MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF CEREBRAL CORTICAL NECROSIS (POLIOENCEPHALOMALACIA) IN A DOG     

Christopher L.  Mariani  DVM  Simon R.  Platt  BVMS  MRCVS  Susan M.  Newell  DVM  MS  Scott P.  Terrell  DVM  Cheryl L.  Chrisman  DVM  MS  EDS  Roger M.  Clemmons  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(6):524-531

A 3-year-old neutered female mixed breed dog was examined because of severe, generalized seizure activity, tetraparesis, and encephalopathic signs. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) evaluation was unremarkable except for a mild increase in protein. Serum and CSF titers for infectious diseases were negative. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examination of the brain was performed and lesions were found within the cerebral gray matter of the temporal and parietal lobes. The lesions had increased signal intensity on T1, T2, and proton density-weighted images. There was mild inhomogeneous enhancement following intravenous contrast medium administration. Neurologic status improved and the seizures were well controlled, but the dog never regained normal mentation and euthanasia was performed 10 weeks after initial evaluation. At necropsy, severe cerebral cortical necrosis was found in the regions corresponding to the lesions seen on MR imaging examination. Large numbers of fat-containing macrophages (gitter cells) were found within these areas, and are thought to be responsible for the characteristic hyperintensity seen on the MR images.  相似文献   

Effects of Thiopental, Ketamine, Diazepam, Xylazine, and Nitrous Oxide on EEG Spike Activity and Convulsive Behavior During Enflurane Anesthesia in Atropinized Cats Effect of Increasing Inhalant Concentrations     

YOSHIAKI HIKASA DVM  PhD    MASAAKI KUBOTA DVM  MS    KATSUAKI TAKASE dvm  PhD    TOMOKO KAKUTA mt  SHIGEO OGASAWARA dvm  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(4):311-317

The effects of thiopental, ketamine, diazepam, xylazine, and nitrous oxide, and the combinations of thiopental-nitrous oxide and ketamine-nitrous oxide, on both enflurane-induced electroencephalographic (EEG) spike activity and convulsive behavior were measured quantitatively in atropinized cats receiving enflurane with controlled ventilation. Pretreatments with thiopental, ketamine, and diazepam reduced both EEG spike frequency and amplitude at 2.5% to 4.5% inspired enflurane but did not abolish spike activity. Nitrous oxide (66% of inspired gas) did not significantly alter spike frequency or amplitude during 2.5% to 4.5% inspired enflurane, but the combination of thiopental-nitrous oxide or ketamine-nitrous oxide reduced EEG spike activity during 2.5% inspired enflurane. Enflurane-induced convulsive score was markedly suppressed by thiopental and ketamine and was significantly reduced by diazepam, xylazine and nitrous oxide. The combinations of thiopental-nitrous oxide and ketamine-nitrous oxide greatly reduced behavioral-convulsive responses induced by 2.5% to 4.5% inspired enflurane.  相似文献   

Successful treatment of a horse with chronic, severe flexural deformity of the distal interphalangeal joint: A case report     

Stacey Tarr DVM  Doug Butler PhD  CJF  FWCF  Robert K. Shideler DVM  ACT 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1993,13(12):711-714

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Oxalate Nephrosis and Renal Sclerosis After Renal Transplantation in a Cat     

C. R. GREGORY dvm    H. J. OLANDER dvm  PhD    E. J. KOCHIN vmd    I. M. GOURLEY dvm  PhD    D. COUSYN dvm  J. LEVY dvm 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(3):221-224

A 10-year-old castrated domestic shorthair cat received two renal allografts, 14 days apart, for the treatment of chronic renal failure. Oxalate nephrosis developed in both allografts, and they became nonfunctional. During the transplantation period, the cat was not exposed to exogenous sources of oxalate, and there was no evidence of primary type 2 hyperoxaluria before surgery. Urologic surgery, in particular renal transplantation, has been identified as a factor that can precipitate renal failure in human patients with decompensated renal function and hyperoxaluria. If hyperoxaluria was present before surgery in this cat, it was most likely caused by increased absorption or decreased metabolism of dietary oxalate.  相似文献   

Pasteurella haemolytica A1 and Bovine Respiratory Disease: Pathogenesis     

Laurence O. Whiteley DVM  PhD    Samuel K. Maheswaran BVSc  PhD    Douglas J. Weiss DVM  PhD    Trevor R. Ames DVM  MS  Mathur S. Kannan BVSc  PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1992,6(1):11-22

The severe fibrinonecrotic pneumonia associated with pneumonic pasteurellosis usually results from colonization of the lower respiratory tract by Pasteurella haemolytica biotype A, serotype 1(A1). Despite recent research efforts, the authors lack a detailed understanding of the interactions and host response to P. haemolytica in the respiratory tract. The authors hypothesize that management and environmental stress factors or viral infection alters the upper respiratory tract (URT) epithelium allowing P. haemolytica to colonize the epithelium. Once the URT is colonized, large numbers of organisms enter the lung where they interact with alveolar macrophages. Endotoxin, released from the bacteria, crosses the alveolar wall where it activates pulmonary intravascular macrophages, endothelium, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, complement, and Hageman factor leading to complex interactions of cells and mediators. It is the progression of this inflammatory response with neutrophil influx that is ultimately responsible for the pulmonary injury. Leukotoxin is a major virulence factor of P. haemolytica that allows it to survive by destroying phagocytic cells. At subcytolytic concentrations it may also enhance the inflammatory response by activating cells to produce mediators and release reactive oxygen metabolites and proteases.  相似文献   

Long-term Outcome of Tooth Repulsion in Horses A Retrospective Study of 61 Cases     

MICHAEL A. PRICHARD DVM    RICHARD P. HACKETT DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  HOLLIS N. ERB DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(2):145-149

The records of 61 horses undergoing tooth repulsion for treatment of alveolar periostitis were reviewed. Seventeen of 36 horses (47%) in which maxillary teeth were removed had serious postoperative complications, such as infection of a second tooth, bone sequestration, chronic sinusitis, draining tracts, retained dental packing, feed impaction of the alveolus or sinus, suture-line dehiscence, or skin-flap sloughs. Eight horses required at least one additional surgical procedure. Eight of 25 horses (32%) in which mandibular teeth were removed had serious postoperative complications, and four horses required an additional surgical procedure. Hospitalization lasted 2 to 61 days (median, 22 days) for maxillary teeth and 3 to 35 days (median, 8 days) for mandibular teeth. Long-term follow-up (at least 5 months) was possible in 47 horses. Twenty-four of 30 horses (80%) with maxillary tooth repulsion healed without further problems; six horses had persistent nasal discharge. Fourteen of 17 horses (82%) with mandibular tooth repulsion healed with no further problems or with only minor complications; three horses had a chronic draining tract.  相似文献   

Anthelmhntic effects of injectable and oral paste formulations of ivermectin against 28-day infections of parascaris equorum     

Thomas R. Bello DVM  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1989,9(6):307-309

Efficacy of ivermectin treatment (0.2 mg/kg) against 28-day experimental infections of Parascaris equorum was determined in 18 pony foals6–17.5 weeks old. There were 6 foals in each group: nontreated control, ivermectin injectable or oral paste. In comparison with larvae found in the nontreated controls, ivermectin injectable or paste was 96.0% and 99.9% efficacious. There was a distinct difference in drug effect against the larger (ca 26mm.) vs the smaller (13–19mm) larvae by the 2 formulations of ivermectin. There were no adverse signs related to treatment of the young foals.  相似文献   

Atlas of Approaches for General Surgery of the Dog and Cat By Mark M. Smith and Don R. Waldron     

THERESA W. FOSSUM DVM  MS  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(4):289-289

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Characteristics of Salmonella isolated from an outbreak of equine salmonellosis in a veterinary teaching hospital     

M.L. Castor BS  R.E. Wooley DVM  PhD  E.B. Shotts PhD  J. Brown DVM PhD  J.B. Payeur DVM  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1989,9(5)

During an outbreak of equine salmonellosis in a veterinary teaching hospital 20 Salmonella isolates were cultured from sick horses (13 isolates) or from the hospital environment (7 isolates). Three serotypes were isolated from the environment including: S. give, S. newportand S. agona. The serotypes isolated from horses included: S. give, S. newport and S. anatum. Examination of antibiotic profiles, presence of plasmids, production of bacteriocins and hemagglutination of erythrocytes implied a common origin for the equine and environmental isolates.  相似文献   

IOHEXOL AND IOPAMIDOL MYELOGRAPHY IN THE DOG: A CLINICAL TRIAL COMPARING ADVERSE EFFECTS AND MYELOGRAPHIC QUALITY     

William R.  Widmer  DVM  MS  William E.  Blevins  DVM  MS  Samuel  Jakovljevic  DVM  MS  Robert F.  Teclaw  DVM  PhD  Connie M.  Han  RVT  Cheryl D.  Hurd  RVT 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1992,33(6):327-333

In a blind clinical trial, adverse effects after iohexol and iopamidol myelography were evaluated in 151 dogs. Eighty-one dogs were given iohexol (240 mgI/ml) and 70 dogs were given iopamidol (200 mgI/ml) by pre-determined assignment. Each dog was evaluated postmyelographically for seizures, hyperthermia, prolonged recovery from anesthesia and intensification of pre-existing neural signs. Myelographic quality was evaluated with a subjective scoring method. In comparing iohexol and iopamidol groups, there was not a statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects or in myelographic quality. Iopamidol and iohexol appeared to be equally efficacious for routine canine myelography.  相似文献