The extradural pressure profile in goats following extradural injection     

Isabelle Iff Dr. med.vet.  Diplomate ECVAA  M Paula Larenza Dr. med.vet.  Diplomate ECVAA  Yves PS Moens Dr. med. vet.  Diplomate ECVAA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(2):180-185

ObjectiveTo measure the extradural pressures in goats before and after extradural injection, and to investigate the occurrence of extradural pressure waves.Study designProspective experimental trial.AnimalsNine healthy adult goats weighing 59.4 ± 6.4 kg, scheduled for stifle arthroscopy.MethodsThe goats were pre–medicated with midazolam and anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane. The goats were placed in lateral recumbency and extradural puncture was performed via the lumbosacral space. Correct placement of the needle was assessed by lack of resistance to the injection of saline. The needle was connected to an electronic pressure transducer to record extradural pressure. Measurements were taken before and after extradural injection of methadone (0.1 mg kg^?1, diluted to a total volume of 0.2 mL kg^?1) and 10 minutes later. Contrast medium was injected and correct extradural needle placement confirmed by radiography.ResultsLack of resistance to injection of saline occurred in all goats, but there were no pressure waves observed before injection in any animal. Radiography indicated incorrect needle placement in four animals and one had pressure waves synchronous with the arterial pulse after methadone injection. Correct needle placement was confirmed in the remaining five animals which exhibited pressure waves after extradural methadone injection. In the five goats with successful needle placement the baseline extradural pressure ranged from 0.4 to 2.5 kPa (3–19 mmHg), increasing to 4.4–39.9 kPa (33–300 mmHg) after injection. Ten minutes after injection, extradural pressure remained elevated and ranged from 2.5 to 17.3 kPa (19–130 mmHg).Conclusions and clinical relevanceExtradural pressure waves were not useful to confirm correct extradural needle placement in laterally recumbent goats. The presence of such waves after injection of 0.2 mL kg^?1 may be indicative of correct placement but even here we saw one of nine animals with extradural pressure waves where we failed to confirm correct needle placement. Extradural pressure increases after extradural injection.  相似文献   

Hematoporphyrin-based photodynamic therapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in cats     

Isabelle Ferreira  Sheila C. Rahal  Noeme S. Rocha  Ana H. Gouveia†  Thais P. Corrêa  Yuri K. Carvalho  Vanderlei S. Bagnato† 《Veterinary dermatology》2009,20(3):174-178

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a haematoporphyrin derivative (Photogem®, General Physics Institute and clustes Ltda) as photosensitizer and light emitting diodes (LEDs) as the light source was evaluated in 12 cats with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Lesions were illuminated with LEDs, (300 J/cm for 30 min) 24 h after the administration of the photosensitizer. Clinical responses were classified as complete disappearance of the tumour with total re-epithelialization; partial response (a reduction greater than 50%); and no response (less than 50% reduction). Tumours localized to the pinna treated with one ( n  = 3) or two ( n  = 4) applications of PDT yielded no response. Highly invasive tumours of the nose and nasal planum also showed no response, after two treatments ( n  = 2). A combination of PDT and surgery was performed in three cases. Two cats showed partial response and one complete response with one application of therapy 30 days after nasal surgery. Small and noninfiltrative lesions ( n  = 3) of the nasal planum showed a PR with one application ( n  = 2) and a CR with two applications ( n  = 1). This study shows that PDT using Photogem® and LEDs can provide local control of low-grade feline squamous cell carcinoma. The addition of PDT to surgery in more invasive cases may help prevent recurrence.  相似文献   

Chlamydial infections in duck farms associated with human cases of psittacosis in France     

Laroucau K  de Barbeyrac B  Vorimore F  Clerc M  Bertin C  Harkinezhad T  Verminnen K  Obeniche F  Capek I  Bébéar C  Durand B  Zanella G  Vanrompay D  Garin-Bastuji B  Sachse K 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,135(1-2):82-89

Five severe cases of psittacosis in individuals associated with duck farms were notified in France between January and March 2006. Diagnostic examination included serology and/or molecular detection by PCR from respiratory samples. As a consequence, we investigated all duck flocks (n=11) that were housed in the three farms where human infections occurred. While serology by complement fixation test was negative for all samples, cloacal and/or tracheal chlamydial excretion was detected by PCR in all three units. Notably, one duck flock was tested strongly positive in 2 of the 3 affected farms, and Chlamydophila (C.) psittaci strains were isolated from cloacal and/or tracheal swab samples from both farms. Human samples and duck isolates exhibited the same PCR-RFLP restriction pattern, which appeared to be an intermediate between genotypes A and B. Analysis of ompA gene sequences and comparison to those of the type strains showed that the isolates could not be strictly assigned to any of the generally accepted genotypes of C. psittaci. Further analysis by MLVA of the PCR-positive human samples revealed two distinct patterns, which were related to previously isolated C. psittaci duck strains.  相似文献   

Rapid quantitative determination of oleuropein in olive leaves (Olea europaea) using mid-infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometric analyses     

Fathia Aouidi  Nathalie DupuyJacques Artaud  Sevastianos RoussosMonji Msallem  Isabelle Perraud GaimeMoktar Hamdi 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,37(1):292-297

Oleuropein, the major active compound in olive leaf, is well known for its benefits for human health. Oleuropein is classically quantified by HPLC, which is time and chemical consuming, laborious and expensive. The aim of this work was to examine the potential of mid-infrared spectroscopy, as a rapid tool, to predict oleuropein content in olive leaf from five Tunisian cultivars (Chemlali, Chetoui, Meski, Sayali and Zarrazi) and one French cultivar (Bouteillan). The reference data of oleuropein content were obtained by the HPLC method. Hundred five samples were analyzed by HPLC and mid-infrared spectroscopy. Samples were randomly divided in a calibration set (73 samples) and in a validation set (32 samples). The spectral data sets were correlated with reference data of oleuropein content by using partial least squares (PLS) regression algorithm. The results showed that the PLS model gave satisfactory model for quantitative prediction of oleuropein content in olive leaf (relative error of prediction = 8.5%). The correlation coefficient was 0.91 and 0.74 for calibration set and validation set, respectively. It can be concluded that mid-infrared spectroscopy constitutes a promising technique for rapid quantification of oleuropein in olive leaf.  相似文献   

Complete Larval Development of the Fresh Water Prawn Macrobrachium vollenhovenii in Cameroon     

Judith G. Makombu  Pius M. Oben  Benedicta O. Oben  Guillaume L. P. Gaudin  Isabelle S. Motto  Ndelle Makoge 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(4):310-328

The African River prawn Macrobrachium vollenhovenii is the largest of the local Palaemonidae prawns along the Cameroonian coast and an important target species for fisheries and aquaculture. A preliminary study on larviculture of this species was carried out at the IRAD-AQUASOL hatchery in Kribi, Cameroon. Berried females M. vollenhovenii were obtained from the Lobe and Lokoundje Rivers in the Southern Region, typical Lower Guinea rainforest streams. The larval rearing system consisted of a single recirculation system of four 65 L cylindrical plastic containers connected to a submerged biological filter container (65 L). Experiments were conducted three times in the same condition, with two batches of larvae reared separately in duplicate per experiment, at a density of 40/L, temperature 26°C, and salinity 16%. Larvae were fed from 1 day after hatching until metamorphosis to postlarvae (PL) with newly hatched Artemia nauplii, three times daily at the rate of 5 nauplii per mL water. The number of newly hatched larvae per female body weight unit was not affected by the female size and ranged between 531 to 1349 larvae g^?1. The six batches succeeded from hatching to metamorphosis, and the 11 distinct larval stages described for M. rosenbergii were found. Larvae in all the batches developed more or less at the same pace up to stage V. However, a clear difference in the timing of appearance of the developmental stages was observed between batches and individuals of the same batch during the subsequent stages. The transition from stage V to stage VI and from stage IX to stage X was longer than the passage to other stages and seems to be the critical rearing period of M. vollenhovenii. From day 20 onward to sampling, the larval stage index (LSI) showed that larval development of the batch 1 was significantly faster than for all other batches. The time for first appearance of postlarvae was variable between batches (41–74 days), and batch 1 larvae passed through metamorphosis within a shorter span of time (41 days). Survival up to postlarvae was variable among batches, ranging between 3%–9%, and was better in batch 1 (9.31 ± 1.09). The general poor performance in terms of survival and metamorphosis rates of larvae seems to be related to the wild condition of broodstock. To improve performance of larvae, domestication of stock may be necessary. This result is the first recorded success in larviculture of M. vollenhovenii in Cameroon.  相似文献   

A NOVEL,REMOVABLE, CERROBEND,BEAM‐BLOCKING DEVICE FOR RADIATION THERAPY OF THE CANINE HEAD AND NECK: PILOT STUDY          下载免费PDF全文

Michael S. Kent  Davide Berlato  Isabelle Vanhaezebrouck  Ira K. Gordon  Katherine S. Hansen  Alain P. Theon  Randall W. Holt  Earl A. Trestrail 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(1):100-105

Radiation therapy of the head and neck can result in mucositis and other acute affects in the oral cavity. This prospective pilot study evaluated a novel, intraoral, beam‐blocking device for use during imaging and therapeutic procedures. The beam‐blocking device was made from a metal alloy inserted into a coated frozen dessert mold (Popsicle® Mold, Cost Plus World Market, Oakland, CA). The device was designed so that it could be inserted into an outer shell, which in turn allowed it to be placed or removed depending on the need due to beam configuration. A Farmer type ionization chamber and virtual water phantom were used to assess effects of field size on transmission. Six large breed cadaver dogs, donated by the owner after death, were recruited for the study. Delivered dose at the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the device, with and without the alloy block in place, were measured using radiochromic film. It was determined that transmission was field size dependent with larger field sizes leading to decreased attenuation of the beam, likely secondary to scatter. The mean and median transmission on the ventral surface without the beam‐blocking device was 0.94 [range 0.94–0.96]. The mean and median transmission with the beam‐blocking device was 0.52 [range 0.50–0.57]. The mean and median increase in dose due to backscatter on the dorsal surface of the beam‐blocking device was 0.04 [range 0.02–0.04]. Findings indicated that this novel device can help attenuate radiation dose ventral to the block in dogs, with minimal backscatter.  相似文献   

Ecology of termites from the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nasutitermes</Emphasis> (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and potential for science-based development of sustainable pest management programs     

Isabelle Boulogne  Reginaldo Constantino  Nadine Amusant  Michaël Falkowski  Alice M. S. Rodrigues  Emeline Houël 《Journal of pest science》2017,90(1):19-37

The genus Nasutitermes is among the most abundant wood-feeding Termitidae and an extremely diverse and heterogeneous group in terms of its biogeography and morphology. Despite the major role of several Nasutitermes species as structural pests, the phylogenetic status of this genus is still unclear, along with a confused taxonomy and species identification remaining difficult. The first aim of this review was thus to gather and discuss studies concerning the taxonomic status of the genus Nasutitermes in order to clarify this crucial point. Then, our goal was to gain new insights into the management of N. corniger, considered to be the most economically detrimental pest of this genus in South America and a Nasutitermes model species, while filtering available information concerning its biology through the prism of termite control, as well as critically examine the existing methods. We indeed strongly believe that increasing our knowledge of this species’ biological strategies is the key to progress in the challenging question of their sustainable management.  相似文献   

Resolving differing stakeholder perceptions of urban rooftop farming in Mediterranean cities: promoting food production as a driver for innovative forms of urban agriculture     

Esther Sanyé-Mengual  Isabelle Anguelovski  Jordi Oliver-Solà  Juan Ignacio Montero  Joan Rieradevall 《Agriculture and Human Values》2016,33(1):101-120

Urban agriculture (UA) is spreading within the Global North, largely for food production, ranging from household individual gardens to community gardens that boost neighborhood regeneration. Additionally, UA is also being integrated into buildings, such as urban rooftop farming (URF). Some URF experiences succeed in North America both as private and community initiatives. To date, little attention has been paid to how stakeholders perceive UA and URF in the Mediterranean or to the role of food production in these initiatives. This study examines the promotion and inclusion of new forms of UA through the practice of URF and contributes to the nascent literature on the stakeholder and public perceptions of UA. It seeks to understand how those perceptions shape the development of new urban agriculture practices and projects. Barcelona (Spain) was used as a Mediterranean case study where UA and URF projects are growing in popularity. Through semi-structured interviews with 25 core stakeholders, we show that UA is largely perceived as a social activity rather than a food production initiative, because the planning of urban gardens in Barcelona was traditionally done to achieve leisure and other social goals. However, several stakeholders highlighted the potential to increase urban fertility through URF by occupying currently unused spaces. As a result, the positive valuation of URF depends on the conceptualization of UA as a social or food production activity. In turn, such conceptualization shapes barriers and opportunities for the development of URF. While most UA-related stakeholders (e.g., food co-ops, NGOs) preferred soil-based UA, newer stakeholders (e.g., architects) highlighted the economic, social and environmental opportunities of local and efficient food production through innovative URF.  相似文献   

Influence of seed- borne and soil- carried inocula of Dickeya spp. on potato plant transpiration and symptom expression     

Marion Ansermet  Santiago Schaerer  Isabelle Kellenberger  Maud Tallant  Brice Dupuis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2016,145(2):459-467

  相似文献   

Improved effectiveness and efficiency in measuring soil enzymes as universal soil quality indicators using microplate fluorimetry     

Jean Trap  Wassila Riah  Marthe Akpa-Vinceslas  Caroline Bailleul  Karine Laval  Isabelle Trinsoutrot-Gattin 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2012

We tested the relevance of the microplate fluorimetric (F) assay for five enzymes in contrasting land uses, including woodland, grassland, cultivated and contaminated lands, as compared to the standard spectrophotometric (P) method. Enzymatic activity measured by the P method ranged from 0 to 56.04 nmol-pNP g^?1 min^?1 (median = 4) while the F method revealed lower values ranging from 0 to 6.22 nmol-MUB g^?1 dry soil min^?1 (median = 1). The values obtained by the P method were around 8 times higher than those revealed by the F method. However, the F method revealed significant differences in enzyme activity in orchard parcels (land use with low variations in soil properties). We concluded that the F method improves the effectiveness and the efficiency of measuring universal soil quality indicators using enzymes.  相似文献