Large interarcuate spaces in the cervical vertebral column of the tyrolean mountain sheep     

Turkof E  Jurasch N  Grassberger M  Schwendenwein S  Habib D  Knolle E  Losert U 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2003,32(1):9-11

Large interarcual spaces have been described between the arcus vertebrae C5/C6 and C6/C7 in the cervical vertebral column of Nubian goats. This aperture enables direct access to spinal cord and rootlets without the need to perform a hemilaminectomy. The present study was performed in order to determine whether these large interarcual spaces can also be found in the vertebral column of the Tyrolean mountain sheep, as this small ruminant, which is anatomically very similar to the Nubian goat, is frequently used for experimental purposes at the Surgical University Clinic in Austria. The carcasses of 10 sheep (six females, four males; range of age: 2.5-6 years, range of weight: 52-89 kg) were dissected and the vertebral column was exposed. All 10 sheep showed elliptic openings between the fourth cervical and the first thoracal vertebrae. Three sheep had additional openings between the first and the second thoracal vertebrae. All openings were covered solitarily by the ligamentum flavum and under this ligamentum lay the spinal cord without any further osseous or ligamentous protection. These findings are not mentioned in the common textbooks of veterinary anatomy and deserve attention, as they can be a step forward towards non-traumatic experimental surgery on the spinal cord.  相似文献   

Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase as a prognostic indicator of neonatal viability in nondomestic ruminants.     

Lauren L Howard  Leslie M Turner  Ilse H Stalis  Patrick J Morris 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2005,36(2):239-244

Rapid assessment of immune status in neonatal ruminants of endangered species facilitates early intervention in cases of inadequate passive transfer of maternal immunoglobulins. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was used to evaluate suspected passive transfer status in 25 North Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis), 45 Cretan goats (Capra algagrus cretica), 20 white-lipped deer (Cervus albirostris), 25 Mhorr gazelles (Gazella dama mhorr), and 31 Soemmerring's gazelles (Gazella soemmerringi soemmerringi). Serum GGT, measured within 48 hr of birth, was compared with clinical condition at 5 days of age. Neonatal Soemmerring's and Mhorr gazelles with GGT > 600 U/L were likely to survive without medical intervention, whereas GGT < 400 U/L was a good indicator that the gazelle neonate would need medical intervention. Neonatal muntjac with GGT > 200 U/L were also likely to survive without medical intervention. Because there is no gold standard for evaluating passive transfer status in neonatal nondomestic ruminants, it is recommended to evaluate the results of more than one diagnostic test, as well as clinical condition, in considering health status and disposition of neonatal ruminants of endangered species.  相似文献   

Resistenzeigenschaften im Gersten- und Weizensortiment Gatersleben     

Ilse Nover  Rudolf Mansfeld 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1956,4(1):341-349

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Resistenzeigenschaften im Gersten- und Weizensortiment Gatersleben     

Ilse Nover  Christian O. Lehmann 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1967,15(1):181-198

Zusammenfassung Es wurde das Verhalten von ca. 2700 Sommer- und ca. 2000 Winterweizen des Sotiments Gatersleben (Tab. 1) gegenüber sechs Rassen vonPuccinia triticina in Halle geprüft.63 Proben oder reichlich 1% des Sortiments waren hochresistent gegen alle Rassen: 57 diploide Weizen, fünf Sippen vonT. timopheevi und einT. zhukowskyi (Tab. 2). Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen einen Teil der verwendeten Rassen zeigten 3%; es sind 14 Herkünfte vonT. monococcum, drei vonT. dicoccon, 73 vonT. durum, zwei vonT. turgidum, fünf vonT. polonicum, 56 vonT. aestivum und zwei vonT. spelta, insgesamt 155 Weizen (Tab. 3). Etwa 1% aller Proben, zum größten Teil Einkorn- bzw. Hartweizen, wurden als mäßig resistent bewertet. Weitere 2% der Weizen waren Gemische anfälliger und resistenter Pflanzen; 93% des Sortiments erwiesen sich als braun rostanfällig.Mit Hilfe von vier teilresistenten Sorten konnten Linien innerhalb einzelner Braunrostrassen unterschieden werden: auf Klein Aniversario Linien von Rasse 77, auf Salzmünde 14/44, Griechischer Weizen 13 und 9 H 39 von Rasse 20/31.

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Summary Reaction of about 2700 spring wheats and 2000 winter wheats of the Gatersleben collection (table 1) to six races ofPuccinia triticina was evaluated in Halle.63 samples (over 1%) of the collection were highly resistant to all the races: 57 diploids, five samples ofT. timopheevi and oneT. zhukowskyi (table 2). Resistance to part of the races used was shown by 3%: 14 samples ofT. monococcum, three ofT. dicoccon, 73 ofT. durum, two ofT. turgidum, five ofT. polonicum, 56 ofT. aestivum and two ofT. spelta, a total of 155 wheats (table 3). About 1% of all the samples, most of themT. monococcum andT. durum resp., were classified as moderately resistant. 2% of the collection were mixtures of susceptible and resistant plants, 93% were totally susceptible.Four of the partially resistant varieties mentioned in table 3 are useful for further race differentiation: Klein Aniversario differentiates strains of race 77, Salzmünde 14/44, Griechischer Weizen 13, and 9 H 39 split race 20/31.

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2700 2000 Puccinia triticina.63 1% ) : 57 , 5 T. timopheevi 1 T. zhukowskyi (. 2). 3%: 14 T. monococcum, 3 —T. dicoccon, 73 —T. durum, 2 —T. turgidum, 5 —T. polonicum, 56 —T. aestivum 2 —T. spelta, 155 (. 3). 1% ( T. monococcum T. durum) . 2% , 93% . , : — 77, 14/44, 13 , 9 39' — 20/31.

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Hematologic and clinical chemistry reference values in red lories (Eos spp.)     

Scope A  Schwendenwein I  Enders F  Gabler C  Seidl E  Filip T  Soklaridis U 《Avian diseases》2000,44(4):885-890

We established reference ranges for three hematologic and 15 clinical chemistry parameters of 40 clinically healthy birds of the genus Eos. The following species were included to the study: Eos histrio (n = 19), Eos squamata (n = 8), Eos bomea (n = 5), Eos reticulata (n = 4), Eos cyanogenia (n = 4). Detailed information concerning methodology, which is often missing in papers dealing with reference values, is included. As far as possible, data are compared with literature, and some thoughts on obvious deviations are given. The problem of establishing reference values in rare species is reviewed.  相似文献   

Physical activity levels in 10- to 11-year-olds: clustering of psychosocial correlates     

Cardon G  Philippaerts R  Lefevre J  Matton L  Wijndaele K  Balduck AL  De Bourdeaudhuij I 《Public health nutrition》2005,8(7):896-903

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate gender differences for levels of physical activity, for sedentary behaviour and for psychosocial correlates in children, to evaluate whether psychosocial correlates cluster in meaningful ways and to examine whether physical activity and sedentary behaviour differ between children of clusters, differentiated by the level of perceived barriers and benefits, attitudes, social support and self-efficacy. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study using the Flemish Physical Activity Questionnaire. SETTING: Questionnaires to be filled out by the children and one of their parents, contacted through the school system. SUBJECTS: A sample of 1124 10- to 11-year-olds (579 boys and 545 girls). RESULTS: Girls were found to be less active than boys, with boys scoring better for social support, perceived benefits and self-efficacy compared with girls. The way of clustering differed between boys and girls. Boys were allocated to three clusters: one cluster with positive correlates towards physical activity, labelled 'positives'; one with negative correlates, labelled 'negatives'; and one characterised mainly by high perceived barriers, labelled 'hindered'. In both genders the highest levels of physical activity were found in the 'positives', the lowest in the 'negatives'. In girls a fourth cluster was identified, characterised mainly by low perceived barriers and low social support. Physical activity levels in the girls of this cluster, labelled 'indifferents', were the second highest. CONCLUSIONS: More research is needed to further characterise these clusters. To prevent the physical activity decline during the transition from childhood to adulthood, novel interventions need to be explored that focus on children of the clusters with the most negative correlates.  相似文献   

Detection of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in the feline cataractous lens     

Benz P  Maass G  Csokai J  Fuchs-Baumgartinger A  Schwendenwein I  Tichy A  Nell B 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2011,14(Z1):37-47

Purpose Identification of Encephalitozoon cuniculi (E. cuniculi) as a possible causative agent for cataracts and uveitis in cats. Methods Within a 12‐month study period, cats that were presented with focal anterior cortical or mature cataract and secondary uveitis underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, complete blood count, serum biochemistry, serologic tests for E. cuniculi and tests for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). PCR for DNA detection of E. cuniculi and T. gondii as well as cytologic examination of aqueous humor after paracentesis and phacoemulsified lens material were also performed. In addition histopathologic examination of the resected anterior lens capsule and attached lens epithelial cells was performed. Serologic testing for antibodies against E. cuniculi was also performed in 100 ophthalmologically healthy cats. Results Eleven (19 eyes) European shorthair cats with a median age of 3.5 years were included. Nine of 11 cats had bilateral cataracts, with 12/19 eyes having focal anterior cortical cataracts and 7/19 eyes having mature cataracts. In 14/19 eyes anterior uveitis was present. All cats had a positive antibody titer (1:80–1:10 000) for E. cuniculi. Encephalitozoon cuniculi DNA was detected by PCR and sequencing in 18/19 lenses and in 10/19 aqueous samples. Five tentative positive results were detected by cytologic examination. Spores were detected in 15/19 samples of lens material with histopathologic staining. Only 2/100 ophthalmologically healthy cats showed a positive antibody titer for E. cuniculi. Conclusion Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a cause of focal anterior cortical cataract and anterior uveitis in cats.  相似文献   

The impact of naturally-occurring,trans-placental bluetongue virus serotype-8 infection on reproductive performance in sheep     

Claude Saegerman  Benoît Bolkaerts  Christine Baricalla  Marianne Raes  Laetitia Wiggers  Ilse de Leeuw  Frank Vandenbussche  Jean-Yves Zimmer  Eric Haubruge  Dominique Cassart  Kris De Clercq  Nathalie Kirschvink 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2011,187(1):72-80

Infection with bluetongue virus serotype (BTV)-8 occurred in ruminants in 2006 in Central-Western Europe. The trans-placental passage of this virus has been demonstrated in naturally- and experimentally-infected cattle and in experimentally-infected sheep. Trans-placental transmission is potentially important in the ‘over-wintering’ of this virus and its subsequent impact on reproductive performance. This epidemiological study was carried out on a sheep flock in Belgium that had experienced a severe outbreak of BTV-8 infection, and where the seroprevalence had increased from 1.3% to 88% between January and November 2007. In total, 476 lambs and 26 aborted fetuses from 300 ewes, lambing at four distinct time periods, were investigated between November 2007 and May 2008.The following evidence suggested that BTV-8 infection occurred in utero: (1) positive PCR results from splenic tissue from aborted fetuses (n = 4); (2) fetal malformations suggestive of BTV infection (n = 10); (3) positive PCR results from red blood cells in-lambs (n = 7), and (4) the presence of antibody at birth in viable lambs prior to the intake of colostrum (n = 9). The evidence provided by this investigation strongly suggests that trans-placental BTV-8 infection occurs in naturally-infected sheep and the impact of infection on the reproductive performance of such a naïve flock was considerable, with up to 25% of ewes aborting and with flock fertility reduced by 50%. The contribution of in utero-infected lambs to the over-wintering of BTV appears limited.  相似文献   

DIAGNOSIS OF AORTIC THROMBOEMBOLISM IN TWO DOGS WITH RADIONUCLIDE ANGIOGRAPHY     

Gregory B.  Daniel  DVM  MS  Leslie  Wantschek  DVM  Ronald  Bright  DVM  MS  Ilse  Silva-Krott  VS  MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1990,31(4):182-185

Radionuclide angiography was used to document occlusion of the distal aorta by thromboemboli in two dogs. Findings were confirmed by necropsy. The location of the thrombus corresponded with the scintigraphic lesion. Information obtained by the radionuclide angiogram was instrumental in patient management. We suggest the use of radionuclide angiography as a quick, non-invasive alternative to contrast angiography in animals suspected of having aortic thromboembolism.  相似文献   

Spontaneous Pancreatic beta cell tumor in the rat. A light and electron microscopic study.     

K Kovacs  E Horvath  R G Ilse  D Ilse 《Veterinary pathology》1976,13(4):286-294

Fine structural study of a pancreatic neoplasm found at autopsy of a 27-month-old female Long-Evans rat showed that the tumor consisted of, and derived from beta cells of the islets of Langerhans.  相似文献