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51.
Hans Nickmans Hugues Titeux Kris Verheyen Quentin Ponette 《European Journal of Forest Research》2018,137(6):807-817
In mixed-species forests, tree species composition can affect nutrient return through litter fall. This in turn is expected to have an effect on soil available nutrients, which could influence the nutrient status at the local tree level. Using ion-exchange resins, we estimated resin available soil nutrients at two depths beneath target trees of sessile oak and beech in the Belgian Ardennes. First we tested whether resin available nutrients were related to tree nutrition, using foliar nutrient concentrations as a proxy. In a second step, we tested whether local litter fall, through total nutrient return or litter species composition, affected resin available nutrients. In a final stage, we tested the impacts of local stand composition, as an integrated proxy of above- and belowground processes, and compared them to those of litter composition. With the exception of P for oak, nutrient supply was only poorly related to foliar nutrient concentrations for both target species. The effects of litter fall on nutrient supply were driven by litter species composition and not by total nutrient inputs. Litter composition and local stand composition effects were in close agreement. Our results show that nutrient supply to target trees in mixed-species stands is affected by local neighbourhoods, yet to a limited extent. Direct translation of resin available nutrients into foliar concentrations is probably hampered by complex capture patterns. 相似文献
52.
Anderson F. da Cunha Sara J. Ramos Michelle Domingues Amanda Shelby Hugues Beaufrère Rhett Stout Mark J. Acierno 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(5):1068-1075
Objectives
1) To determine which peripheral artery commonly used for invasive arterial blood pressure (IBP) monitoring yields the least bias when compared with noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) values obtained at the antebrachium of the dog, and 2) to identify and describe differences in systolic (SAP), mean (MAP) and diastolic arterial pressures (DAP) among different anatomical locations.Study design
Prospective experimental study.Animals
Twenty adult hound dogs weighing 24.5 ± 1.1 kg (mean ± standard deviation).Methods
Four peripheral arteries—dorsal pedal, median caudal, intermediate auricular and superficial palmar arteries—were catheterized with 20 gauge, 3.8 cm catheters. One NIBP cuff was placed in the middle third of the antebrachium. Four sets of IBP and NIBP measurements were simultaneously collected every 2 minutes. A linear mixed model was performed to analyze the collected data.Results
IBP values varied depending on the arterial catheterization site. The difference was greater for SAP. NIBP measured at the antebrachium had the best agreement with IBP measured at the median caudal artery.Conclusion and clinical relevance
IBP varies among anatomical locations. The smallest bias and narrowest limits of agreement were obtained at the median caudal artery, providing the best overall agreement with the equipment studied. The median caudal artery may be the preferable anatomical location for clinical comparison studies between IBP and NIBP in dogs when the cuff is on the antebrachium. 相似文献53.
54.
Laboratory blood analysis in Strigiformes—Part II: plasma biochemistry reference intervals and agreement between the Abaxis Vetscan V2 and the Roche Cobas c501 
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57.
Humblet MF Guyot H Boudry B Mbayahi F Hanzen C Rollin F Godeau JM 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2006,35(2):188-193
BACKGROUND: Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A are major acute phase proteins in cattle. Dairy cattle often develop pathologic conditions in the peripartum period; acute phase proteins may be useful in their diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of serum haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations with clinical health status for diagnosing disease during the peripartum period in dairy cattle. METHODS: Dairy cows from 4 herds were evaluated every 15 days over a 6-month period. Health status was determined by thorough clinical examination. Haptoglobin and SAA concentrations were measured in serum using validated methods and the results were classified as positive or negative based on defined cutoff points. Disease prevalence, sensitivity, and specificity were compared using clinical examination as the gold standard. RESULTS: A total of 1896 samples from 158 cows were analyzed. Significant increases in mean Hp and SAA concentrations were observed in the week following parturition in both primiparous and multiparous cows, although high interindividual variability was observed. Both Hp and SAA had low sensitivity but higher specificity in determining disease status compared with clinical examination. Increased concentrations of Hp and SAA were found in <10% of samples from clinically healthy cows, except in the week after parturition. CONCLUSIONS: Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A should be used with caution as markers of inflammation in the week after calving. Poor sensitivity in other postpartum periods could be related to the higher incidence of chronic (vs acute) inflammation. Haptoglobin may be appropriate for routine screening, but further work needs to be done to assess its value as an indicator of herd health. 相似文献
58.
Rasolofo Razanamparany V Quirin R Rapaoliarijaona A Rakotoaritahina H Vololonirina EJ Rasolonavalona T Ferdinand S Sola C Rastogi N Ramarokoto H Chanteau S 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,114(1-2):115-122
Tuberculosis is highly prevalent in cattle in Madagascar. An epidemiological study based on genotyping of Mycobacterium bovis and its transmission to humans was carried out. The restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110 and DR markers) and spoligotyping were used to assess the genetic diversity of strains from different regions of Madagascar. One of these strains was isolated from goat, the other strains were isolated from zebu cattle. Nine IS6110 profiles, 20 DR profiles and 12 spoligotypes were obtained. About 90% of all isolates gave a single IS6110 band at about 1.8 kb. Most strains had the same spoligotype. M. bovis strains commonly lack spacers 39-43, and all Malagasy strains also lacked spacers 3-5, 8-10 and 16. This pattern has not been reported elsewhere. DR was the most discriminatory of the three markers. The patterns obtained with the three markers were combined to identify 34 different genotypes, one of which was found in 35% of the strains. No region-specific M. bovis genotype was identified, but the genotyping of 18 M. bovis strains isolated from patients showed that the human and bovine strains were identical, suggesting possible human contamination from zebu cattle. 相似文献
59.
Popa I Pin D Remoué N Remoué N Osta B Callejon S Videmont E Gatto H Portoukalian J Haftek M 《Veterinary research communications》2011,35(8):501-509
Alterations of the lipid expression in the skin of human and canine atopic subjects may be one of the key factors in the disease
development. We have analyzed the ultrastructure of the clinically uninvolved skin of atopic dogs and compared it with the
lipid composition of their tape-stripped stratum corneum (SC). The effect of a 2 month treatment of atopic dogs by food supplementation
with a mixture of essential fatty acids was evaluated on skin samples taken before and after the treatment period. Electron
microscopy revealed that the non-lesional skin of atopic dogs exhibited an abnormal and largely incomplete structure of the
lamellar lipids with little cohesion between the corneocyte strata. The SC of atopic dogs was characterized by a significant
decrease in the lipid content when compared to the healthy controls. Following oral supplementation with the mixture of essential
fatty acids, the overall lipid content of the SC markedly increased. This feature was observed both with the free and, most
importantly, with the protein-bound lipids (cholesterol, fatty acids and ceramides), the latter constituting the corneocyte-bound
scaffold for ordinate organisation of the extracellular lipid bi-layers. Indeed, the semi-quantitative electron microscopy
study revealed that the treatment resulted in a significantly improved organization of the lamellar lipids in the lower SC,
comparable to that of the healthy dogs. Our results indicate the potential interest of long-term alimentary supplementation
with omega-6 and omega-3 essential fatty acids in canine atopic dermatitis. 相似文献