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Iwona Janczarek Anna Stachurska Witold Kędzierski Izabela Wilk 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
The objective of this study was to compare the responses of horses of different breeds to a sympathetic training method used during an initial training period, before the horses started their first racing season. Subject animals were 72 horses: 24 Thoroughbreds, 24 Purebred Arabians, and 24 Angloarabs. Each breed group consisted of 12 colts and 12 fillies. The sympathetic method used to train the horses lasted for 3 days in a row, one session per day. Training was divided into five stages, each stage made up of particular tasks to be achieved. The horse’s reaction to the training was measured with the length of time (seconds) necessary to complete a stage and the horse’s heart rate (bpm) during the stages. Data were analyzed by using multifactorial analysis of variance, taking into account the effect of horse breed, sex, and training session. Results showed that horses of various breeds had different responses to the training. The Angloarabs took the longest to complete the training stages. The 3-day training period caused the highest reaction in the Angloarabs, and the 3-day period was too short to allow for more than half of them to be mounted. Heart rate was more increased in Purebred Arabian and Angloarab fillies than in colts, which shows that fillies require particularly gentle treatment. 相似文献
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Piotrowska KK Woclawek-Potocka I Bah MM Piskula MK Pilawski W Bober A Skarzynski DJ 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(1):33-41
The aim of this study was to examine whether active metabolites of phytoestrogens (equol and para-ethyl-phenol) inhibit sensitivity of bovine corpus luteum (CL) to luteinizing hormone (LH) and to auto/paracrine luteotropic factors (prostaglandin E2-PGE2 and prostaglandin F(2alpha)-PGF(2alpha)), and whether they influence pulsatile progesterone (P4) secretion by the bovine CL. In in vivo experiments, high levels of equol and para-ethyl-phenol were found in plasma and in the CL tissue of heifers and cows fed a soy bean diet (2.5 kg/animal/day), along with lower concentrations of P4 (P < 0.05). Both Prostaglandins (PG) and LH strongly stimulated P4 secretion in cultured pieces of CL that were collected from cows fed a standard diet (P < 0.01). There was no effect of PGs and LH on P4 stimulation in CLs obtained from cows fed a diet rich in soy bean. Finally, we examined whether active metabolites of phytoestrogens participated in regulation of pulsatile P4 secretion and LH-stimulated P4 secretion in vitro using a microdialysis system. Equol and para-ethyl-phenol had no effect on basic and pulsatile P4 secretion in CLs during 240 min of perfusion when compared to the control (P < 0.05). However, they inhibited LH-stimulated P4 secretion (P < 0.05). Phytoestrogens and their metabolites may disrupt CL function by inhibiting PG- and LH-stimulated P4 secretion. 相似文献
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David M. Geiser María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco Seogchan Kang Izabela Makalowska Narayanan Veeraraghavan Todd J. Ward Ning Zhang Gretchen A. Kuldau Kerry O'donnell 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2004,110(5-6):473-479
One of the greatest impediments to the study of Fusarium has been the incorrect and confused application of species names to toxigenic and pathogenic isolates, owing in large part to intrinsic limitations of morphological species recognition and its application. To address this problem, we have created FUSARIUM-ID v. 1.0, a publicly available database of partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) DNA sequences, presently representing a selected sample of the diversity of the genus diversity, with excellent representation of Type-B trichothecene toxin producers, and the Gibberella fujikuroi, Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani species complexes. Users can generate sequences using primers that are conserved across the genus, and use the sequence as a query to BLAST the database, which can be accessed at http://fusarium.cbio.psu.edu, or in a phylogenetic analysis. Correct identification of a known species in these groups often can be performed using this gene region alone. This growing database will contain only vouchered sequences attached to publicly available cultures. In the future, FUSARIUM-ID will be expanded to include additional sequences, including multiple sequences from the same species, sequences from new and revised species, and information from additional genes. 相似文献
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Andrzejewska I Tryjanowski P Zduniak P Dolata PT Ptaszyk J Cwiertnia P 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2004,117(7-8):274-275
The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in chicks of wild birds and captive individuals was studied in the Poznań environs and in the Poznań Zoological Garden in the years 2002-2003. Bird blood was tested for T. gondii antibodies by an indirect fluorescent antibody test. T. gondii antibodies were detected from 5.8% of 205 analysed white stork chicks and 13.6% of 44 analysed adult storks in the zoo. Because toxoplasmosis is one of the more common parasitic zoonoses worldwide, we briefly discuss the potential epidemiological importance of stork toxoplasmosis to humans. 相似文献
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Khan Sharun Kuldeep Dhama Abhijit M. Pawde Christian Gortzar Ruchi Tiwari D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales Jos de la Fuente Izabela Michalak Youssef A. Attia 《The Veterinary quarterly》2021,41(1):181
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously 2019-nCoV) is suspected of having originated in 2019 in China from a coronavirus infected bat of the genus Rhinolophus. Following the initial emergence, possibly facilitated by a mammalian bridge host, SARS-CoV-2 is currently transmitted across the globe via efficient human-to-human transmission. Results obtained from experimental studies indicate that animal species such as cats, ferrets, raccoon dogs, cynomolgus macaques, rhesus macaques, white-tailed deer, rabbits, Egyptian fruit bats, and Syrian hamsters are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and that cat-to-cat and ferret-to-ferret transmission can take place via contact and air. However, natural infections of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported only in pet dogs and cats, tigers, lions, snow leopards, pumas, and gorillas at zoos, and farmed mink and ferrets. Even though human-to-animal spillover has been reported at several instances, SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals-to-humans has only been reported from mink-to-humans in mink farms. Following the rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within the mink population, a new mink-associated SARS-CoV-2 variant emerged that was identified in both humans and mink. The increasing reports of SARS-CoV-2 in carnivores indicate the higher susceptibility of animal species belonging to this order. The sporadic reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic and wild animal species require further investigation to determine if SARS-CoV-2 or related Betacoronaviruses can get established in kept, feral or wild animal populations, which may eventually act as viral reservoirs. This review analyzes the current evidence of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in domestic and wild animal species and their possible implications on public health. 相似文献
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Michalak J Gujska E Klepacka J 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(4):307-312
The influence that food heating has on the concentration of acrylamide in home-cooked potato dishes prepared by high-temperature,
such as pan-frying, deep-frying, roasting and microwave heating was analyzed. The experiment was performed with commercially
available deep-frozen par-fried French fries and deep-frozen par-fried potato products other than French fries (cubes, wedges,
noisettes, pancakes). Acrylamide was found in all deep-frozen par-fried French fries and other deep-frozen par-fried potato
products before domestic preparation. The mean level of acrylamide content in all frozen potato products before preparation
was found to be 322 μg/kg. Potato products were then prepared at 180 °C for 3 min and at 220 °C for 10 min. After domestic
preparation (roasting, pan-frying, deep-frying and microwave heating) it was found that the level of acrylamide in all products
increased. Acrylamide content in the analyzed samples significantly increased as the temperature and time of processing increased.
The statistical analysis showed significant differences (P < 0.05) for acrylamide content as a function of food preparation. The level of acrylamide increased with the increased heating
temperature and heating time. Additionally, the preparation method of roasting was significantly lower in acrylamide content
(P < 0.05) than the preparation method of microwaving although both preparation methods used the same conditions (time and temperature).
These results suggest that microwaving might be more favourable to the formation of acrylamide than conventional heating methods,
such as roasting. 相似文献
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Klepacka J Gujska E Michalak J 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(1):64-69
The aim of the study was to determine whether phenolic compounds in some varieties of buckwheat, winter and spring barley
and peas can be used as factors which distinguish selected cultivars and varieties of plant material. It was observed that
the content of total phenolics might be useful as a cultivar-distinguishing factor for all the plant materials analyzed, but
it was a distinguishing factor for only some varieties. Individual cultivars and varieties were best distinguished by the
content of syringic acid. The levels of syringic and vanillic acids were in reverse proportion to the total amount of phenolics
soluble in methanol and a positive correlation between syringic and ferulic acid was observed. Moreover, the protein content
of plant material was analyzed and a significant (p ≤ 0.05) correlation between this component and ferulic and vanillic acids was noted. 相似文献
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Phenolic Composition,Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Eryngium bornmuelleri leaf 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Abdullah Dalar Musa Türker Dimitrios Zabaras Izabela Konczak 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(1):30-36
Eryngium bornmuelleri Nab. (Tusî) is an endemic botanical from the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey traditionally used for preparation of herbal tea. Within this study, phenolic composition, antioxidant capacities and inhibitory activities towards selected digestive enzymes of E. bornmuelleri leaf were investigated. Sequential extracts, obtained by extraction of plant tissue by ethanol, acetone and water exhibited pronounced antioxidant capacities and in a dose-dependent manner suppressed the metabolic syndrome related enzymes: α-amylase, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. All extracts contained high levels of phenolic compounds. Flavonoid glycosides were the main phytochemicals detected, with rutin as the major compound (70 % of total phenolics). Chlorogenic, hydroxybenzoic and caftaric acids as well as traces of caffeic, ferulic and rosmarinic acids were also detected. Correlation analysis indicated that phenolic compounds were the major sources of the enzyme-inhibitory activities. This study suggests that E. bornmuelleri leaf extracts can modulate the metabolism of sugars and fats through inhibition of the relevant digestive enzymes. 相似文献