THE PLANKTON OF FRESH WATER LAKES     

Marsh CD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1900,11(271):374-389

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Factors associated with the seroprevalence of pseudorabies virus in breeding swine from quarantined herds.     

R B Morrison  W E Marsh  P L Anderson  D G Thawley 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,199(5):580-583

Strategies for the elimination of pseudorabies virus (PRV) from swine herds include test and removal, offspring segregation, and depopulation/repopulation. The prevalence of PRV in a herd is a major factor in selection of the most appropriate strategy. The purpose of the study reported here was to describe the prevalence of PRV in adult swine in PRV quarantined herds in Minnesota, and to determine herd factors associated with the seroprevalence. Questionnaires describing the health history of the herd, management practices, and design of the swine facilities were obtained from the owners of 142 quarantined herds. Blood was collected from 29 finishing pigs over the age of 4 months, up to 29 adult females, and all herd boars. Factors considered to be significant in a bivariate analysis were combined in a stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of PRV-seropositive adults in each herd was bimodally distributed among the 142 herds. In 42 (30%) of the herds, none of the females tested was seropositive, which represented the lower mode. At least 90% of the adults tested were seropositive in 30 (21%) of the herds and represented the higher mode. The odds of the breeding swine of a given herd having a PRV seroprevalence of greater than or equal to 20% as compared with having a seroprevalence of less than 20% was 1.654 times higher per 50 adults in the herd, 13.550 times higher if the finishing pigs were seropositive, 2.378 times higher if sows were housed inside during gestation, and 1.481 times lower per number of years since the imposition of quarantine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Immunochemical characterization of proteins from scrapie-infected hamster brain, using immunoblot analysis     

W F Wade  C Dees  T L German  R F Marsh 《American journal of veterinary research》1987,48(7):1077-1081

Preparations of brain plasma membrane from scrapie-infected or noninfected hamsters were extracted with a solvent and were used to inoculate rabbits. Antisera evaluated by immunoblot analysis revealed a protein of 45 kD in scrapie-infected hamster brain that had a greater signal compared with proteins of comparable relative mass in noninfected brain. This 45-kD protein was not increased in scrapie-infected mouse, sheep, or goat brain. Seemingly, the 45-kD protein may be a degradation product of glial fibrillary acidic protein.  相似文献   

Distribution and activation of T-lymphocyte subsets in tuberculous bovine lymph-node granulomas     

Liebana E  Marsh S  Gough J  Nunez A  Vordermeier HM  Whelan A  Spencer Y  Clifton-Hardley R  Hewinson G  Johnson L 《Veterinary pathology》2007,44(3):366-372

The immune response against mycobacterial infections is dependant upon a complex interaction between T lymphocytes and macrophages in the context of the granuloma. For this study, we performed the analysis of 18 stage I or II, and 13 stage III or IV granulomas found in lymph nodes from 8 experimentally and 2 naturally infected cattle. T-cell subpopulations (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), WC1(+), CD25(+)) were investigated by immunohistochemistry. In the majority of stage I/II lesions, CD8(+) and CD25(+) cells were predominantly found in the lymphocytic outer region of the granuloma, suggesting a possible role for activated CD8(+) cells in the initial attempt to restrain the granuloma growth. CD4(+) T cells appeared equally distributed in the lymphocytic mantle and in the internal areas of the granulomas. WC1(+) cells appeared interspersed among the macrophages. We speculated that this could indicate a role for these 2 subsets in the maintenance and the maturation of the granuloma. In stage III/IV lesions, all of the T-cell subsets investigated appeared interspersed among the mononuclear component of the granulomas. In general terms, there was a higher density of CD8(+) cells compared with CD4(+) cells. However, there was no sense of rimming effect for any of the investigated cell populations.  相似文献   

S-nitrosylation of parkin regulates ubiquitination and compromises parkin's protective function     

Chung KK  Thomas B  Li X  Pletnikova O  Troncoso JC  Marsh L  Dawson VL  Dawson TM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5675):1328-1331

Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in the ubiquitination of proteins that are important in the survival of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). We show that parkin is S-nitrosylated in vitro, as well as in vivo in a mouse model of PD and in brains of patients with PD and diffuse Lewy body disease. Moreover, S-nitrosylation inhibits parkin's ubiquitin E3 ligase activity and its protective function. The inhibition of parkin's ubiquitin E3 ligase activity by S-nitrosylation could contribute to the degenerative process in these disorders by impairing the ubiquitination of parkin substrates.  相似文献   

Seasat altimeter calibration: initial results   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tapley BD  Born GH  Hagar HH  Lorell J  Parke ME  Diamante JM  Douglas BC  Goad CC  Kolenkiewicz R  Marsh JG  Martin CF  Smith SL  Townsend WF  Whitehead JA  Byrne HM  Fedor LS  Hammond DC  Mognard NM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1979,204(4400):1410-1412

Preliminary analysis of radar altimeter data indicates that the instrument has met its specifications for measuring spacecraft height above the ocean surface (+/- 10 centimeters) and significant wave height (+/- 0.5 meter). There is ample evidence that the radar altimeter, having undergone development through three earth orbit missions [Skylab, Geodynamics Experimental Ocean Satellite 3 (GEOS-3), and Seasat], has reached a level of precision that now makes possible its use for important quantitative oceanographic investigations and practical applications.  相似文献   

A COMPARISON BETWEEN SPRING AND AUTUMN PASTURE FOR BEEF CATTLE AT EQUAL GRAZING PRESSURES   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. Marsh 《Grass and Forage Science》1975,30(2):165-170

Two comparisons between spring and autumn pasture for beef cattle were made. Animals used in all comparisons were of similar breed and weight and were subjected to the same feeding regime for 6–8 weeks before turn-out. The pastures were grazed on an equal grazing pressure basis between season comparisons. The pastures received similar rates of fertilizer N between seasons and had similar lengths of rest period for regrowth. Intakes of digestible OM were greater per unit of metabolic liveweight in spring than in autumn. Daily liveweight gains in spring were high, being 1·09 and 1·37 kg (2·4 lb and 3·0 lb), but were lower from autumn pasture at 0·98 and 0·71 kg (2·2 lb and 1·6 lb). Weather was implicated as a factor affecting daily gain from autumn pasture. Greater herbage yields in spring supported 42 and 204 more grazing days per ha which together with the greater gains per animal supported 80–120% more liveweight gain/ha.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence of Neospora,Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis neurona antibodies in horses from Jeju island,South Korea     

Gupta GD  Lakritz J  Kim JH  Kim DY  Kim JK  Marsh AE 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,106(3):193-201

Parasite-specific antibody responses to Neospora spp. and Toxoplasma gondii, antigens were detected using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and immunoblot analysis in a korean equine population located on Jeju island, South Korea (126 degrees 12' E and 33 degrees 34' N). For comparison, a naturally infected Neospora hughesi horse and an experimentally inoculated T. gondii equid (pony) were used. In addition, all samples were tested for antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona by immunoblot analysis. A total of 191 serum samples from clinically normal horses were evaluated. Only 2% (4 out of 191) and 2.6% (5 out of 191) of the samples had showed reactivity at 1:100 using the IFAT for Neospora spp. and T. gondii, respectively. For T. gondii, two samples matched the antigen banding pattern of the positive control by immunoblot analysis. No sample was positive for N. hughesi by immunoblot analysis in this study. Overall, there was a 1% seroprevalence for T. gondii antibodies in the horses tested based on immunoblot analysis. The seroprevalence for S. neurona and N. hughesi antibodies was 0%. We concluded that these horses are either not routinely exposed to these parasites or antibody titers are not sufficiently elevated to be detectable. It is most likely the former explanation since Jeju island equine farms are isolated from the main land, and the horses were all less than 3 years of age. This na?ve population of horses could be useful when evaluating S. neurona serodiagnostic tests or evaluating potential S. neurona vaccines since exposure risks to S. neurona and closely related parasites are negligible.  相似文献   

THE POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF SILVICULTURAL TREATMENT IN PLANTATIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA     

E. K. Marsh 《Southern Forests》2013,75(1):2-8

The methods employed in the construction of new metric volume and percentage utilization tables for Eucalyptus grandis, based on 1 378 sample trees are described. Most of the complicated volume calculations were executed on a computer. Because of this, the formula for a frustum of a cone was used to calculate volumes of log sections. The logarithmic volume equation was used for the construction of the general volume table. It was found that bark thickness had a significant effect on the variation of tree volume. Therefore, volume tables for various bark thickness classes have been prepared in addition to a general table for average bark thickness. The relationship between breast height diameter and the percentage of the total volume to 2 inches tip represented by a given tip diameter class can be explained satisfactorily by regression of the probit transformation of the percentage volume on a polynomial of the reciprocal of breast height diameter. For metric conversion, the tip diameter class was introduced as an additional variable and the relationship was expressed by one equation for all the tip diameter classes combined. Imperial as well as metric equivalents of all equations established are given.  相似文献   

Tunneling Under the Digastricus Muscle Increases Salivary Duct Exposure and Completeness of Excision in Mandibular and Sublingual Sialoadenectomy in Dogs     

Andrew Marsh BS  Christopher Adin DVM  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(3):238-242

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