Simultaneous detection of the three ilarviruses affecting stone fruit trees by nonisotopic molecular hybridization and multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction     

Saade M  Aparicio F  Sánchez-Navarro JA  Herranz MC  Myrta A  Di Terlizzi B  Pallás V 《Phytopathology》2000,90(12):1330-1336

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Current status of the brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations within eastern Pyrenees genetic refuges          下载免费PDF全文

Rosa M. Araguas  Enric Aparicio  Nuria Sanz  Raquel Fernández‐Cebrián  Concha Marchante  José L. García‐Marín 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2017,26(1):120-132

Since the end of the 20th century, some headwaters of rivers in the eastern Pyrenees have been designated as genetic refuges to protect remaining native brown trout (Salmo trutta) diversity. The declaration was based on limited or no evidence of genetic impact from released non‐native Atlantic hatchery fish. Hatchery releases were completely banned into the genetic refuges, but pre‐existing fishing activities were maintained. Specific locations in each refuge have been monitored every 2–3 trout generations to update genetic information to accurately assess the contribution of these reservoirs to the preservation of native brown trout gene pools. This work updates genetic information to year 2014 in three of these locations (in Ter, Freser and Flamisell rivers). Previous studies identified hatchery introgressed populations within refuges and suggested discrepancies between the underlying intention of the genetic refuges and the gene pools detected. Therefore, we also examined genetic divergences among locations inside refuge river segments. Combined information at five microsatellite and the lactate dehydrogenase C (LDH‐C*) loci showed reduced but significant temporal native allele frequency fluctuations in some of the above specific locations that did not modify overall levels of local diversity and river divergences. Bayesian clustering analyses confirmed the presence of differentiated native units within each genetic refuge. Some locations of the Freser River within the genetic refuge area showed high hatchery impact of non‐native fish (over 20%). We discuss additional local actions (releases of native fish, selective removals and fishery reinforcement with sterile individuals) to improve the conservation objective of genetic refuges.  相似文献   

Akt (protein kinase B) preserves motility in stallion sperm by inhibiting caspases 3 and 7     

J.M. Gallardo Bolaños  C.M. Balao da Silva  P. Martín Muñoz  A. Morillo Rodríguez  María Plaza Dávila  I.M. Aparicio  J.A. Tapia  C. Ortega Ferrusola  F.J. Peña 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

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Identification of Apoptotic Bodies in Equine Semen     

AB Caselles  A Miro‐Moran  A Morillo Rodriguez  JM Gallardo Bolaños  C Ortega‐Ferrusola  GM Salido  FJ Peña  JA Tapia  IM Aparicio 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(2):254-262

Apoptosis in the testis is required to ensure an efficient spermatogenesis. However, sometimes, defective germ cells that are marked for elimination during this process escape elimination in the testes, giving rise to ejaculates with increased percentages of abnormal and apoptotic spermatozoa and a high percentage of apoptotic bodies. Apoptosis markers in the ejaculate have been associated with low fertility, either in animals or humans. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate whether fresh equine semen contains apoptotic bodies [initially named Merocyanine 540 (M540) bodies] and to study the relationship between the quantity of these bodies and cell concentration, the volume of ejaculate, viability and motility. Moreover, we also studied whether the presence apoptotic bodies in fresh semen was related to the resistance of the stallion spermatozoa to being incubated at 37°C or being frozen and thawed. Fresh equine semen was stained with fluorescent dyes such as M540 and Annexin‐V. Active Caspase 3 was studied in fresh semen through Western blotting and immunofluorescence with a specific antibody. Sperm kinematics was assessed in fresh, incubated and thawed samples using computer‐assisted semen analysis, and viability was evaluated with the LIVE/DEAD Sperm Viability Kit. Overall, our results demonstrate for the first time the presence of apoptotic bodies in equine semen. The quantity of apoptotic bodies was highly variable among stallions and was positively correlated with Caspase 3 activity in fresh samples and negatively correlated with the viability and motility of stallion spermatozoa after the cryopreservation process.  相似文献   

Environmental and genetic determination of protein content and grain yield in durum wheat under Mediterranean conditions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Y. Rharrabti    D. Villegas    L. F. Garcia del Moral  N. Aparicio    S. Elhani  C. Royo 《Plant Breeding》2001,120(5):381-388

The unpredictability of the Mediterranean climate causes fluctuations in wheat yield and quality, but offers the opportunity for obtaining high‐quality durum wheat in terms of grain protein content. Twenty‐five durum wheat genotypes were grown under irrigated and rainfed conditions at each of two latitudes in Spain during 1998 and 1999. Differences between latitudes in grain protein content and chlorophyll content in the flag leaf were attributable to nitrogen fertilization management. Cycle length until anthesis was less affected by the environment than grain‐filling duration, and was longer under irrigated conditions than in the rainfed sites. A negative asymptotic curve was the best equation to fit the relationship between yield and protein content, suggesting that yield improvements in fertile environments may be attained with negligible reductions in protein content. ‘Jabato’, ‘Waha’, ‘Lagost‐3’, ‘Massara‐1’ and ‘Vit?on’ showed medium to high yield, yield stability and high protein content. Chlorophyll content in the flag leaf, measured at anthesis with the soil‐plant analysis development (SPAD) portable field unit, may be useful for the fast and cheap detection of durum wheat genotypes with high grain protein content in drought‐stressed Mediterranean environments.  相似文献   

Last occurrence and survival during winter of the arbovirus vector Culicoides brevitarsis at the southern limits of its distribution     

AL BISHOP  IM BARCHIA  AM HARRIS 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(2):53-55

SUMMARY: Linear regression analysis was used to describe the decline in numbers of Culicoides brevitarsis Kieffer into winter with monthly maximum, average and minimum temperatures at the southern limits to its distribution in New South Wales. From this, low temperature thresholds were derived when C brevitarsis would be absent from the field. The low minimum threshold ± 2 SE (95% Confidence Interval) of 8.1 ± 0.3°C was used with historical temperature data to estimate the last month that the species should occur (March to June) and the mean number of months (2 to 6.5) below the threshold at 17 selected sites. Probability for survival during winter at these sites was estimated from years when the number of consecutive months below the threshold was ≤ 2 months. This varied from zero to 51% depending on the location of the site. Last occurrence was 0.7 months later on average and absolute probabilities for survival ranged from zero to 100% when the temperatures were increased by an arbitrary 2°C.  相似文献   

Genome-wide location and function of DNA binding proteins   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Ren B  Robert F  Wyrick JJ  Aparicio O  Jennings EG  Simon I  Zeitlinger J  Schreiber J  Hannett N  Kanin E  Volkert TL  Wilson CJ  Bell SP  Young RA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,290(5500):2306-2309

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秦汉律的罚金刑     

任仲爀 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,(3)

秦律的赀罚与二年律令的罚金虽然名称完全不同,但两者具有继承关系。秦律的赀二甲是对盗窃额未满110钱-22钱的处罚,赀一盾是对未满22钱-1钱的处罚。秦律的这些内容由二年律令继承。赀罚原来分为赀一盾、赀二盾、赀一甲、赀二甲等四个等级,后来赀二盾逐渐消失,形成赀一盾、赀一甲、赀二甲三个等级,这三个等级的比例为1:2:4,与二年律令的罚金一两、二两、四两的比例关系相一致。赀一盾的罚额为672钱,与罚金一两的价额625钱相差不大。赀一盾的价额672钱与秦律规定的日均劳动价额8钱有关,以一日劳役为八钱计算,672钱  相似文献   

Analytical Method for Biomonitoring of PAH Using Leaves of Bitter Orange Trees (Citrus aurantium): a Case Study in South Spain     

D. Fasani  P. Fermo  P. J. Barroso  J. Martín  J. L. Santos  I. Aparicio  E. Alonso 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(10):360

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Toll‐like receptor and related cytokine mRNA expression in bovine corpora lutea during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy          下载免费PDF全文

JE Gadsby  AM Tyson Nipper  HA Faircloth  M D'Annibale‐Tolhurst  J Chang  PW Farin  IM Sheldon  DH Poole 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(3):495-504

Improving our understanding of the mechanisms controlling the corpus luteum (CL) and its role in regulating the reproductive cycle should lead to improvements in the sustainability of today's global animal industry. The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine organ composed of a heterogeneous mixture steroidogenic, endothelial and immune cells, and it is becoming clear that immune mechanisms play a key role in CL regulation especially in luteolysis. Toll‐like receptors (TLR) mediate innate immune mechanisms via the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, especially within various tissues, although the role of TLR within CL remains unknown. Thus, the objectives of this study were to characterize TLR mRNA expression in the CL during the oestrous cycle and in pregnancy (day 30–50), and to examine the role of TLR signalling in luteal cells. Corpora lutea were collected at various stages of the cycle and pregnancy and analysed for TLR and cytokine mRNA expression. In addition, luteal cells were cultured with the TLR4 ligand (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) for 24 h to evaluate the role of TLR4 in regulating luteal function. Toll‐like receptors 1, 2, 4, 6, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interferon gamma (IFN‐G), and interleukin (IL)‐12, mRNA expressions were greatest in regressing CL compared with earlier stages (p < .05), whereas no change was observed for IL‐6 mRNA expression. Cytokine mRNA expression in cultured luteal cells was not altered by LPS. Based on these data, one or more of the TLRs found within the CL may play a role in luteolysis, perhaps via pro‐inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression.  相似文献