Predicting the emergence of the codling moth,Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on a degree‐day scale in North America     

Vincent P Jones  Richard Hilton  Jay F Brunner  Walt J Bentley  Diane G Alston  Bruce Barrett  Robert A Van Steenwyk  Larry A Hull  James F Walgenbach  William W Coates  Timothy J Smith 《Pest management science》2013,69(12):1393-1398

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Diurnal patterns of nitrate assimilation in Kentucky bluegrass     

Zhongchun Jiang  Richard J. Hull 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(4):443-456

Kentucky bluegrass (Poapratensis L.) is a major C₃‐type forage and turfgrass, but it is less efficient than many grasses in utilizing nitrogen(N). To determine how this grass can accommodate its greater N need, diurnal patterns of nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and nitrite reductase activity (NiRA) in its leaves and roots were examined and compared with those in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Plants were grown under greenhouse or growth room conditions and assayed for NRA and NiRA by optimized in vivo methods. The diurnal patterns of NRA and NiRA indicated that Kentucky bluegrass could assimilate nitrate during the night at rates greater than or similar to those during the day. Leaf NRA of Kentucky bluegrass was minimal approximately 4 and 10 h after illumination commenced and increased at night. The diurnal pattern of leaf NRA among Kentucky bluegrass cultivars did not differ significantly. In roots, NRA of Kentucky bluegrass was high in the morning and decreased sharply during the afternoon and evening, but increased again late at night. Unlike Kentucky bluegrass, barley exhibited greater leaf NRA during the day than during the night and exhibited the greatest activity 6 or 10 h after illumination commenced. In both species, the equilibrium leaf nitrate pool was 20 to 30 times larger than the ammonium pool and 3, 000 to 13, 000 times larger than the nitrite pool. Leaf nitrate pool size showed a diurnal pattern complementary to that of leaf NRA. Our results suggest that a nighttime N use strategy might exist in Kentucky bluegrass.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibody in wild macropods     

AM JOHNSON  H ROBERTS  BL MUNDAY† 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(7):199-201

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to measure total antibody to Toxoplasma gondii in serum samples from macropods. The validity of the assay was established by comparing parasite isolation in mice for 17 Tasmanian pademelons (Thylogale billardierii) and 17 Bennett's wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus). The ELISA was then used to detect antibody against T. gondii in serum from 236 macropods, collected from 21 locations in Tasmania, including Flinders Island. Antibody against T. gondii was detected in 20 animals (15 T. billardierii and 5 M. rufogriseus). There was a significant (p less than 0.01) difference in possession of T. gondii antibodies between adult (greater than or equal to 1 year of age) Tasmanian pademelons and Bennett's wallabies.  相似文献   

Bronchobiliary fistula in a cow     

F H Welker  G F Hoffsis  D M Rings  B L Hull  R M Jacobs 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1984,185(4):440-441

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Prevention of Toxoplasma gondii abortion in goats by vaccination with oocysts of Hammondia hammondi     

BL MUNDAY  JP DUBEY† 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(5):150-153

Nineteen does (female goats) were dosed with 500,000 oocytes of Hammondia hammondi prior to breeding. At about 90 days of gestation these, and 18 uninoculated does were challenged with 25,000 Toxoplasma gondii oocysts. The 19 H. hammondi--inoculated does produced 26 live and one dead kid (newborn goat). The 18 does not given H. hammondi produced 12 live and 19 dead kids. However, examination of all of the kids by isolation of T. gondii in mice, serology and histology revealed that they were all infected with T. gondii. Thus, while H. hammondi "vaccination" is protective against the deleterious effects of T. gondii on pregnant does, perhaps by reducing the severity of placental lesions, it does not prevent foetal infection.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in mainland and sub-Antarctic New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) populations     

SA Michael  L Howe  BL Chilvers  PCH Morel  WD Roe 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2016,64(5):293-297

AIMS: To investigate the seroprevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri), as a potential contributor to reproductive failure.

METHODS: Archived sera were sourced from New Zealand sea lions from two recolonising mainland populations in the Otago Peninsula (n=15) and Stewart Island (n=12), as well as a declining population at Enderby Island (n=28) in the New Zealand sub-Antarctic. Sera were tested for antibodies to T. gondii using a commercially available ELISA (with samples considered positive if the sample to positive ratio was?>30%), and latex agglutination test (LAT; with titres ≥1:32 considered positive). Western blot analysis was used to validate the results of a subset of 14 samples.

RESULTS: Five samples from sea lions in mainland locations were confirmed positive for antibodies to T. gondii. Two adult females exhibited high LAT antibody titres (min 1:2048, max 1:4096) on both occasions when sampled 1 and 2 years apart, respectively. No animals from Enderby Island were seropositive.

CONCLUSIONS: Toxoplasma gondii infection is unlikely to be a major contributor to poor reproductive success in New Zealand sea lions. However, continued surveillance is pertinent to assess subclinical and clinical impacts of the parasite on these threatened populations. The commercial tests evaluated here, with further species-specific threshold refinement could provide a fast, inexpensive and reliable indicator of T. gondii exposure in New Zealand sea lions.  相似文献   

Conservative treatment of a humeral fracture in a heifer          下载免费PDF全文

Saint-Jean G  Hull BL 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(11):704-706

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Fifty Years of Physics--A Study in Contrasts     

Hull GF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1946,104(2698):238-244

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SUGAR BEET YELLOWS IN GREAT BRITAIN, 1959     

R. Hull 《Plant pathology》1960,9(4):151-152

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Repair of femoral capital physeal fractures in 12 cattle     

Ewoldt JM  Hull BL  Ayars WH 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2003,32(1):30-36

OBJECTIVE: To document signalment, clinical signs, and long-term outcome of surgical treatment for femoral capital physeal fractures in cattle. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. Animals-Twelve cattle with femoral capital physeal fractures. METHODS: Cases were identified by a search of radiographic records. Historical, diagnostic, surgical, and outcome data were collected from the medical records. Owners were contacted for follow-up information by telephone. RESULTS: Fractures were repaired by screws inserted in lag fashion in 4 animals and by use of multiple intramedullary pins in 8 animals. Six of 12 animals required repeat surgery to reposition screws or pins. Nine animals were considered successfully treated at discharge. Six months after surgery, 6 of 11 animals for which follow-up was obtained were still sound. At 12 months, 4 of 4 animals alive were still sound. Animals that bore weight earliest postoperatively were more likely to have a successful outcome. Animals <12 months of age had better outcomes than animals >12 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: Prognosis for serviceable soundness is good in cattle <12 months of age and fair in animals >12 months of age after surgical repair of femoral capital physeal fracture by stacking intramedullary pins or by screws inserted in lag fashion. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Surgical repair of femoral capital physeal fracture is most successful in younger cattle and can result in productive animals.  相似文献