Nsf     

Inger RF  Brooks H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1966,153(3731):9

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Corrosion-Induced Release and Environmental Interaction of Chromium, Nickel and Iron from Stainless Steel     

Inger Odnevall Wallinder  Sofia Bertling  Dan Berggren Kleja  Christofer Leygraf 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,170(1-4):17-35

A cross-disciplinary research project has been implemented because of increased awareness of the potential environmental effects caused by dispersion of metals from external applications into the environment. The work comprises a 4-year (1998–2002) field exposure of grades 304 and 316 stainless steels, and a laboratory percolation study simulating 20–25 years of chromium and nickel containing runoff water interactions with soil. Total metal annual release rates varied between 0.2 and 0.7 mg m^?2 yr^?1 for Cr, between 0.1 and 0.8 mg m^?2 yr^?1 for Ni and between 10 and 200 mg m^?2 yr^?1 for Fe. Most Cr and Ni is present in an ionic form as a result of the limited presence of organic matter at the immediate release situation. Metal ion concentrations in the runoff water are far below reported ecotoxic concentrations. Studies of the environmental interaction between runoff water from stainless steel and soil show the majority of released Cr and Ni to be retained and their concentrations in percolation water to be very low (0.5–1 μg L^?1 and 1–5.5 μg L^?1 for Cr and Ni, respectively). Speciation calculations showed Cr to be primarily complexed to dissolved organic carbon while Ni also was present in an ionic form in the solution phase. Soil extractions showed Cr and Ni to be very strongly retained within the soil.  相似文献   

Validation of a species-optimized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of serum concentrations of insulin in dogs     

Oberg J  Fall T  Lilliehöök I 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2011,40(1):66-73

Background: Measurement of canine serum insulin has relied on methods developed to measure human insulin. A species‐optimized test for measurement of serum insulin in dogs is now commercially available. Objective: The purpose of this study was to validate the canine ELISA for determination of serum insulin concentration in dogs. Methods: Precision was determined by evaluating intra‐ and interassay coefficient of variation (CV), and accuracy was determined by dilution and spike recovery studies. A method comparison study with samples from 34 clinically healthy dogs and 73 dogs examined for various illnesses and disorders (“patients”) was performed using the canine ELISA and an ELISA for human insulin. Biologic relevance of the canine assay was evaluated by measuring insulin in samples collected from 8 healthy dogs after administration of glucagon. A stability study was preformed with 6 samples stored at 20°C, 4–8°C, and ?20°C. Results: For the canine ELISA, intra‐ and interassay CVs were 4.3–7.8% and 4.4–7.7%, respectively. Mean recovery after dilution was 99% and recovery after spiking with porcine insulin was 116%. The canine and human ELISAs correlated well (r²=.94 for healthy dogs, r²=.88 for patient samples). After glucagon injection serum insulin concentrations increased significantly in 8 dogs. Insulin was stable for 30 days in 6 serum samples stored at ?20°C and in most samples for 8 days at 4–8°C. Insulin was stable for <3 days at room temperature (20°C). Conclusions: The new canine serum insulin ELISA had good precision and accuracy and correlated well with the previously used assay.  相似文献   

Glutathione peroxidase and health in swine     

P. Fogd Jrgensen  Inger Wegger 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1979,20(4):610-612

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Chronic Copper Poisoning in Sheep: Structural Changes in Erythrocytes and Organs     

Nils E. Sli  Inger Nafstad 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1976,17(3):316

Four cases of experimental copper poisoning in sheep were examined. Light microscopical and ultrastructural alterations of erythrocytes were observed a few hours before a significant haemolysis was evident. Heinz body formation in otherwise unchanged red cells was the first morphological alteration observed. The Heinz bodies were predominantly membrane-attached. During the haemolytic crisis severe erythrocytic distortion, structural membrane alteration and Heinz body-containing ghost cells were observed. Erythrophagocytosis was mainly located to the RE cells of the spleen. Intrafollicular necroses were found in all histological sections from the spleen. Pathological changes in liver and kidney were comparable to those of earlier reports, comprising hepatocellular and renal tubular necrosis.  相似文献   

Occurrence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Norwegian red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)     

Hamnes IS  Gjerde BK  Forberg T  Robertson LJ 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,143(3-4):347-353

Faecal samples from 269 Norwegian wild red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) shot during the hunting season (October-April) in 2002-2004 were examined for the presence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in samples from 6 (2.2%) of the foxes, and Giardia cysts in 13 (4.8%) of the foxes. The prevalence of Giardia infection was significantly higher in juvenile male foxes than in adult male foxes, but no other significant differences between age and sex were found. No significant differences in prevalence related to geographical origin of animals were found. Insufficient nucleated Cryptosporidium oocysts were isolated for successful PCR, but genotyping of Giardia duodenalis isolates from seven foxes demonstrated a high degree of heterogeneity amongst them, with all isolates belonging to the zoonotic Assemblages A and B.  相似文献   

Insulin‐like growth factor I in cats: validation of an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and determination of biologic variation          下载免费PDF全文

Emma M. Strage  Elvar Theodorsson  Bodil Ström Holst  Inger Lilliehöök  Moira S. Lewitt 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2015,44(4):542-551

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High intake of added sugar among Norwegian children and adolescents     

Øverby NC  Lillegaard IT  Johansson L  Andersen LF 《Public health nutrition》2004,7(2):285-293

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Patrolling with Livestock Guard Dogs: A Potential Method to Reduce Predation on Sheep     

Inger Hansen  Theresia Staaland  Aud Ringsø 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(1):43-48

Patrolling with livestock guard dogs in mountain rangelands in Norway was evaluated as a method to prevent predation in areas with widely dispersed sheep. In contrast to guard dogs, patrol dogs are more socially bonded to people and follow a range inspector around. Range inspection was performed in 5 h bouts during three nights per week. The method was tested during three summer seasons in a total of eight sheep flocks grazing in three different mountain ranges. In total, three inspectors and four dogs were involved. Significant reductions in the number of sheep lost were achieved in one of the study areas. Lack of significance in the other areas was mainly due to the size of the area and qualities of the dogs: the range to be patrolled by one man dog unit should not exceed 10-12 km 2 , and the dogs should be experienced guard dogs which are properly socialized for this method.  相似文献   

Effects of Level and Distribution of Concentrate in Late Pregnancy on Ewe and Lamb Performance     

Inger Ledin 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(3):168-177

Abstract

During two different years, 1986 and 1989, 129 and 102 ewes, respectively, were used to compare the effects of level and feeding pattern of concentrate during the last eight weeks of pregnancy. The ewes were given hay to cover maintenance, with supplemental feeding for pregnancy based on different amounts of concentrate. The control groups were fed according to Swedish recommendations, totalling 20 kg of concentrate, maximum level 0.4 kg per ewe and day (20:0.4) in a two-level pattern. The experimental groups were fed 20:0.7, 24:07 or 30:1.0 with a gradually rising feeding pattern. The treatments had a significant effect on changes in the live weight of ewes during late pregnancy and early lactation, with ewes on higher feeding levels losing less weight during pregnancy and gaining less weight on pasture. Over the whole production year, the changes during different production periods levelled out the total effect. Late pregnancy feeding also had a significant effect on lamb growth, with lambs from ewes fed on the highest feeding level growing significantly better. Lambs from ewes fed on a gradually rising feeding pattern showed significantly better growth in Expt. 1 but not in Expt. 2.  相似文献