suitable for routine application in suppressiveness testing. 相似文献
80.
三七根结线虫病在云南发现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据寄主反应和血清学试验将我国分离的16个黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)分离物及4个标准毒株(Fny、Lny,M和WL)区分为两个亚组。14个分离物及标准毒株Fny、M属亚组IDTL血清组,2个分离物及标准毒株Lny、WL属亚组ⅡToRS血清组。选用9科23种(或品种)植物进行寄主反应测定,发现茄科的心叶烟(N.glutinosa)、普通烟(N.tabacum cv.Xainthi-NC)及葫芦科的西葫芦(Cucurbita pepo)能将两亚组分离物区分开。采用法国和美国提供的8个单克隆抗体进行单、多克隆抗体夹心ELISA测定,能区分两亚组的分离物,首次证实在我国存在两个亚组的CMV分离物。 相似文献