Pilot evaluation of the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Food-O-Meter, a computer-tailored nutrition advice for adolescents: a study in six European cities     

Maes L  Cook TL  Ottovaere C  Matthijs C  Moreno LA  Kersting M  Papadaki A  Manios Y  Dietrich S  Hallström L  Haerens L  De Bourdeaudhuij I  Vereecken C;HELENA Study Group 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(7):1292-1302

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The value of catch crops and organic manures for spring barley in organic arable farming     

Jrgen E. Olesen  Elly M. Hansen  Margrethe Askegaard  Ilse A. Rasmussen 《Field Crops Research》2007,100(2-3):168-178

The effect of nitrogen (N) supply and weeds on grain yield of spring barley was investigated from 1997 to 2004 in an organic farming crop rotation experiment in Denmark on three different soil types varying from coarse sand to sandy loam. Two experimental factors were included in the experiment in a factorial design: (1) catch crop (with and without), and (2) manure (with and without). The crop rotation included grass-clover as a green manure crop. Animal manure was applied as slurry in rates corresponding to 40% of the N demand of the cereal crops.

Application of 50 kg NH₄-N ha⁻¹ in manure (slurry) increased average barley grain DM yield by 1.0–1.3 Mg DM ha⁻¹, whereas the use of catch crops (primarily perennial ryegrass) increased grain DM yield by 0.2–0.4 Mg DM ha⁻¹ with the smallest effect on the loamy sand and sandy loam soils and the greatest effect on the coarse sandy soil. Model estimations showed that the average yield reduction from weeds varied from 0.2 to 0.4 Mg DM ha⁻¹ depending on weed species and density. The yield effects of N supply were more predictable and less variable than the effects of weed infestation. The infestation level of leaf diseases was low and not a significant source of yield variation.

The apparent recovery efficiency of N in grains (N use efficiency, NUE) from NH₄-N in applied manure varied from 29 to 38%. The NUE of above-ground N in catch crops sampled in November prior to the spring barley varied from 16 to 52% with the largest value on the coarse sandy soil and the smallest value on the sandy loam soil. A comparison of grain yield levels obtained at the different locations with changes in soil organic matter indicated a NUE of 21–26% for soil N mineralisation, which is smaller than that for the mineral N applied in manure. However, this estimate is uncertain and further studies are needed to quantify differences in NUE from various sources of N.

The proportion of perennial weeds in total biomass increased during the experiment, particularly in treatments without manure application. The results show that manure application is a key factor in maintaining good crop yields in arable organic farming on sandy soils, and in securing crops that are sufficiently competitive against perennial weeds.  相似文献   

Landscape variables associated with relative abundance of generalist mesopredators     

Denise Güthlin  Ilse Storch  Helmut Küchenhoff 《Landscape Ecology》2013,28(9):1687-1696

Increasing densities of generalist mesopredators are a major concern in the conservation of threatened prey species. Knowledge of landscape factors influencing mesopredator abundance is therefore of essential interest to conservation managers. Identification of landscape variables to measure mesopredator abundance necessitates application over a large area. Additionally, the method should be cost effective and applicable in different settings. In our study, we used feces counts to index the relative abundance of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in a densely forested mountain range, the Black Forest in Germany. Using a negative binomial regression, we found that landscape diversity and edge density best predicted differences in feces abundance, both showing a positive correlation with feces abundance. We used these results to predict relative red fox abundance for the entire Black Forest and correlated the results with the hunting bag statistic on the municipality level averaged over 11 years. The high correlation between these two independent measures of relative abundance confirmed our results and underlined the usefulness of feces counts to measure abundance of elusive species. The model approach we employed can be used to predict abundance of a wide range of species and regions by identifying factors that influence their abundance.  相似文献   

Elevated fructosamine concentrations caused by IgA paraproteinemia in two dogs     

Florian Zeugswetter  Miriam Kleiter  Birgitt Wolfesberger  Ilse Schwendenwein  Ingrid Miller 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2010,11(4):359-361

An 8-year-old male Austrian Pinscher and a 14-year-old male Golden Retriever were presented for evaluation due to unexplainable high fructosamine values despite euglycemia and epistaxis in combination with polydipsia/polyuria, respectively. Blood analysis revealed severe hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia and markedly elevated fructosamine concentrations in both dogs. Multiple myeloma with IgA-monoclonal gammopathy was diagnosed by serum and urine electrophoresis including immunodetection with an anti-dog IgA antibody and bone marrow aspirations. Diabetes mellitus was excluded by repeated plasma and urine glucose measurements. Fructosamine values were positively correlated with globulin, but negatively correlated with albumin concentrations. These cases suggest that, as in human patients, monoclonal IgA gammopathy should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis for dogs with high fructosamine concentrations.  相似文献   

Disseminated coccidoidomycosis in a koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)     

Burgdorf-Moisuk A  Stalis IH  Pye GW 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2012,43(1):197-199

A16-yr-old male koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) presented for nonspecific signs of illness and weight loss. Despite 2 mo of diagnostics and supportive care, the koala's health declined and euthanasia was elected. On histopathologic examination, lesions containing fungal organisms morphologically consistent with coccidioidomycosis were found in the lung, liver, spleen, kidney, lymph node, heart, eye, and bone marrow. Although disseminated infection was present, the koala was IgM and IgG seronegative for Coccidioides spp. 1 mo prior to euthanasia.  相似文献   

What do pedometer counts represent? A comparison between pedometer data and data from four different questionnaires     

De Cocker KA  De Bourdeaudhuij IM  Cardon GM 《Public health nutrition》2009,12(1):74-81

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Resistenzeigenschaften im Gersten- und Weizensortiment Gatersleben     

Ilse Nover  Rudolf Mansfeld 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1955,3(1):105-113

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Carbon budget of Pinus sylvestris saplings after four years of exposure to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration     

Janssens IA  Medlyn B  Gielen B  Laureysens I  Jach ME  Van Hove D  Ceulemans R 《Tree physiology》2005,25(3):325-337

To study the responses of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), a commercially important tree species in Europe, to future increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]), we grew saplings for 4 years in the ground in open-top chambers in ambient or ambient + 400 micromol mol(-1) CO2, without supplemental addition of nutrients and water. Carbon (C) budgets were developed for trees in both CO2 treatments based on productivity and biomass data obtained from destructive harvests at the end of the third and fourth years of treatment, and simulations of annual gross photosynthesis (P(tot)) and maintenance respiration by the model MAESTRA. Simulated P(tot) was enhanced by elevated [CO2], despite significant down-regulation of photosynthetic capacity. The subsequent increase in C uptake was allocated primarily to tissues with limited longevity (needles and fine roots), which explains why the measured annual increment in woody biomass did not differ between CO2 treatments. Thus, our results suggest that accelerated stem growth only occurs in the first 2 years in the presence of elevated [CO2] and that forest rotations will not be shortened significantly in response to increasing [CO2]. In elevated [CO2], a higher proportion of available C was allocated below ground, resulting in altered biomass distribution patterns. In trees of equal size, measured ratios of fine root/needle biomass and belowground/aboveground biomass were almost twice as large in the elevated [CO2] treatment. Although there are uncertainties in scaling from saplings to mature canopies, the data indicate that, in nutrient-limited Scots pine forests, elevated [CO2] is unlikely to accelerate tree growth significantly, but is likely to increase C inputs to soil.  相似文献   

Effect of estradiol‐17β during in vitro growth culture on the growth,maturation, cumulus expansion and development of porcine oocytes from early antral follicles          下载免费PDF全文

Naoko Kubo  Ilse Silvia Cayo‐Colca  Takashi Miyano 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(3):251-259

Growing porcine oocytes from early antral follicles can acquire meiotic and developmental competence under suitable culture conditions, but at lower rates compared to full‐grown oocytes. We postulated that estradiol‐17β (E₂) supported the acquisition of meiotic and developmental competence as well as cumulus‐expansion ability during growth culture. Growing oocytes from early antral follicles (1.2 to 1.5 mm in diameter) were grown in vitro for 5 days in a medium containing 0, 10^?7, 10^?6, 10^?5 or 10^?4 mol/L E₂; after in vitro maturation, 35, 58, 47, 74 and 49% of oocytes matured to metaphase II, 25, 79, 77, 90 and 97% acquired cumulus‐expansion ability, and 23, 54, 63, 89 and 64% were fully surrounded by cumulus cells, respectively. Following maturation, electro‐stimulation was applied to the oocytes grown with 10^?5 mol/L E₂. After 6 days of culture, in vitro‐grown oocytes developed to the blastocyst stage at a rate similar to that for full‐grown oocytes (31% and 40%, respectively). Therefore, we suggest that the use of E₂ during growth culture improves the meiotic and developmental competence of oocytes, cumulus‐expansion ability, and cumulus cell attachment to the oocytes.  相似文献   

Pflanzenschutz im Bundesgebiet     

Ilse Jaehner 《Journal of pest science》1955,28(4):50-51

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