Beet sugar syrup and molasses as low-cost feedstock for the enzymatic production of fructo-oligosaccharides     

Ghazi I  Fernandez-Arrojo L  Gomez De Segura A  Alcalde M  Plou FJ  Ballesteros A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(8):2964-2968

Sugar syrup and molasses from beet processing containing 620 and 570 mg/mL sucrose, respectively, were assayed as low-cost and available substrates for the enzymatic synthesis of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs). A commercial pectinase (Pectinex Ultra SP-L, from Aspergillus aculeatus) characterized by the presence of a transfructosylating activity was used as a biocatalyst. The FOS production increased when lowering the initial pH value of syrup (7.5) and molasses (8.9) to 5.5. Sugar syrup and molasses were diluted in order to reduce substrate viscosity; interestingly, the percentage of FOS with regards to total sugars remained almost constant, which indicated a high transferase-to-hydrolase ratio for this enzyme. Kinetics of FOS production was analyzed. Using approximately 10 U transfructosylating activity per g sucrose, the FOS concentration reached a maximum of 388 mg/mL after 30 h using syrup and 235 mg/mL in 65 h with molasses. These values corresponded to approximately 56 and 49% (w/w), respectively, of the total amount of carbohydrates in the mixture. The enzyme was also covalently immobilized on an epoxy-activated polymethacrylate-based polymer (Sepabeads EC-EP5). We found that immobilized Pectinex Ultra SP-L can be efficiently applied to the synthesis of FOS using syrup and molasses as substrates.  相似文献   

Identification and characterization of a <Emphasis Type="Italic">Streptomyces</Emphasis> sp. isolate exhibiting activity against multidrug-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci     

Sadigh-Eteghad S  Dehnad A  Shanebandi D  Khalili I  Razmarayii N  Namvaran A 《Veterinary research communications》2011,35(8):477-486

The resistance of 220 coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS) (associated with animal disease) to 13 antibiotics were determined using the disk diffusion method. 35.9% of multidrug-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MR-CNS) exhibited resistance to five or more than five antibiotics; all of these bacteria were resistant to methicillin too. The new Streptomyces sp. ABRIINW111 was isolated from the Zagros Mountains Hamadan, Iran. The 16S rDNA sequence of the isolate indicated that it has 98% similarity to S. levis, but some mutations in the alpha and gamma regions of the 16S rDNA sequence emphasize the probability of the existence of a new species. Preliminary and secondary antibacterial screenings revealed that the isolate is active against gram negative and positive bacteria. The diethyl ether extracted metabolite of the Streptomyces sp. ABRIINW111 showed an effective antibacterial activity against MR-CNS. So the diethyl ether extract of the new Streptomyces sp. strain ABRIINW111 can inhibit the MR-CNS in vitro, and it can offer a new approach to treat MR-CNS infectious patients.  相似文献   

The efficacy of electrical stimulation in experimentally induced cutaneous wounds in animals          下载免费PDF全文

Mohammed Ashrafi  Teresa Alonso‐Rasgado  Mohamed Baguneid  Ardeshir Bayat 《Veterinary dermatology》2016,27(4):235-e57

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Inoculation with the ectomycorrhizal fungi <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pisolithus arhizus</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scleroderma</Emphasis> sp. improves early growth of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Shorea pinanga</Emphasis> nursery seedlings     

Maman?Turjaman  Yutaka?Tamai  Hendrik?Segah  Suwido Hester?Limin  Joo Young?Cha  Mitsuru?Osaki  Keitaro?TawarayaEmail author 《New Forests》2005,30(1):67-73

Trees of the family Dipterocarpaceae are the dominant trees in Southeast Asian tropical forests where they play an important ecological role and are also important commercially. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi on the growth of dipterocarp species in peat soils. Seedlings of Shorea pinanga were inoculated with spores of two ectomycorrhizal fungi, Pisolithus arhizus and Scleroderma sp. were grown in pots containing sterilized peat soil for 7 months. The percentage of ectomycorrhizal colonization on S. pinanga exceeded 86%. Colonization of S. pinanga roots by ectomycorrhizal fungi resulted in increased shoot height, stem diameter, number of leaves, and shoot fresh and dry weight. Survival rates of S. pinanga were greater for inoculated seedlings than control seedlings. These results suggest that inoculation of ectomycorrhizal fungi can improve the early growth of S. pinanga grown in tropical forests and that this technique will accelerate the rehabilitation of degraded dipterocarp forests.  相似文献   

Isolation and characterization of a novel anionic peroxidase cDNA found in poplar (Populus nigra) suspension cultured cells     

Yoshiaki Kato  Yoh Sakuma  Tomonori Azuma  Akira Ando  Kiyoshi Miura  Keiji Takabe  Yutaka Tamai 《Journal of Wood Science》2001,47(3):165-170

A cDNA clone fromPopulus nigra L. var.italica Koehne, denoted PCY2-6, coding for an anionic peroxidase has been isolated, cloned, and characterized. PCY2-6 is 1160 bp long; and its deduced product, PnC26, contains 343 amino acid residues. The mature protein has a calculated isoelectric point of 4.09. The protein contains two motifs typical of peroxidase and 10 potentialN-glycosylation sites. PnC26 is therefore classified as an anionic peroxidase. The mRNA of the PCY2-6 gene family was detected in immature and mature leaves and in two parts of current-year stems: the shoot tip and the older stem. The mRNA of PCY2-6 gene family was found to localize in the phloem and cortex of the current-year stems. We therefore conclude that expression of the PCY2-6 gene family is related to bark development.  相似文献   

Chemical constituents ofInonotus obliquus II: a new triterpene, 21,24-cyclopentalanosta-3β,21,25-triol-8-ene from sclerotium     

Yusoo Shin  Yutaka Tamai  Minoru Terazawa 《Journal of Wood Science》2001,47(4):313-316

A new lanostane-type triterpene with a cyclopentanol partial structure in the side chain was isolated from the sclerotium of the wood rotting fungusInonotus obliquus along with four known compounds: lanosterol, inotodiol, trametenolic acid, and 3-hydroxy-8,24-dienlanosta-21,23-lactone. The new compound was determined to be 21,24-cyclopentalanosta-3,21,25-triol-8-ene by spectroscopic analyses.An outline of this study was presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto  相似文献   

Effect of moisture content of a wood matrix on a small-scale biodegradation system for organic solid waste     

Sakae Horisawa  Yutaka Tamai  Yoh Sakuma  Shuichi Doi  Minoru Terazawa 《Journal of Wood Science》2000,46(4):317-321

The optimum working moisture content of a wood matrix for the garbage automatic decomposer-extinguisher (GADE) machine was investigated using a small-scale degradation reactor. A formula feed for rabbits was used as the model waste. The degradation experiment was conducted under controlled conditions such as moisture content, environmental temperature, and airflow rate. The degradation rate was estimated precisely from weight loss and the CO₂ evolution rate. The degradation rate were nearly constant at a moisture content of 30%–80% on a-wet-weight basis. Microorganisms from the environment propagated in the reactor with no inoculums added. The number of microorganisms showed a trend similar to that of the degradation rate. The microorganism community changed according to the moisture content of the matrix and were considered to attain a constant degradation rate at a wide range of moisture content of a matrix.Part of this report was presented at the 49th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 1999  相似文献   

Effects of melatonin on oocyte maturation in PCOS mouse model          下载免费PDF全文

Fatemeh Nikmard  Elham Hosseini  Mehrdad Bakhtiyari  Mahnaz Ashrafi  Fardin Amidi  Reza Aflatoonian 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(4):586-592

The purpose of oocyte in vitro maturation is generation of mature oocytes that could support future development. Efforts have been made to enhance oocyte developmental competence by developing optimal culture conditions. The present study is conducted to determine melatonin effects on quality of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) oocytes when it has been added during in vitro maturation, and immature oocytes were cultured in defined conditioned medium with and without different melatonin concentrations. Melatonin could significantly improve nuclear maturation of PCOS oocytes (81.1% vs. 56.3%, P < 0.05 were achieved with 10^?6 mol/L concentration). Cleavage rate was significantly higher in 10^?5 mol/L concentration compared to untreated oocytes in PCOS (54% vs. 35%, respectively) and it was significantly higher with 10^?6 mol/L concentration in the control group, 55% versus 38%, compared to untreated oocytes. This study showed that melatonin has the potential to induce oocyte nuclear maturation and guarantee fertilization potential. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science  相似文献   

Seed germination and seedling emergence of Iberian starthistle (Centaurea iberica)          下载免费PDF全文

Iraj Nosratti  Rabee Abbasi  Alireza Bagheri  Pardis Bromandan 《Weed Biology and Management》2017,17(3):144-149

Centaurea iberica has become a problematic weed in some regions of western Iran. Little published data are available in the literature regarding its seed germination and seedling emergence. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of different factors on C. iberica seed germination. The highest level of germination of C. iberica was achieved at fluctuating temperatures of 15/25°C (night/day). The seed germination of C. iberica was stimulated by light and little germination occurred under continuous darkness. The pH solution did not have any effect on its seed germination. Centaurea iberica was tolerant to both salt and water stress. The level of seedling emergence was greatest for the seeds that were located on the soil surface, declining with depth, and no seedling emerged from a soil depth of 4 cm. These results indicated that C. iberica has the potential to infest more fields in the western parts of Iran, particularly rainfed areas. Based on the results of this study, crops with a dense canopy and/or planted in narrow‐row intervals could be used to diminish the seed germination of C iberica. In addition, the adoption of tillage systems that bury the seeds of C. iberica under the 4 cm depth would effective in its management.  相似文献   

Occurrence of Unilateral Posterior Polyneuritis in an 8-year-old Crossbred Mare     

Taghi T. Bazargani DVM  MSc  Saman Rafia DVM  Javad Ashrafi Helan DVM  PhD  Seyyed H. Moaddab DVM 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2010,30(12):711-714

An 8-year-old Thoroughbred Turkoman crossbred mare was examined for right pelvic limb paresis and ataxia. The signs had been progressing through time. Neurological examinations revealed a gait deficit, right pelvic limb gluteal muscles atrophy, skin hypalgesia around the tail, perineum, and right pelvis. Hyperesthesia was found in the margins of anesthetic areas. Hypotonic anal sphincter and flaccid tail were also evident. Fecal and urinary retention were revealed by rectal palpation. At necropsy, the affected nerve roots in right lumbar, sacral vertebrae, as well as cauda equina were found to be significantly thickened and fibrotic with adhesions to the related vertebral bodies. Histopathological examinations confirmed the diagnosis of polyneuritis in this mare.  相似文献