Bank of environmental technology problems     

Ratman-Klosinska  Izabela 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2004,4(3):208-208

Journal of Soils and Sediments -  相似文献   

Effect of macroalgae enriched with microelements on egg quality parameters and mineral content of eggs, eggshell, blood, feathers and droppings     

Michalak I  Chojnacka K  Dobrzański Z  Górecki H  Zielińska A  Korczyński M  Opaliński S 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2011,95(3):374-387

This study presents results obtained from feeding experiment on laying hens, which were fed with the diet supplemented with two marine macroalgae: Enteromorpha prolifera and Cladophora sp., enriched with microelements [Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Cr(III)]. The applicability of the preparation was tested on five experimental groups of laying hens and one control group. In the control group, microelements were supplemented in the inorganic form, whereas in experimental groups, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn and Cr were replaced by macroalgae enriched with a given microelement ion. During feeding experiment, weight of laying hens, weight of eggs, eggshell thickness and mineral content of blood, feathers, droppings, eggs content (separately yolk and egg white) and eggshell were measured. Also egg number was counted and microclimate (temperature and relative humidity) was monitored. Supplementing bio-metallic feed additives to the diet of laying hens resulted in higher microelement transfer to eggs and enhanced the colour of yolk. It was also found that the presence of Enteromorpha prolifera and Cladophora sp. in laying hens diet influenced advantageously eggs weight, eggshell thickness as well as body weight of hens. On the basis of these results, it could be concluded that Enteromorpha prolifera and Cladophora sp. enriched with microelement ions could be potentially used as mineral feed additives in laying hens feeding.  相似文献   

The Phytotoxicity Changes of Sewage Sludge-Amended Soils   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Patryk Oleszczuk  Anna Malara  Izabela Jo?ko  Adam Lesiuk 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(8):4937-4948

The aim of the present study was the estimation of changes in the phytotoxicity of soils amended with sewage sludge with relation to Lepidium sativum, Sinapis alba and Sorghum saccharatum. The study was realised in the system of a plot experiment for a period of 29?months. Samples for analyses were taken at the beginning of the experiment, and then after 5, 17 and 29?months. Two kinds of sewage sludge, with varying properties, were added to a sandy soil (soil S) or a loamy soil (soil L) at the dose of 90?t/ha. The addition of sewage sludge to the soils at the start of the experiment caused a significant reduction of both seed germination capacity and root length of the test plants, the toxic effect being distinctly related to the test plant species. With the passage of time the negative effect of sewage sludge weakened, the extent of its reduction depending both of the kind of sewage sludge applied and on the type of soil. Phytotoxicity of the soils amended with the sewage sludges was significantly lower at the end of the experiment than at the beginning. The species of the plants grown on the soils also had a significant effect on their phytotoxicity. The greatest reduction of toxicity was observed in the soil on which no plants were grown (sandy soil) and in the soil under a culture of willow (loamy soil). Solid phase of sewage sludge-amended soils was characterised by higher toxicity than their extracts.  相似文献   

Effects of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on production of prostaglandin F2alpha and E2 in bovine endometrial cells     

Woclawek-Potocka I  Deptula K  Bah MM  Lee HY  Okuda K  Skarzynski DJ 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(3):333-340

The purpose of this study was to determine whether nitric oxide (NO) mediates tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha influence on the bovine endometrium. TNFalpha influence on the bovine endometrium is limited to the stromal cells. Therefore, it was interesting to find out whether NO production by the stromal cells, stimulated by TNFalpha might influence the endometrial epithelium. Moreover, we investigated the intracellular mechanisms of TNFalpha- and NO-regulated prostaglandin (PG) F(2alpha) and PGE(2) synthesis. Epithelial and stromal cells from the bovine endometrium (Days 2-5 of the oestrous cycle) were separated by means of enzymatic dispersion and cultured for 6-7 days in 48-well plates. The confluent endometrial cells were exposed to a NO donor (S-NAP; 1-1000 microM) for 24 h. S-NAP strongly stimulated PGE(2) production in both bovine endometrial cell types (P<0.001). The effect of SNAP on PGF(2alpha) production was limited only to the stromal cells (P<0.05). To study the intracellular mechanisms of TNFalpha and NO action, stromal cells were incubated for 24 h with TNFalpha or S-NAP and with NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor (L-NAME; 10 microM) or an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (IBMX; 10 microM). When the cells were exposed to TNFalpha in combination with NOS inhibitor (L-NAME), TNFalpha-stimulated PGs production was reduced (P<0.05). The inhibition of enzymatic degradation of cGMP by IBMX augmented the actions of S-NAP and TNFalpha on PGs production (P<0.05). The overall results suggest that TNFalpha augments PGs production by bovine endometrial stromal cells partially via induction of NOS with subsequent stimulation of NO-cGMP formation. NO also stimulates PGE(2) production in epithelial cells.  相似文献   

Environmentally-related genotypic,phenotypic and metabolic diversity of oat (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Avena sativa</Emphasis> L.) landraces based on 67 Polish accessions     

Maja Boczkowska  Jacek Zebrowski  Jarosław Nowosielski  Izabela Kordulasińska  Dorota Nowosielska  Wiesław Podyma 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2017,64(8):1829-1840

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Impacts of soil conditions and light availability on natural regeneration of Norway spruce <Emphasis Type="Italic">Picea abies</Emphasis> (L.) H. Karst. in low-elevation mountain forests     

Marcin K. Dyderski  Anna Gazda  Mariusz Hachułka  Paweł Horodecki  Izabela L. Kałucka  Jacek Kamczyc  Marek Malicki  Remigiusz Pielech  Michał Smoczyk  Maciej Skorupski  Sylwia Wierzcholska  Andrzej M. Jagodziński 《Annals of Forest Science》2018,75(4):91

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Plant pathogen culture collections: it takes a village to preserve these resources vital to the advancement of agricultural security and plant pathology     

Kang S  Blair JE  Geiser DM  Khang CH  Park SY  Gahegan M  O'Donnell K  Luster DG  Kim SH  Ivors KL  Lee YH  Lee YW  Grünwald NJ  Martin FM  Coffey MD  Veeraraghavan N  Makalowska I 《Phytopathology》2006,96(9):920-925

ABSTRACT Plant pathogen culture collections are essential resources in our fight against plant disease and for connecting discoveries of the present with established knowledge of the past. However, available infrastructure in support of culture collections is in serious need of improvement, and we continually face the risk of losing many of these collections. As novel and reemerging plant pathogens threaten agriculture, their timely identification and monitoring depends on rapid access to cultures representing the known diversity of plant pathogens along with genotypic, phenotypic, and epidemiological data associated with them. Archiving such data in a format that can be easily accessed and searched is essential for rapid assessment of potential risk and can help track the change and movement of pathogens. The underexplored pathogen diversity in nature further underscores the importance of cataloguing pathogen cultures. Realizing the potential of pathogen genomics as a foundation for developing effective disease control also hinges on how effectively we use the sequenced isolate as a reference to understand the genetic and phenotypic diversity within a pathogen species. In this letter, we propose a number of measures for improving pathogen culture collections.  相似文献   

Endocrine cells producing peptide hormones in the intestine of Nile tilapia: distribution and effects of feeding and fasting on the cell density     

Raquel Tatiane Pereira  Thaiza Rodrigues de Freitas  Izabela Regina Cardoso de Oliveira  Leandro Santos Costa  Fabricio Andrés Vigliano  Priscila Vieira Rosa 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(5):1399-1412

Endocrine cells (ECs) act as a luminal surveillance system responding to either the presence or absence of food in the gut through the secretion of peptide hormones. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of feeding and fasting on the EC peptide-specific distribution along the intestine of Nile tilapia. We assessed the density of ECs producing gastrin (GAS), cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in nine segments of the intestine using immunohistochemistry. Our results show that ECs immunoreactive to CCK-8, GAS, NPY, and CGRP can be found along all the intestinal segments sampled, from the midgut to hindgut, although differences in their distribution along the gut were observed. Regarding nutrient status, we found that the anterior segments of the midgut seem to be the main site responding to luminal changes in Nile tilapia. The NPY+ and CGRP+ EC densities increased in the fasted group, while the amount of CCK-8+ ECs were higher in the fed group. No effects of fasting or feeding were found in the GAS+ EC densities. Changes in ECs density were found only at the anterior segments of the intestine which may be due to the correlation between vagus nerve anatomy, EC location, and peptide turnover. Lastly, ECs may need to be considered an active cell subpopulation that may adapt and respond to different nutrient status as stimuli. Due to the complexity of the enteroendocrine system and its importance in fish nutrition, much remains to be elucidated and it deserves closer attention.  相似文献   

Folates Stability in Two Types of Rye Breads During Processing and Frozen Storage     

Elzbieta Gujska  Joanna Michalak  Joanna Klepacka 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(2):129-134

High-performance liquid chromatography was used to study the stability of folate vitamers in two types of rye breads after baking and 16 weeks of frozen storage. Bread made using sourdough seeds contained less total folate (74.6 μg/100 g dry basis, expressed as folic acid) than the whole rye flour (79.8 μg/100 g dry basis) and bread leavened only with baker’s yeast (82.8 μg/100 g dry basis). Most importantly, it was generated by a significant decrease in 5-CH₃-H₄folate form. The baking process caused some changes in folate distribution. Storage of breads at -18°C for 2 weeks did not have a significant effect (p < 0.05) on total folates compared to the content directly after baking. After a 5-weeks storage period, a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the content of total folates was recorded and it dropped on average by 14% for both type of breads. After a longer period of storage (16 weeks), a 25% loss of folates in the bread made with baker’s yeast and a 38% loss in the bread fermented with sourdough seeds was found. Retention of 5-CH₃-H₄folate and 10-HCO-H₂folate forms were much lower in the bread made with a sourdough addition than with baker’s yeast only.  相似文献   

Antioxidant effects of seaweeds and their active compounds on animal health and production – a review     

Izabela Michalak  Ruchi Tiwari  Manish Dhawan  Mahmoud Alagawany  Mayada R. Farag  Khan Sharun  Talha Bin Emran  Kuldeep Dhama 《The Veterinary quarterly》2022,42(1):48

Natural antioxidants applied as feed additives can improve not only animals’ health and overall performance but also increase their resistance to environmental stress such as heat stress, bad housing conditions, diseases, etc. Marine organisms, for example seaweeds – red, brown, and green macroalgae contain a plethora of biologically active substances, including phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, pigments, vitamins, micro- and macroelements, and proteins known for their antioxidant activity, which can help in the maintenance of appropriate redox status in animals and show pleiotropic effects for enhancing good health, and productivity. The dysregulated production of free radicals is a marked characteristic of several clinical conditions, and antioxidant machinery plays a pivotal role in scavenging the excessive free radicals, thereby preventing and treating infections in animals. Supplementation of seaweeds to animal diet can boost antioxidant activity, immunity, and the gut environment. Dietary supplementation of seaweeds can also enhance meat quality due to the deposition of marine-derived antioxidant components in muscles. The use of natural antioxidants in the meat industry is a practical approach to minimize or prevent lipid oxidation. However, overconsumption of seaweeds, especially brown macroalgae, should be avoided because of their high iodine content. An important point to consider when including seaweeds in animal feed is their variable composition which depends on the species, habitat, location, harvest time, growing conditions such as nutrient concentration in water, light intensity, temperature, etc. This review highlights the beneficial applications of seaweeds and their extracted compounds, which have antioxidant properties as feed additives and impact animal health and production.  相似文献