The known unknowns of equine mammary neoplasia     

K. Hughes 《Equine Veterinary Education》2021,33(9):464-467

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Clinical features and heritability of hypoadrenocorticism in Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers: 25 cases (1994-2006)     

Hughes AM  Nelson RW  Famula TR  Bannasch DL 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(3):407-412

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical features and heritability of naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism in Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers (NSDTRs). DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 25 NSDTRs with hypoadrenocorticism. PROCEDURES: Questionnaires completed by owners of NSDTRs with hypoadrenocorticism and medical records from veterinarians were reviewed for information regarding diagnosis, age at diagnosis, concurrent diseases, age at death, and cause of death. Pedigrees were analyzed for heritability and mode of inheritance of hypoadrenocorticism (including complex segregation analysis of pedigrees of 1,515 dogs). RESULTS: On the basis of results of ACTH stimulation testing, hypoadrenocorticism was diagnosed in 16 female and 9 male NSDTRs (including 6 full siblings). Median age at diagnosis was 2.6 years; the diagnosis was made prior to 2 years of age in 11 dogs. Seventeen dogs had hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, or both, and serum electrolyte concentrations were within reference ranges for 8 dogs at the time of diagnosis. Median survival time after diagnosis for 4 dogs that died or were euthanized as a result of medical causes was 1.6 years. Heritability was calculated at 0.98 with no sex effect, and complex segregation analysis fit a major gene model with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In NSDTRs, hypoadrenocorticism was diagnosed at an earlier age, compared with published reports of age at diagnosis among the general dog population. Among the study dogs, 32% had no serum electrolyte abnormalities at the time of diagnosis, and the disease appeared to have an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance in the breed.  相似文献   

Comparison of tracheal aspirates before and after high-speed treadmill exercise in racehorses     

Malikides N  Hughes KJ  Hodgson JL 《Australian veterinary journal》2007,85(10):414-419

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether percentages of neutrophils in tracheal aspirate (TA) samples collected from racehorses are increased after exercise and whether interpretation of results from TA samples taken before and after exercise agree. DESIGN: Case series of 40 young Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses in race training presented for evaluation of poor performance. PROCEDURE: TA samples were collected endoscopically from racehorses presented for poor performance 24 h before and 1 to 2 h after high speed treadmill exercise testing. Aliquots of the retrieved fluid were cytocentrifuged and smears were stained with Diff-Quik. Mean neutrophil counts were expressed as percentages of the total number of inflammatory cells counted and subsequently were categorised as either above or below an accepted cut-off of 20%. Comparisons between percentages of neutrophils before and after exercise were made. RESULTS: Percentage of neutrophils from TA samples obtained from racehorses after exercise was significantly higher than neutrophil percentages from TA samples collected from the same horse before exercise. In horses with TA specimens that were categorised as having < or = 20% neutrophils before treadmill exercise, the percentage of neutrophils in their TA specimens after exercise was, on average, significantly higher and was greater than the cut-off value of 20%. CONCLUSION: Recent strenuous exercise may change the proportion of neutrophils in lower airways of racehorses and practitioners should be aware of this when collecting and interpreting the results from TA samples. The most practical time for collection of a TA sample to obtain the most diagnostically useful information might be after a suitable washout period of at least 1 to 2 h post-exercise.  相似文献   

Using morphometrics to identify sex in the eastern blue-tongued skink (Tiliqua scincoides)     

A Bird  D Monks  IP Hughes 《Australian veterinary journal》2023,101(7):282-290

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鸢尾种质资源抗旱性综合评价及生理机制研究     

薛新平  薄伟  王松  康红梅  王晋 《种子》2022,(1):49-55

以8种鸢尾属植物为试验材料,采用盆栽自然持续控水,设置0 d(田间持水量的80%～85%)、7 d(田间持水量的70%～75%)、14 d(田间持水量的60%～65%)、21 d(田间持水量的40%～45%)和28 d(田间持水量的20%～25%)等5个干旱处理,基于主成分分析结合隶属函数值对参试鸢尾进行抗旱性综合评价。结果表明,与对照相比,处理28 d时多数鸢尾的叶长、叶鲜重和干重均有不同程度减少,且叶鲜重下降显著。土壤干旱对鸢尾生长指标影响表现为:叶鲜重、叶长、叶干重;干旱胁迫下,不同抗旱指标所反映鸢尾属植物的抗旱性结果不同,且部分指标之间呈显著相关;抗旱性综合评价结果表明,扁竹花、德国鸢尾、蝴蝶花抗旱能力较强。细胞膜透性(CMP)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性可作为鸢尾属植物抗旱性的重要筛选指标。研究表明,当土壤含水量为田间持水量的60%～65%时,抗旱能力较强的扁竹花、德国鸢尾和蝴蝶花生理状况较好。因此,3种鸢尾在园林应用时可将灌水量控制在田间持水量的60%～65%,以达到节水栽培的目的。  相似文献   

三种类型农田排水沟渠氮磷拦截效果比较   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

王岩  王建国  李伟  薄录吉  杨林章 《土壤》2009,41(6):902-906

为了了解太湖地区不同类犁农田排水沟渠对N、P拦截效果的影响,分别在野外构建了3种类型的农田排水沟渠,即生态沟渠、混凝土沟渠和土质沟渠.研究了不同进水N、P浓度、不同水力停留时间和不同进水流速条件下,3种类型沟渠的N、P拦截效果.结果表明:在水力停留时间分别为24 h和48 h静态试验以及在固定进水流速的动态试验中,沟渠对不同进水N、P浓度的N、P去除牢大小顺序是:生态沟渠、土质沟渠和混凝土沟渠,其中,生态沟渠明显优于其他沟渠.在固定进水浓度的条件下,沟渠在不同水力停留时间下的N、P去除率大小顺序为;生态沟渠、土质沟渠和混凝土沟渠,其中,生态沟渠明显好于其他沟渠.在高、低两种进水流速和固定进水浓度条件下.生态沟渠在低进水流速下的N、P去除率明显优于其他沟渠.在不同进水浓度条件下,生态沟渠最佳水力停留时间为48 h.  相似文献   

盐碱地低盐水池塘网箱套养漠斑牙鲆技术研究     

薄学锋  张汉珍  刘金明  苑春亭  王法琴 《渔业现代化》2008,35(3)

根据漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma)适广温、广盐和较强的抗逆性等优良生态习性,采用地下卤水、盐碱地渗水,通过合理淡水配兑使其适合漠斑牙鲆生理生长需求,在我国中纬度地区利用盐碱地低盐水养殖过洋、暖温性漠斑牙鲆。2004-2005年,利用盐碱地低盐水池塘虾池设置网箱套养漠斑牙鲆349.5m2,产鱼3.749t,产虾55.065t,其中2005年虾池设置网箱套养漠斑牙鲆306m2,产鱼3.245t,平均10.6kg/m2,平均全长34.0cm,体重527.4g,养殖成活率为90.5%,产虾49.003t,平均408.4kg/亩,平均规格11.9cm,养殖成活率为71.23%。虾池设置网箱套养漠斑牙鲆,可充分利用水体空间,促使池塘高产高效,提高养殖经济效益。  相似文献   

香鳞毛蕨不同生境土壤养分与微生物多样性的研究     

卜志刚  王琦  陈玲玲  陶文青  常缨 《北方园艺》2017,(14)

以黑龙江省6个香鳞毛蕨主产地(五大连池二池、五大连池三池、老黑山、镜泊湖、民俗村、镜泊峡谷)土壤为试材,利用常规实验室分析法和Biolog-Eco微平板法,研究了黑龙江省香鳞毛蕨产地土壤微生物的群落特征。对土壤养分、多样性指数及不同生境土壤对碳源的利用情况进行分析。结果表明:1)土壤有机质、全氮含量表现为老黑山最低,其他香鳞毛蕨产地间差异不显著;土壤碱解氮含量表现为五大连池三池五大连池二池民俗村、老黑山、镜泊湖、镜泊峡谷;土壤全磷含量表现为五大连池三池、五大连池二池最低,其他香鳞毛蕨产地间差异不显著;土壤速效磷含量表现为镜泊湖火山群样地较低,五大连池火山群样地较高;全钾含量表现为镜泊湖、老黑山五大连池二池、民俗村、镜泊峡谷、五大连池三池;速效钾含量表现为镜泊湖民俗村老黑山、镜泊峡谷、五大连池三池五大连池二池;缓效钾含量表现为老黑山五大连池三池五大连池二池镜泊湖、镜泊峡谷民俗村;pH介于5.38~6.56,且不同样地pH变化范围较小,变异系数为8.99%。2)各产地的土壤微生物群落功能多样性指数表现为镜泊湖镜泊峡谷、民俗村老黑山五大连池二池、五大连池三池。3)不同香鳞毛蕨产地土壤微生物碳源利用的主成分分析(PCA)表明糖类、氨基酸类、多聚物类、羧酸类、胺类和酚酸类碳源是香鳞毛蕨土壤微生物功能多样性差异的敏感碳源。4)聚类分析表明,五大连池二池和三池的土壤微生物具有相近的碳源利用模式,镜泊湖和镜泊峡谷土壤微生物的碳源利用模式相近,而老黑山和民俗村土壤微生物的碳源利用模式相近。  相似文献   

Calibration and validation of optical chlorophyll‐measuring devices for use in predicting crude protein concentration in tropical grass herbage          下载免费PDF全文

M. P. Hughes  C. H. O. Lallo  V. Mlambo  P. G. A. Jennings 《Grass and Forage Science》2017,72(1):118-136

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the Fieldscout CM 1000 NDVI and Yara N‐Tester as easy‐to‐use and cost‐effective tools for predicting foliar chlorophylls (a, b and total) and crude protein (CP) concentrations in herbage from three tropical grass species. Optical chlorophyll measurements were taken at three stages (4, 8 and 12 weeks) of regrowth maturity in Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) and Mulato II (Brachiaria hybrid) and at 6 and 12 weeks maturity in Paspalum spp (Paspalum atratum). Grass samples were harvested subsequent to optical measurements for laboratory analysis to determine CP and solvent‐extractable chlorophylls (a, b and total) concentrations. Optical chlorophyll measurements and CP concentrations were highly correlated (Yara N‐Tester: r² = 0·77–0·89; Fieldscout CM 1000 NDVI: r² = 0·52–0·84). Crude protein prediction models from the Yara N‐Tester and Fieldscout CM 1000 NDVI accounted for 70–89% and 44–73% CP variability, respectively, in Mulato II and Guinea grass. The Yara N‐tester produced more accurate and reliable CP estimates based on very high concordance correlation coefficient [CCC (0·73–0·91)] and low rMSPE, mean and regression bias. It is concluded that the Yara N‐Tester produces more accurate and reliable CP estimates of tropical pastures.  相似文献   

考虑渗流和地震时的砂土边坡稳定性计算     

卢玉林  薄景山  陈晓冉  王丽 《保鲜与加工》2017,(1):65-75

基于极限平衡理论,以砂土边坡为研究对象,推导了渗流和地震存在时拟静力法和拟动力法边坡安全系数的计算表达式。通过程序求解,与已有算例对比表明,计算结果基本一致,验证了2种方法解析式的合理性。参数分析表明,水位越高,边坡失稳越严重,水力梯度与安全系数基本为线性关系。渗流方向向下时,稳定性随水力梯度的增加而增大;渗流方向向上时,变化规律相反。水平地震加速度系数对稳定性的影响剧烈,竖向地震加速度系数对稳定性影响较小,简化计算可以忽略不计。最终得出拟静力法的解析式,简单、实用,而拟动力法则可以更为全面地考察砂土边坡稳定性随时间变化的特点。  相似文献