Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in the Heavily Exploited Korean Rockfish,Sebastes schlegeli,in Korea     

Hyesuck An  Mi‐Jung Kim  Kwangjae Park  Keechae Cho  Bongseong Bae  Jaewoo Kim  Jeong‐In Myeong 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2012,43(1):73-83

The Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli, is a valuable and intensively exploited species in Korea. We discuss the genetic diversity and genetic structure of four Korean rockfish populations using eight microsatellite loci. In total, 161 different alleles from 138 individuals were observed. Average allele number per locus ranged from 2.5 to 23 and allelic richness varied from 13.38 to 14.63 within a population. Despite a long history of stocking practices, we found very high levels of polymorphism (mean heterozygosity = 0.810), which is comparable to other congeneric species. No significant difference in genetic diversity and molecular genetic variance (F_ST and R_ST) was observed among four local samples (P > 0.1). Little indication of contemporary inbreeding (F_IS= 0.051) or population structure (K = 1) was detected. This absence of differentiation may reflect high levels of gene flow along the coast of Korea. Our study demonstrates that rockfish in Korea should be managed as a single unit. Currently, the species does not appear to be genetically threatened, but the potential for a rapid loss of genetic diversity remains. This information on the genetic characteristics of Korean rockfish populations has important implications for fisheries management and conservation efforts, and will aid in the sustainable exploitation of the fishing resources and the preservation of biodiversity.  相似文献   

Dietary Esterified Astaxanthin Concentration Effect on Dermal Coloration and Chromatophore Physiology in Spinecheek Anemonefish,Premnas biaculeatus     

Adeljean L. F. C. Ho  Nicole M. Orlando Bertran  Junda Lin 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(1):76-85

Anemonefishes dominate the marine ornamental aquaculture production and coloration plays an important role in market price of the product. This study examined the effect of dietary esterified astaxanthin concentration and duration on skin coloration in spinecheek anemonefish, Premnas biaculeatus. The chromatophore physiology parameters examined were color, density, and diameter of carotenoid granules. Juveniles of 30 days post hatch (d.p.h.) were fed diets consisting of 23, 214, or 2350 ppm esterified astaxanthin for 115 d and the fish were sampled at 45, 120, and 145 d.p.h. Hue was significantly reduced with increasing time and astaxanthin concentration. Saturation fluctuated over time while luminosity was only affected by time. Carotenoid granule density was similar across the treatments: approximately 0.3 granules/µm². Significant difference in carotenoid granule size was detected, with larger diameters at the higher astaxanthin treatment. Carotenoid granules showed significantly lower hues, higher saturation, and lower luminosity values for the higher astaxanthin concentration diets. This is indicative of higher concentration of carotenoids in the granules. Diets explicitly imparted different coloration in P. biaculeatus and the manifested color differences in the fish are result of increased carotenoid granule size and increased carotenoid concentration within granules. Astaxanthin concentration of 214 ppm imparts adequate coloration for high market value.  相似文献   

Electroacupuncture-induced neural activation detected by use of manganese-enhanced functional magnetic resonance imaging in rabbits   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

Chiu JH  Cheng HC  Tai CH  Hsieh JC  Yeh TC  Cheng H  Lin JG  Ho LT 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(2):178-182

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of acupuncture on neural activity detected by use of manganese-enhanced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and elucidate the relationship between somatic acupoint stimulation and brain activation. ANIMALS: 40 New Zealand White rabbits. PROCEDURE: Manganese-enhanced fMRI was performed in anesthetized rabbits manipulated with electroacupuncture (EA) on Zusanli (ST-36) and Yanglingquan (GB-34) acupoints. Image acquisition was performed on a 1.5T superconductive clinical scanner with a circular polarized extremity coil. T1-weighted images were acquired sequentially as follows: baseline, after mannitol injection, after manganese infusion, and 5 and 20 minutes after initiation of EA. RESULTS: Changes in focal neural activity were detected by use of manganese-enhanced fMRI. Stimulation on Zusanli (ST-36) for 5 minutes resulted in activation of the hippocampus, whereas stimulation on Yanglingquan (GB-34) resulted in activation of the hypothalamus, insula, and motor cortex. Activation became less specific after 20 minutes of EA. Furthermore, stimulation on ipsilateral acupoints led to bilateral brain activation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Each acupoint has a corresponding cerebral linkage, and stimulation on these points resulted in time-dependent neural activation. Understanding the linkage between peripheral acupoint stimulation and central neural pathways may provide a useful guide for clinical applications of acupuncture.  相似文献   

Taenia solium oncosphere antigens induce immunity in pigs against experimental cysticercosis   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Verastegui M  Gilman RH  Gonzales A  Garcia HH  Gavidia C  Falcon N  Bernal T  Arana Y  Tsang VC;Cysticercosis Working Group In Peru 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,108(1):49-62

Immunity to Taenia solium infection was investigated using an experimental intramuscular oncosphere infection assay (IMOA) model in pigs. Three naturally infected pigs with cysticercosis were treated with oxfendazole (OFZ), a drug demonstrated to kill cysts in porcine muscle. These animals were then challenged with oncospheres but did not develop any cysts while three uninfected pigs that were similarly challenged, did develop intramuscular cysts. In another study, two groups of three pigs each were immunized with crude T. solium oncosphere and metacestode antigens, respectively, and tested with the IMOA. Immunization with crude oncosphere antigens (OAs) induced 100% protection, while metacestode antigens provided only partial protection. Immunoblots showed that pigs with complete immune protection to oncosphere intramuscular challenge had antibodies to two OAs at 31.3 and 22.5 kDa, respectively. Antibody to these two antigens was absent in pigs immunized with metacestodes or in uninfected control pigs. This study demonstrated the presence of two antigens that are unique to the oncosphere. Although, antibody to these two antigens is consistently present in pigs that are protected from an oncosphere intramuscular challenge their role in preventing infection by T. solium larval cysts is still hypothetical.  相似文献   

不同性别生长猪所需最佳苏氨酸与赖氨酸比率     

陈红平  周作红  W.H.Chang  J.H.lee  k.N.Paik  In K.Han 《江西饲料》2002,(6):29-33

本研究通过调查苏氨酸与赖氨酸的比率对猪生长性能、表观可消化能和血液尿素氮 (BUN)浓度的影响 , 估测生长阉公猪和小母猪所需最佳苏氨酸与赖氨酸的比率 . 试验采用 150头杂交猪 (长白×约克夏×杜洛克 , 平均体重为 16.75± 0.45 , 其中阉公猪 75头 , 小母猪 75头 ), 按 2× 3析因设计 , 随机分成 6个处理 阉公猪日粮含赖氨酸 1.12% , 按苏氨酸与赖氨 酸比率为 50% 、 60% 和 70% 分成 3个处理 小母猪日粮含赖氨酸 1.33% , 按苏氨酸与赖氨酸比 率为 50% 、 60% 和 70% 分成 3个处理 . 经整个试验期 (体重从 16至 56 ). 在平均日增重、平均 日采食量和饲料转化率方面 , 动物性别和苏氨酸与赖氨酸比率之间无相互影响 . 在生长性能 方面 , 有明显的性别影响 与小母猪相比 , 阉公猪表现出较好的生长性能 , 消耗较多的饲料 (P< 0.01)以及生长的较快 (P< 0.01). 随着苏氨酸与赖氨酸比率的增大 , 阉公猪的 ADG和 FCR有增加的倾向 , 但差异不显著 . 在除粗灰分 (CA)外的可消化性养分方面 , 动物性别和苏氨 酸与赖氨酸比率之间无相互影响 . 在性别之间 , 除小母猪对钙具有较高的可消化性 (P< 0.01)外 , 可消化性养分没有存在的差异 . 而日粮苏氨酸与赖氨酸比率对可消化性养分无影响 . 可消化性必需氨基酸 (EEA)、非必需氨基酸 (NEAA)和总氨基酸 (TTA)的平均值没有受到性别 和苏氨酸与赖氨酸比率的影响 . 没有发现性别和日粮中苏氨酸与赖氨酸比率相互影响的证据 . 在性别之间 , 小母猪的总 BUN浓度比阉公猪低 (P< 0.05). 可以得出结论 " 阉公猪日粮 (赖氨 酸水平为 1.12% )中 , 苏氨酸与赖氨酸比率为 70% , 小母猪日粮 (赖氨酸水平为 1.33% )中 , 苏 氨酸与赖氨酸比率为 60% , 较其它比率的苏氨酸与赖氨酸 , 分别获得较好的生长性能、养分 利用和较低的 BUN浓度 .  相似文献   

Growth performance and immune response of two commercial broiler strains fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures and oxytetracycline under heat stress conditions   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Zulkifli I  Abdulllah N  Azrin NM  Ho YW 《British poultry science》2000,41(5):593-597

1. Hubbard x Hubbard (HH) and Shaver x Shaver (SS) chicks given a dietary supplement of either 50 mg/kg oxytetracycline (OTC) or 1 g/kg Lactobacillus culture (LC) were exposed to 36 +/- 1 degrees C for 3 h daily from day (d) 21 to 42. 2. Prior to heat treatment, body weight (d 21) and weight gain (d 1 to d 21) of OTC and LC birds were greater than those fed the control diet. Chicks given LC had the best food efficiency followed by OTC and control birds during d 1 to d 21. Body weight (d 1 and d 21) and weight gain (d 1 to d 21) were greater for HH tlhan SS chicks. 3. After 3 weeks of heat exposure, birds receiving the LC diet had greater body weight and weight gain, higher food intake and lower food efficiency than OTC and control chicks. 4. Antibody production against Newcastle discase vaccine on d 21 was not affected by strain or diet. On d 42, while diet had negligible effect on this variable among the SS broilers, HH birds fed LC had higher antibody production than those on the control diet. 5. Neither strain nor diet had a significant effect on mortality.  相似文献   

Antibacterial effect of chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol and florfenicol against aquatic animal bacteria   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

Ho SP  Hsu TY  Che MH  Wang WS 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(5):479-485

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured to evaluate the antibacterial activities of chloramphenicol (CP), thiamphenicol (TP) and florfenicol (FFC) against the aquatic bacterial isolates from soft-shell turtles, fish and shellfish. Amoxicillin (AMPC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and oxolinic acid (OA) were included to compare with above protein synthesis inhibitors. The results showed that the order of MIC range of the isolates from soft-shell turtles for tested drugs was OA>FFC, CP>TP> AMPC, OTC. The percentage of the resistant strains indicated that OA was the lowest (7.14%) and OTC was the highest (85.07%). The order of antibacterial activity against the isolates from fish was OA>FFC>CP>AMPC>OTC>TP. The percentage of the resistant strains revealed that OA (13.64%) and OTC (80.91%) were the lowest and the highest, respectively. For the isolates from shellfish, the order of antimicrobial activity was OA>CP, FFC>AMPC, OTC, TP. TP showed the greatest percentage of the resistant strains (58.7%), but that of OA was the lowest (4.35%). The most common resistant patterns of the isolates from turtles, fish and shellfish were AMPC-OTC, CP-TP-AMPC-OTC, and FFC-CP-TP-AMPC-OTC, respectively. There were partially-complete resistance of the resistant isolates among CP, TP and FFC. The findings indicated that previous treatment might affect the choice of drug to use for aquatic bacterial diseases.  相似文献   

Anuretes grandis sp. n., a caligid copepod (Siphonostomatoida) parasitic on Diagramma pictum (Pisces) in Taiwan, with discussion of Anuretes Heller, 1865     

Ho J  Lin CL 《Folia parasitologica》2000,47(3):227-234

A new species of caligid copepod (Siphonostomatoida), Anuretes grandis sp. n., parasitic on the painted sweetlips [Diagramma pictum (Thunberg)] in Taiwan is described. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by having: (1) free margin of cephalothorax not covering fourth pediger, (2) large genital complex longer than 2/3 of the cephalic shield, (3) no maxillary whip, (4) leg 3 with 9 setae on the terminal segment of exopod and 8 plumose setae on the terminal segment of endopod, and (5) armature of I,III on leg 4 exopod. Genus Anuretes Heller, 1865 is reviewed and redefined. Based on the new diagnosis three species (A. chelatus Prabha et Pillai, A. fedderni Price and A. parvulus Wilson) were transferred to Pseudanuretes, and two species (A. furcatus Capart and A. renalis Heegaard) were transferred to Lepeophtheirus. In addition, the following three species of caligids were transferred to Anuretes: Lepeophtheirus fallolunulus Lewis, Heniochophilus indicus Pillai, and Lepeophtheirus rotundigenitalis Prabha et Pillai. The latter is renamed Anuretes occultus nom. n. due to the homonym encountered through this transfer. "Anuretes plectorhynchi Yamaguti" reported by Prabha and Pillai (1986) is renamed Anuretes similis sp. n. and Anuretes yamagutii Prabha et Pillai is relegated to the synonym of Anuretes anomalus Pillai. A key to the 18 species of Anuretes is provided.  相似文献   

Molecular Characterization of Natural Hybrids of Phytophthora nicotianae and P. cactorum     

Bonants PJ  Hagenaar-de Weerdt M  Man In 't Veld WA  Baayen RP 《Phytopathology》2000,90(8):867-874

ABSTRACT Hybrid isolates of Phytophthora nicotianae x P. cactorum from five different hosts (Cyclamen, Lavandula, Lewisia, Primula, and Spathiphyllum spp.) were identified by their atypical morphology and their well-defined heterozygous isozyme patterns. The hybrid nature of these isolates was tested by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA, generating fragments typical for both P. nicotianae and P. cactorum. In hybrid isolates, polymerase chain reactions (PCR) with primers derived from unique parts of the ITS region (ITS-PCR) of both species yielded a combination of unique amplicons typical of both parental species. Eleven hybrid isolates, three isolates of each parental species and two atypical isolates from Rhododendron and Idesia spp. close to P. cactorum, were analyzed for amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP). Consistent differences in AFLP patterns existed among the hybrid isolates, strongly indicating that these hybrids have arisen from independent hybridization events between P. nicotianae and P. cactorum. The two atypical isolates morphologically resembling P. cactorum were identical to the latter species in ITS-restriction fragment length polymorphism and response to the specific PCR primers but were intermediate between P. nicotianae x P. cactorum and P. cactorum in isozyme profiles and AFLP patterns. Since the introduction of hydroponic systems in greenhouses in the Netherlands, outbreaks of Phytophthora diseases are occurring in previously unaffected host species. This may be due to interspecific hybridization events resulting in novel pathogenic behavior.  相似文献   

The expression and cellular localization of phospholipase D isozymes in the developing mouse testis     

Seungjoon Kim  Heechul Kim  Yongduk Lee  Jin Won Hyun  Young Ho Lee  Min Kyoung Shin  Do Sik Min  Taekyun Shin 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2007,8(3):209-212

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