Growth of the fourspine sculpin <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cottus kazika</Emphasis> in the Gonokawa River,Japan, and effects of water temperature on growth     

Naohiko?TakeshitaEmail author  Itaru?Ikeda  Norio?Onikura  Masato?Nishikawa  Singo?Nagata  Seiichi?Matsui  Seir??Kimura 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(4):784-790

ABSTRACT:   The fourspine sculpin Cottus kazika is indigenous to Japan and found in Honshu except for the waters facing the Seto Inland Sea, and was also found in southern Shikoku and eastern Kyushu. This species has a catadromous lifestyle and migrates as juveniles from the sea to the middle reaches of rivers to grow. The growth pattern of this fish was investigated by a mark-and-recapture method from July 1994 to December 1996, in the Nigorikawa River, a tributary of the Gonokawa River system, Shimane Prefecture. 0-year-old fish of 50–70 mm total length ( TL ) occurred in the study area from June to July, grew to 90–140 mm  TL by the following April, and attained 160–210 mm  TL by December. This fish grew rapidly in September–November and April–July, almost ceasing to grow in July–September. It seems that this stagnant growth phase in summer is a characteristic of the seasonal growth pattern of C. kazika . A rearing experiment indicated that the growth rate of C. kazika was higher at 16–22°C than at 12–14 and 24–26°C. This result supports the field evidence of a stagnant growth phase in summer in the Nigorikawa River.  相似文献   

Mottled coloration of haploid-diploid and diploid-triploid mosaic amago salmon Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae     

Masaru Yamaki  Satoshi Yamaguchi  Katsutoshi Arai 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(1):157-165

ABSTRACT:   Mottled amago salmon Oncorhynchus masou ishikawe with both yellow- and dark-pigmented skin occurred together with typical albino individuals in a commercial farm. Out of 12 mottled fish examined by DNA content flow-cytometry and erythrocytic nucleus size, three were diploid, eight were haploid-diploid mosaic and one was diploid-triploid mosaic. This fact indicates that the mottled coloration might link to polyploid mosaicism. Genotype of diploid and non-diploid cells at the albino locus was estimated in nine mature mottled fish by observing the frequency of wild-type and albino progeny when mating to homozygous albino ( aa ). One diploid and three haploid-diploid mosaic mottled fish were presumed to have mosaic genotype with both hemizygous ' a ' and heterozygous ' Aa ' cells ( a/Aa ), because the segregation ratio between two phenotypes was 1 : 1. Three other haploid-diploid mosaic fish were presumed to have mosaic genotype with both hemizygous ' a ' and homozygous ' AA ' cells ( a/AA ), because of exclusive occurrence of wild-type phenotype in the progeny. The diploid-triploid mosaic mottled fish was presumed to have mosaic genotypes ' aa / AAA ', ' aa/AAa ' or ' aa / Aaa ', because this fish yielded only albino progeny. One diploid mottled fish produced both two phenotypes but albino embryos appeared with much more frequency than the expectation, when assuming the genotype ' Aa '. Thus, this fish was considered to have mosaic genotype ' Aa/aa '.  相似文献   

Reproductive biology of the cardinalfish Apogon lineatus in Tokyo Bay, Japan     

Gen Kume  Atsuko Yamaguchi  Ichiro Aoki and  Toru Taniuchi 《Fisheries Science》2000,66(5):947-954

  相似文献   

The genetic diversities of 4 species of subg. Lithocerasus (Prunus, Rosaceae) revealed by RAPD analysis     

Takehiko Shimada  Hiroko Hayama  Kouichi Nishimura  Masami Yamaguchi  Masao Yoshida 《Euphytica》2001,117(1):85-90

RAPD analysis was applied to reveal the genetic diversities of 4 speciesof subg. Lithocerasus within the genus Prunus using 40accessions representing the subgenera Prunophora, Amygdalus,Lithocerasus and Cerasus. The accession of subg. Lithocerasus are phenotypically similar to members of subgenus Cerasus but different with them in interspecific crossing tests and isozymeprofiles. Two major clusters, `Prunophora and Amygdalus group' and `Cerasus group' were constructed in the phenogram. We revealthat the examined 4 species of subg. Lithocerasus species; P.tomentosa Thunb., P. japonica Thunb., P. glandulosa Thunb.and P. besseyi Bailey, were genetically closer to the members ofsubgenera Prunophora and Amygdalus than to subg. Cerasus.  相似文献   

RAPD markers for discriminating tea germplasms at the inter-specific level in China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

L. Chen  S. Yamaguchi 《Plant Breeding》2005,124(4):404-409

For the discrimination of tea germplasms at the inter‐specific level, four tea species and varieties (Camellia sinensis, C. sinensis var. assamica, C. sinensis var. pubilimba, C. sinensis var. kucha) and their 20 wild allied species (C. sp.) preserved in the China National Germplasm Tea Repositories (CNGTR) were investigated using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Fifteen primers were chosen from the 61 screened for RAPD amplification. The average DNA polymorphic frequency of RAPD primers at the inter‐specific level was 0.30, varying from 0.16 to 0.60, lower than that at the intra‐specific level. Using the presence, sometimes absence of unique RAPD markers, it was possible to discriminate 14 of the germplasms investigated. No single primer could discriminate all the 24 germplasms. However, OPO‐13 provided rich band patterns and it could discriminate 10 genotypes. The combination of two and three primers made it possible to discriminate 15 and 21 germplasms, respectively. Furthermore, the combination of band patterns or the DNA fingerprinting based on specific RAPD markers generated by OPO‐13, OPO‐18, OPG‐12 and OPA‐13 allowed the discrimination of all 24 germplasms investigated. Therefore, RAPD markers also provide a powerful tool to differentiate tea germplasms at the inter‐specific level.  相似文献   

New types of major anthocyanins detected in Japanese garden iris and its wild forms     

T. Yabuya  T. Imayama  T. Shimomura  R. Urushihara  M. Yamaguchi 《Euphytica》2001,118(3):253-256

The anthocyanins of 130 cultivars, 13 lines and 3 wild forms of Iris ensata were analyzed by HPLC, and these plants were classified into 16 types of major anthocyanins. Among these types, 8 types such as petunidin 3RGac5G – delphinidin 3RGac5G, delphinidin 3RGac5G – petunidin 3RGac5G, cyanidin 3RGac5G – peonidin 3RGac5G, delphinidin 3RG – delphinidin 3RGac, petunidin 3RG5G – malvidin 3RG5G, malvidin 3RG5G – peonidin 3RG5G, peonidin 3RG5G – cyanidin 3RG5G and peonidin 3RG – cyanidin 3RG were obtained as new types. In these new types, peonidin 3RG – cyanidin 3RG and peonidin 3RG5G – cyanidin 3RG5G types were noteworthy because cyanidin 3RG and cyanidin 3RG5G are useful for the breeding of red flowers in I. ensata. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Microbial biomass and activity in urban soils contaminated with Zn and Pb     

H. Ohya  S. Fujiwara  Y. Komai  M. Yamaguchi 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1988,6(1):9-13

Summary The effects of heavy metals on microbial biomass and activity were investigated in 30 urban soils, contaminated mainly with Zn and Pb to different extents, in terms of the physicochemical and biological characteristics of the soils. Evaluated by simple and multiple regression analyses, the microbial biomass was not affected significantly by easily soluble Zn + Pb (extractable with 0.1 NHCI). The biomass was accounted for as a function of cation exchange capacity (CEC), total organic C and the numbers of fungal colonies present (R ² = 0.692). Carbon dioxide evolution from soils, which reflected microbial activity, was studied on soils incubated with microbial-promoting substrates (glucose and ammonium sulfate) or without. Carbon dioxide evolution was negatively related to Zn+Pb, and this inhibitory effect of the metals was greater in the soils incubated with substrates. Carbon dioxide evolution in soils with substrates was closely related to Zn+Pb, bacterial numbers and the numbers of fungal colonies (R ² = 0.718). Carbon dioxide evolution in soils without substrates was accounted for as a function of Zn + Pb, biomass and the C/N ratio (R ² = 0.511). Using these relationships, the effects of heavy metals on soil microorganisms are discussed in terms of metabolically activated and dormant populations.  相似文献   

The Physcomitrella genome reveals evolutionary insights into the conquest of land by plants     

Rensing SA  Lang D  Zimmer AD  Terry A  Salamov A  Shapiro H  Nishiyama T  Perroud PF  Lindquist EA  Kamisugi Y  Tanahashi T  Sakakibara K  Fujita T  Oishi K  Shin-I T  Kuroki Y  Toyoda A  Suzuki Y  Hashimoto S  Yamaguchi K  Sugano S  Kohara Y  Fujiyama A  Anterola A  Aoki S  Ashton N  Barbazuk WB  Barker E  Bennetzen JL  Blankenship R  Cho SH  Dutcher SK  Estelle M  Fawcett JA  Gundlach H  Hanada K  Heyl A  Hicks KA  Hughes J  Lohr M  Mayer K  Melkozernov A  Murata T  Nelson DR  Pils B  Prigge M  Reiss B  Renner T  Rombauts S  Rushton PJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5859):64-69

We report the draft genome sequence of the model moss Physcomitrella patens and compare its features with those of flowering plants, from which it is separated by more than 400 million years, and unicellular aquatic algae. This comparison reveals genomic changes concomitant with the evolutionary movement to land, including a general increase in gene family complexity; loss of genes associated with aquatic environments (e.g., flagellar arms); acquisition of genes for tolerating terrestrial stresses (e.g., variation in temperature and water availability); and the development of the auxin and abscisic acid signaling pathways for coordinating multicellular growth and dehydration response. The Physcomitrella genome provides a resource for phylogenetic inferences about gene function and for experimental analysis of plant processes through this plant's unique facility for reverse genetics.  相似文献   

Effects of tyrosine administration on serum biopterin in normal controls and patients with Parkinson's disease     

T Yamaguchi  T Nagatsu  T Sugimoto  S Matsuura  T Kondo  R Iizuka  H Narabayashi 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,219(4580):75-77

After administration of tyrosine, total concentration of biopterin, the cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, was increased in the striatum, adrenal glands, and serum of rats, and in the serum of humans. Serum biopterin is lower in patients with Parkinson's disease than in normal controls. After oral administration of tyrosine, the increase in serum biopterin concentration was smaller in patients with Parkinson's disease (less than twofold) than in healthy controls (three-to sevenfold). These results suggest that tyrosine may have a regulatory role in biopterin biosynthesis and that patients with Parkinson's disease may have some abnormality in the regulation of biopterin biosynthesis.  相似文献   

The Sequence Variations of Intron-3 of the α-Amylase Gene in Adzuki Bean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JIN Wen-lin  Yamaguchi Hirofumi  Isigami Matiko  Yasuda Kentaro 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2003,2(10)

This study describes variation of intron-3 of a-amylase gene from 156 breeds of adzuki beansusing SSCP(single-strand conformation polymorphism)analysis. Based on a-amylase gene structure and se-quence, A pair of PCR primers, F (CCTACATTCTAACACACCCT) and R (GCATATTGTGCCAGTACAAT)were designed to amplify intron-3 fragments of a-amylase gene. 14 variant types were detected, including 13,9, 10, 4 variant types in the wild, weed, locally cultivated and modern brought-up adzuki beans respectively,9, 8, 7 variant types of the wild adzuki beans from Japan, China and Korea respectively, and some other va-riant types in the local adzuki beans from China and Bhutan. 60 % of subjects of cultivated races were found tobe EE type in the experiment. In addition, sequence analysis of intron-3 of α-amylase gene from 8 varianttypes reveals the evolution process of various variant types in adzuki beans.  相似文献