The Effects of Freshwater Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Extract on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) in Prediabetic Patients in Taiwan     

Tse-Hung Huang  Chiao-Hsu Ke  Chin-Chang Chen  Cheng-Hsun Chuang  Kuang-Wen Liao  Yi-Hsien Shiao  Chen-Si Lin 《Marine drugs》2022,20(4)

Freshwater clam extract (FCE) is a functional food that regulates the immune system and has been demonstrated in numerous studies to display desirable anti–tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) responses. In addition, excess TNF-α production is positively associated with type 2 diabetes. However, few longitudinal clinical studies evaluating the efficiency and toxicity of FCE are available. This article reports that patients with prediabetes who received FCE had a desirable outcome of a reduction in serum TNF-α for a long period. This was a double-blind, randomized, parallel clinical trial conducted using FCE intervention and placebo groups, and 36 patients with prediabetes were enrolled. Two grams of FCE or placebo was consumed daily for 180 consecutive days. The serum of the participants was collected at four time points (0M: before the intervention; 3M: after 3 months of intervention; 6M: after 6 months of intervention; 12M: 6 months after cessation of intervention at 6M). A serum TNF-α concentration higher than 4.05 pg/mL was defined as a cut-off value. FCE reduced serum TNF-α in all participants at 6M and 12M. Moreover, FCE significantly suppressed serum TNF-α concentrations at 6M and 12M and inhibited TNF-α release with time series in subjects with elevated TNF-α values. FCE intervention effectively reduced serum TNF-α and persistently sustained the effects for half a year in patients with prediabetes. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GS-MS) analysis revealed that the major components of FCE were phytosterols and fatty acids, which exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-TNF-α abilities. Hence, FCE has the potential to be developed as a natural treatment for prediabetic patients in Taiwan.  相似文献   

云斑尖塘鳢♀×线纹尖塘鳢♂杂交育种的初步研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李春枝  李敏  黄永强  李本旺  莫介化  王晓斌  陆昌胜 《水产养殖》2010,31(9):30-32

利用从国外引进的云斑、线纹尖塘鳢的自繁后代,经过强化培育、性腺促熟后,2009年5-9月开展人工杂交试验。试验结果:孵化水温28~30℃时,云斑尖塘鳢♀×线纹尖塘鳢♂孵化时间68h,受精率为90.0%,孵化率为83.6%,培苗出苗率为60.51%,研究证明尖塘鳢属种间杂交可以成功。  相似文献   

Effects of dietary live or heat‐inactivated autochthonous Bacillus pumilus SE5 on growth performance,immune responses and immune gene expression in grouper Epinephelus coioides          下载免费PDF全文

Y.‐Y. Yan  H.‐Q. Xia  H.‐L. Yang  S.H. Hoseinifar  Y.‐Z. Sun 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2016,22(3):698-707

To evaluate the possible dietary application of live and heat‐inactivated probiotic Bacillus pumilus SE5 in grouper Epinephelus coioides, juveniles (14.6 ± 0.2 g) were fed either a basal control diet (without probiotic) or the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 × 10⁸ CFU g^?1 live (T1) and heat‐inactivated B. pumilus SE5 (T2). The heat‐inactivated probiotic significantly improved the final weight, weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) at day 60 and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) at day 30 and 60, while the viable probiotic significantly decreased the FCR at day 60 (P < 0.05). Phagocytic activity, serum complement C3 and IgM levels as well as SOD activity elevated significantly in fish fed the heat‐inactivated probiotic for 60 days (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the heat‐inactivated probiotic remarkably up‐regulated expression of TLR2 and pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐8 and IL‐1β) in head kidney (P < 0.05), but the viable probiotic failed to do so. These results indicated that heat‐inactivated B. pumilus SE5 can effectively improve the growth performance and immune responses of E. coioides.  相似文献   

新海洋法与世界渔业的发展趋势     

黄硕琳 《水产学报》1990,14(1):72-78

一、新海洋法中的渔业规则 (一)1982年海洋法公约中的渔业规则在国际法中的地位 联合国第三次海洋法会议于1978年底召开,经过长期协商,于1982年4月23日通过了《海洋法公约》,公约于1982年12月10日开始签字,有119个国家立即签了字。到1985年11月为止,共有159  相似文献   

盐碱胁迫下青海湖裸鲤鳃基因表达差异   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭雯翡  么宗利  来琦芳  史建全  周凯  祁洪芳  李子牛  王慧 《海洋渔业》2012,34(2):137-144

采用抑制消减杂交(suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH)技术,研究了青海湖裸鲤(Gymnocyprisprzewalskii)在高盐碱胁迫下转录水平上的基因表达差异,实验获得差异表达序列91条,其中成功注释60条。以同是鲤科鱼类的斑马鱼(Danio rerio)的基因ID作为参照,用DAVID软件对这些序列进行功能分类,结果从正向文库获得28条功能基因片段,反向文库获得14条。按功能将其分为10类,其中,催化活性、细胞、部分结合相关基因表达上调,结合、免疫相关基因表达下调。分析发现,高盐碱胁迫会改变鱼类的渗透压和酸碱平衡,对免疫系统产生一定的抑制作用,对此,鱼类通过增强离子调控、提高血清尿素氮浓度、合成应激蛋白等,来维持渗透压和酸碱平衡,缓解应激反应。  相似文献   

基于Ecopath模型的巢湖生态系统结构与功能初步分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

刘恩生  李云凯  臧日伟  王辉 《水产学报》2014,38(3):417-425

为分析和掌握巢湖生态系统结构与功能的特征参数,结合2007—2010年巢湖渔业资源调查数据,应用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.1软件构建了巢湖生态系统的食物网模型。模型由16个功能组组成,包括初级生产者、主要鱼类、无脊椎动物和有机碎屑等。结果显示,巢湖生态系统食物网主要由4个整合营养级构成,系统规模总流量、总生产量和总消耗量都较大,分别为41 003.08、17 937.42和4 486.67 t/(km2·a);能量流动主要发生在Ⅱ、Ⅲ营养级间;参照Odum的生态系统成熟程度判定指标发现,巢湖生态系统高的生产量和呼吸比值(TPP/TR)和净初级生产量(NPP),以及较低的系统连接指数(CI)、系统杂食指数(SOI)、Finn's循环指数(FCI)和Finn's平均路径长度(FMPL)都表明:巢湖生态系统结构与功能的特征参数远没有达到成熟生态系统的标准,且劣于富营养化的太湖生态系统。从生态系统结构分析发现,导致巢湖生态系统退化的关键原因是浮游植物生物量、生产量过高,被生态系统利用的效率极低,从而导致生物多样性下降、食物网趋于简单、能量流动不畅。  相似文献   

鳜鱼的人工繁殖技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄丽萍 《中国水产》2011,(2):40-41

一、亲鱼的来源与培养 1.亲鱼的来源一是捕捞长江流域野生鳜鱼,驯养培育作亲本,二是用人工养殖的长江水系鳜鱼培育为亲本。以防止近亲繁殖,避免南方早繁苗携带特定病原体,改变目前用南方早繁苗当年鳜鱼集中年底上市局面,实现均衡应市。  相似文献   

Changes in fatty acid and sterol composition during oogenesis in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera     

Isabelle Vahirua‐Lechat  Frédéric Laure  Jean René LeCoz  Jean Pierre Bianchini  Mereani Bellais  Gilles Le Moullac 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(16):1739-1746

The fatty acid and sterol composition of the oyster Pinctada margaritifera during oogenesis and in eggs was analysed. No major differences were observed during oogenesis, but the egg composition was significantly different from that of gonads. The amount of saturated fatty acids was the highest in eggs and the C16:0 predominant (P<5%); by contrast, the amount of 22:6(n‐3) was significantly lower (P<5%) than in gonads. No major differences were observed for the polar lipid (PL) composition during oogenesis. The main free sterols in gonads and eggs were cholesterol and brassicasterol. Among free sterols, the proportion of cholesterol diminished continuously from the beginning to the end of gonad maturation, and this decrease persisted in eggs after spawning. Cholesterol represented 40% to 55% of the sterol ester encountered in gonad and eggs. This study allowed us to investigate the fatty acid and sterol composition during oogenesis of the pearl oyster P. margaritifera, leading to a clearer understanding of the nutritional requirements of pearl oyster during the reproduction process.  相似文献   

水下圆形重力式网箱缆绳张力对波、流的响应特性     

刘圣聪  黄六一  倪益  程晖  赵芬芳  王欣欣  梁振林  KINOSHITA Takeshi 《水产学报》2019,43(6):1518-1526

通过模型试验研究了周长40 m、网高10 m的HDPE圆形升降式网箱沉降在水下时的缆绳张力。试验采用狄克逊准则,模型大比例尺λ=10和小比例尺λa=λd=2;网箱采用网格形式锚泊系统。试验时前主缆绳水平方向与波流夹角为0°,试验流速为0、5、10和15 cm/s,波浪周期范围1.3～2.2 s,波高范围10～30 cm。在各试验条件下对主缆绳和系框绳以及浮框绳张力进行了测试,以受力最大的缆绳为研究对象,分析了缆绳最大张力与波流因子之间的关系。结果显示:①在纯流作用下,前主缆绳受力最大;在纯波作用下,后侧主缆绳受力最大,最大张力随波高增大呈线性增长趋势,随周期变化的影响较小。②在波流作用下,高流速、低波高、高波周期条件时前主缆绳受力最大;在低流速、高波高、低波周期时后侧主缆绳受力最大;前主缆绳受水流作用影响较大,后侧主缆绳受波浪作用影响较大。③在波流作用下,各缆绳最大张力随波高、流速增大而增大,随周期增大而减小;后侧主缆绳最大张力无量纲量随波陡增大且基本呈线性增长趋势。  相似文献   

中华倒刺鲃仔、稚鱼的耳石微结构与日轮形成特征     

李忠利  黄辉  冉辉  梁正其  何勇 《水生态学杂志》2015,36(3):83-88

以中华倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus sinensis)亲鱼为材料,在实验室养殖条件下以人工孵化的丰年虫(Eubranchipus vernalis)为仔、稚鱼饵料,通过已知日龄法观察其耳石的微结构,分析其日轮形成特征。结果表明,仔、稚鱼的微耳石和矢耳石一般由1个中心核和1个耳石原基组成,少数存在多个中心核或原基现象,星耳石中心核和原基区分不明显。微耳石和矢耳石中心核直径分别为(37.73±5.34)μm和(39.78±7.11)μm,耳石原基直径分别为(16.29±3.46)μm和(17.09±3.88)μm。矢耳石和星耳石轮纹清晰度、规律性、周期性和完整性不及微耳石;微耳石第1条日轮在仔鱼出膜后第2天形成,以后每天沉积1轮。30日龄稚鱼微耳石轮纹数(N)与日龄(T)的关系符合直线模型,相关关系式为:N=1.0016T-0.8753(R2=0.9961,P<0.01,n=197),线性方程斜率与1无显著性差异(P>0.05)。在微耳石和矢耳石样本中共观察到孵化标记轮和转移标记轮2种,其中孵化标记轮的出现率分别为78.68%和83.33%,转移标记轮的出现率分别为29.95%和48.98%。60尾33日龄稚鱼微耳石的生长轮宽度变化范围0.522~2.244μm,平均为(1.087±0.231)μm。  相似文献