Brightness of venous blood in South American camelids: implications for jugular catheterization     

Nicola Grint BVSc  DVA  Diplomate ECVAA  MRCVS  & Alexandra Dugdale MA  Vet MB  DVA  Diplomate ECVAA  MRCVS 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(1):63-66

Objective  To compare the brightness of South American camelid venous blood to that of Equidae.
Study design  Prospective clinical evaluation.
Animals  Twelve South American camelids (eight llamas, four alpacas), eight horses and ponies (control group).
Methods  Appropriately sized catheters were placed in the jugular vein of each animal under local anaesthesia. The blood spilt before the catheter was capped was caught on a white tile. A sample of blood was drawn for blood-gas analysis. The brightness of the blood (both on the tile and in the syringe) was matched to a colour chart (1 = darkest red, 8 = brightest red) by a single observer under bright light conditions. Packed cell volume (PCV) and partial pressure of oxygen (PvO₂) in the blood were also measured on the syringe blood. Normally distributed data were compared using a two tailed t -test, and non-normally distributed data were compared using a Mann–Whitney U -test. Significance was set at p  < 0.05.
Results  Camelid venous blood was significantly brighter red than that of horses and ponies both on the white tile ( p  = 0.0003) and in the syringe ( p  = 0.0001). PCV was significantly lower in camelids (32 ± 4%) compared with horses (37 ± 5%). Partial pressure of oxygen values were similar between groups.
Conclusions and clinical relevance  Jugular venous blood in alpacas and llamas is significantly brighter red than that of horses. Colour should not be used as a sole determinant of venous or arterial catheterization in this species.  相似文献   

Surgical management of a canine intracranial abscess due to a bite wound     

Ann L. Bilderback  DVM  DACVIM    Dominik Faissler  Dr Med Vet  DECVN 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(5):507-512

Objective – To describe the successful surgical management of a brain abscess in a dog secondary to bite wound. Case Summary – A 10‐year‐old neutered female Welsh Corgi/Chihuahua, weighing 5.3 kg, was presented for evaluation of seizures, ataxia, and falling to the left 8 days after a presumptive fight with another dog. On examination at presentation, the dog was alert, responsive, and ambulatory with tetra‐ataxia, falling to the left, left‐sided postural deficits, and absent left menace response. Within 24 hours, the dog progressed to nonambulatory tetraparesis with minimal motor, absent postural reactions of all limbs, left nasal hypalgesia, reduced gag reflex, and depressed mentation. Computed tomographic images of the brain were suggestive of a bite wound fracture of the right parietal bone with secondary meningoencephalitis, right parietal lobe abscessation, and white matter edema adjacent to the bone fracture. A modified right rostrotentorial craniectomy was performed, the abscess was identified, contents of the abscess were removed, and the surgical site was flushed extensively before closing. Corynebacterium spp. was cultured from within the abscess. Within hours of surgery, the dog was quiet but alert, responsive, and sitting up in her cage. In addition to surgical intervention, intensive care, broad‐spectrum IV antimicrobials, and supportive therapy led to significant neurologic improvement with only occasional seizures and mild postural reaction deficits of the left hindlimb remaining. New or Unique Information Provided – Abscess formation within the CNS is uncommon in dogs and cats and is associated with a high mortality rate. In veterinary medicine the management of brain abscesses is controversial with limited information available regarding treatment. This is the first case report that demonstrates surgical intervention in combination with antimicrobial therapy can be used successfully in the treatment of a canine brain abscess.  相似文献   

Outflow tract segmental arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in an English Bulldog     

Roberto A. Santilli Med Vet  Luigi V. Bontempi Med Vet  Manuela Perego Med Vet  Lara Fornai Med Vet  Cristina Basso MD  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2009,11(1):47-51

A 5-year-old English Bulldog was presented for acute onset of syncope and fatigue caused by sustained ventricular tachycardia with left bundle block morphology and inferior axis. This arrhythmia had the electrocardiographic features of a ventricular tachycardia arising from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), as described in an experimental canine model and in people. Since a RVOT aneurysm was identified by echocardiography, a segmental form of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) was suspected. Gross examination of the heart confirmed the bulging of the RVOT and histological examination of the ventricular myocardium revealed segmental involvement of the RVOT with transmural fibro-fatty degeneration. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of AVRC in an English Bulldog and the first example of segmental AVRC described in the dog.  相似文献   

Effect of Prosthesis Number and Position on Rima Glottidis Area in Equine Laryngeal Specimens     

ANDREW DART  BVSc  Diplomate ACVS  ECVS    ELIZABETH TEE  BVSc    MOSES BRENNAN  BVSc    CHRISTINA DART  Dr Med Vet  MVSc  DVSc  Diplomate ACVA    NIGEL PERKINS  BVSc  PhD  Diplomate ACT    STELLA CHAPMAN  BVSc    SALLY DEBNEY  BVSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(4):452-456

Objective— To assess the effect of 1 or 2 laryngeal prosthetic sutures on rima glottidis areas in equine laryngeal specimens. Study Design— Experimental, randomized design. Animals— Cadaveric equine larynges (n=16). Methods— Larynges were collected from 10 horses; 2 sutures each were preplaced in the right and left sides of each larynx. A dorsal suture (DS) was placed through the caudal rim of the dorsal midline of the cricoid cartilage, under the cricopharyngeus muscle and through the proximal and rostral aspect of the muscular process. A lateral suture (LS) was placed 1.5 cm lateral to the DS and through the muscular process more distal and caudal to the 1st suture. Larynges were positioned in a customized stand and the rima glottidis photographed after each suture (LS or DS) or suture combination (CS) was tied in random sequence. An additional 6 larynxes were used to determine whether the tension applied to the sutures was repeatable. Sutures were preplaced in both the right and left side of each larynx as described above and each suture and CS was tied and released 3 times in each larynx. Photographs were taken of the rima glottidis after each suture or CS was tied generating 3 replicates for each suture configuration on each side of the 6 larynges. Results— Mean rima glottidis area was not different between DS and LS when tied alone (P=.85); however, mean area after CS (DS+LS) was greater than DS (P<.001) and LS (P<.001) alone. The coefficient of variation for the 6 suture patterns were low (1–7%) and the intraclass correlation coefficient estimates were very high (0.997–0.998) demonstrating excellent repeatability between replicates for each of the 3 suture configurations. Conclusion— Our results suggest that laryngoplasty using 2 prostheses; 1 placed dorsally in the cricoid and through the rostral and proximal muscular process and 1 placed 1.5 cm lateral to the 1st and more caudal and distal in the muscular process results in a greater cross sectional area of the rima glottidis than either suture used alone. Clinical Relevance— Seemingly prosthetic sutures contribute independently to each other in determining the contour of the rima glottidis. Use of 2 prosthetic sutures improves crosssectional area of the rima glottidis compared with each suture alone and may improve surgical outcome in laryngoplasty.  相似文献   

Operator‐based variability of equine thromboelastography          下载免费PDF全文

Kristen Thane DVM  Daniela Bedenice Dr Med Vet  DACVIM  DACVECC  Ana Pacheco DVM  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(4):419-424

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Comparison of two species‐specific oscillometric blood pressure monitors with direct blood pressure measurement in anesthetized cats          下载免费PDF全文

Sofia A. Cerejo Med Vet  MSc  Francisco J. Teixeira‐Neto Med Vet  MSc  PhD  Natache A. Garofalo Med Vet  MSc  PhD  Jéssica C. Rodrigues Med Vet  MSc  Nathalia Celeita‐Rodríguez Med Vet  MSc  Angie P. Lagos‐Carvajal Med Vet  MSc 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(4):409-418

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Ex vivo biomechanical stability of 5 cricoid‐suture constructs for equine laryngoplasty          下载免费PDF全文

Olivier Brandenberger Dr Med Vet  Fabrice Rossignol DVM  Diplomate ECVS  Antoine Lechartier DVM  Diplomate ECVS  Céline Mespoulhès‐Rivière DVM  Diplomate ECVS  Amelie Vitte DVM  Anthony Rossignol  Norm Ducharme DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  Karl Joseph Boening Dr Med Vet  Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2017,46(5):705-713

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An anatomical study of plate‐rod fixation in feline tibiae          下载免费PDF全文

Andreas Gutbrod Dr Med Vet  DECVS  Simona Vincenti Dr Med Vet  Karolin Kühn Dr Med Vet  DECVDI  Sebastian Christoph Knell Dr Med Vet  DECVS  Philipp Alexander Schmierer DECVS  Antonio Pozzi Prof Med Vet  DECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2017,46(7):909-914

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Long‐Term Outcome after Arthroscopic Debridement of Distal Phalanx Extensor Process Fragmentation in 13 Horses     

OLIVER M. CROWE  BVSc Cert ES    RICHARD J. HEPBURN  BVSc Cert EM Diplomate ACVIM    SVEND E. KOLD  DVM PhD    ROGER K. SMITH  MA Vet MB PhD DEO Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):107-114

Objective— To report long-term outcome after arthroscopic removal of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx in horses.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Adult horses (n=13).
Methods— Medical records (2003–2004) of horses that had arthroscopic debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx were reviewed. Inclusion criteria included: lameness localized to the foot, fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx debrided arthroscopically, and a follow-up period of ≥4 years.
Results— Of the 13 horses, lameness was resolved in 11 (85%) initially but distal interphalangeal joint pain recurred in 2 (15%) within 1 year of surgery. Three (23%) other horses were retired because of lameness at other sites during the follow-up period resulting in 46% (6/13) being not lame and in full work after 4 years. Substantial changes were identified at surgery in the contralateral joint of 7 horses, even when fragments were only present unilaterally.
Conclusions— Arthroscopic debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the forelimb distal phalanx has a good short-term prognosis for resolution of lameness and return to work but a more guarded prognosis for long-term soundness.
Clinical Relevance— These results allow for more accurate prognostication preoperatively and may support early debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx.  相似文献   

Motor control by sensory cortex     

Matyas F  Sreenivasan V  Marbach F  Wacongne C  Barsy B  Mateo C  Aronoff R  Petersen CC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6008):1240-1243

Classical studies of mammalian movement control define a prominent role for the primary motor cortex. Investigating the mouse whisker system, we found an additional and equally direct pathway for cortical motor control driven by the primary somatosensory cortex. Whereas activity in primary motor cortex directly evokes exploratory whisker protraction, primary somatosensory cortex directly drives whisker retraction, providing a rapid negative feedback signal for sensorimotor integration. Motor control by sensory cortex suggests the need to reevaluate the functional organization of cortical maps.  相似文献