Factors affecting the efficacy of non-fumigant nematicides for controlling root-knot nematodes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Giannakou IO  Karpouzas DG  Anastasiades I  Tsiropoulos NG  Georgiadou A 《Pest management science》2005,61(10):961-972

Second-stage juveniles (J2) and egg masses of root-knot nematodes as well as root debris heavily infected by the latter were exposed for different periods of time to six different doses of the nematicides cadusafos and fenamiphos. The efficacy of the nematicides increased significantly with increasing exposure time. Both nematicides were more effective against J2, although they could not provide acceptable control of J2 inside egg masses or heavily galled root debris. The effect of different application strategies on the efficacy and persistence of certain nematicides was also assessed in a field study. Cadusafos, fenamiphos, fosthiazate and oxamyl were applied in field micro-plots either as a single full dose at the time of crop establishment or as multiple reduced-rate applications at 14-day intervals throughout the cropping period, and their efficacy and persistence were determined using bioassays and analytical studies. Fosthiazate was the most efficient nematicide studied, and this was mainly attributed to its long soil persistence. Oxamyl also provided adequate nematode control for the first 48-56 days after its application, regardless of the application method used and its relatively rapid field dissipation. Fenamiphos and cadusafos failed to provide adequate nematode control, although cadusafos was the most persistent of the nematicides tested. The failure of fenamiphos to provide adequate nematode control was mainly attributed to its rapid degradation by soil micro-organisms, which were stimulated after its repeated low-rate application at 14-day intervals. In contrast cadusafos failure was attributed to the inability of the nematicide to reduce nematode populations even at relatively high concentrations in soil.  相似文献   

Obstructive, granulomatous tracheitis caused by Onchocerca sp. in a dog     

Papaioannou N  Psalla D  Papadopoulos E  Adamama-Moraitou KK  Petanidis T  Rallis T  Vlemmas I 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2004,51(7-8):354-357

A 3-year-old spayed female dog was admitted with a history of episodes of dyspnoea and coughing. Severe tracheal stenosis was found on radiography. The dog died during an episode of refractory dyspnoea. Necropsy revealed an obstruction of the thoracic part of the trachea because of a chronic granulomatous inflammation protruding into the tracheal lumen. Histological examination revealed nematodes, which were identified as Onchocerca sp. according to their morphological characteristics. In contrast to the common ocular manifestation in dogs, obstructive tracheitis caused by Onchocerca infection has not been reported before.  相似文献   

A deletion in the R region of long terminal repeats in small ruminant lentiviruses is associated with decreased pathology in the lung   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Angelopoulou K  Poutahidis T  Brellou GD  Greenland T  Vlemmas I 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,175(3):346-355

A particular variant of the maedi visna virus (MVV) that although present in blood causes no clinical signs in infected sheep has been described. This variant carries a 13-14 nucleotide deletion in the R region of the proviral long terminal repeats. The hypothesis that this specific deletion may be associated with low pathogenicity has been investigated by comparing the distribution of proviral sequences, the histopathological lesions and the expression of viral proteins in the brain, lungs and udders of sheep naturally infected with viral strains carrying the deletion. Provirus could be demonstrated in most of the tissues examined from sheep infected with either type of virus, and the tissue-derived virus carried the typical deletion in the study flock animals. Histopathological analysis revealed that the lungs were significantly less affected in the animals infected with virus carrying the deletion. Concomitantly, viral expression was significantly reduced in the lungs of these animals. The findings suggest that the reduced pathogenicity of MVV with the specific deletion in the R region is not due to a restriction in the availability of specific tissues to infection, but is associated with a reduced capacity for viral expression in the lungs.  相似文献   

Method agreement between three different chambers for comparative boar semen computer‐assisted sperm analysis     

Athina Basioura  Georgios Tsousis  Constantin Boscos  Aristotelis Lymberopoulos  Ioannis Tsakmakidis 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(Z4):41-45

The computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA) has become a standard laboratory tool. Although it contributes a lot to the objective sperm motility assessment, its measurements may be affected by many factors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of chamber on boar semen CASA results. Totally, 100 extended (30 × 10⁶ sperm/ml) boar semen samples were analysed by CASA. Each sample was evaluated using Makler, Leja 4 chamber 20 μm and conventional glass slide/coverslip chambers (MC, LC and GSC, respectively). The differences in values between MC and LC and between MC and GSC were significantly positive (higher values for MC compared with LC and GSC) for total motility, progressive, rapid movement, VCL, VSL, VAP, STR and hyperactive, thus indicating a systematic effect. Between LC and GSC, the differences in many parameters (non‐progressive, progressive, slow, LIN, STR, hyperactive) were evenly distributed around zero, while in all other parameters the differences were significantly positive (higher values for LC compared with GSC), except for medium movement. Based on the estimated intraclass correlation coefficients, the method agreement between MC and LC and between LC and GSC was overall moderate to good, depending on the parameter; nonetheless, it was poor between MC and GSC. The limits of agreement between methods can vary considerably depending on the parameter and should be considered when comparisons between CASA measurements of different andrology laboratories or studies have to be performed.  相似文献   

The effect of subchronic oral exposure to zearalenone on hematologic and biochemical analytes,and the blood redox status of adult rabbit bucks     

Theodora K. Tsouloufi  Ioannis A. Tsakmakidis  Georgios Tsousis  Nikolaos Papaioannou  Eleni Tzika  Maria Kritsepi‐Konstantinou 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2019,48(2):328-334

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Hematologic,biochemical, hormonal,and redox status alterations during reproductive activity in adult rams of two breeds     

Ioannis L. Oikonomidis  Christos Brozos  Evangelos Kiossis  Maria Kritsepi‐Konstantinou 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2019,48(2):347-354

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Evaluation of intra-articular injection of autologous platelet lysate (PL) in horses with osteoarthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint     

Panagiota Tyrnenopoulou  Nikolaos Diakakis  Ioannis Savvas  Georgios Koliakos 《The Veterinary quarterly》2016,36(2):56-62

Background: Regenerative medicine has become one of the most promising therapies of equine osteoarthritis. Platelet lysate (PL) is rich in bioactive proteins and growth factors that play a crucial role in tissue healing.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intra-articularly injected autologous PL in equine athletes with naturally occurring osteoarthritis.

Animals and methods: Fifteen warmblood geldings aged 8–19 years with osteoarthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint were included in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups; 10 horses received intra-articular injections of PL and 5 of normal saline (controls). Before treatment, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) levels in basal plasma and prepared PL were estimated. Each joint was injected twice within a three-week period. Lameness was evaluated using the American Association of Equine Practitioners grading system, before treatment and 10 days after each intra-articular injection. Horses were examined fortnightly for one year. Radiographic examination was performed six months post-treatment. The generalized estimating equation test was used for statistical analysis.

Results: Acceptable levels of PDGF were detected in PLs (mean ± SD: 258.0 ± 52.3 pg/ml). The majority of horses (9/10) responded positively to PL treatment presenting lower lameness grades (p < 0.0005) compared to controls 10 days after the second injection, and returned to normal athletic activity. Radiographs revealed no changes in osteoarthritis lesions six months after treatment. One year post-injections, however, all horses relapsed to their initial degree of lameness.

Conclusion: Intra-articularly injected autologous PL is an efficient method for temporarily managing osteoarthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint in athletic horses.  相似文献   

Proposed Indices for Assessing Soil Pollution Under the Application of Sludge     

Ioannis K. Kalavrouziotis  Prodromos H. Koukoulakis  Georgia Ntzala  Aristotelis H. Papadopoulos 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(8):5189-5196

The assessment of soil pollution with heavy metals has been studied, based on experimental soil and plant analytical heavy metal data obtained by a pot experiment conducted during 2010?C2011 in a green house. A completely randomized block design was used, including the following sludge treatments (in tons per hectare): 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and (30+treated wastewater) in four replications. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) var. longifolia was used as a test plant. Three indices were proposed, i.e., (1) elemental pollution index, (2) heavy metal load, and (3) total concentration factor. They were found to be linearly and statistically significantly related to the pollution load index, which was used as a reference index, and curvilinearly related to lettuce dry matter yield. It was concluded that the above indices could be used for the assessment of soil pollution level.  相似文献   

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine sediments of the Hellenic coastal zone, eastern Mediterranean: levels, sources and toxicological significance     

Fotini Botsou  Ioannis Hatzianestis 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2012,12(2):265-277

Purpose  

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread in sediments, particularly near areas of intense human activities. Due to their mutagenic and carcinogenic behaviour, PAHs are classified as priority contaminants to be monitored in environmental quality control schemes. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of PAHs in major coastal areas of Greece that receive various pressures, investigate their sources and evaluate their potential toxicity by comparison against effects-based Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQG).  相似文献   

Simulation of Groundwater Flow in a Sedimentary Aquifer System Subjected to Overexploitation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Andreas Kallioras  Fotios Pliakas  Ioannis Diamantis 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,211(1-4):177-201

Groundwater flow models are applied to a large variety of hydrogeological conditions in different aquifer types, in order to simulate the groundwater flow of the investigated system. This paper aims to present the application of a groundwater flow model for the simulation of a sedimentary aquifer, located in Northern Greece. The simulation involves the period between April 2003 and April 2004, and the model is divided into two distinct stress periods, each containing two different time steps. The simulation of the aquifer is found to be satisfactory, conclusion which is based on both graphical as well as arithmetical verifications. The groundwater flow simulation was achieved by the application of the MODFLOW code.  相似文献