P450‐aromatase mRNA is Expressed in the Corpus Luteum (CL) of the Non‐Pregnant Sheep and Goat: The Expression of the Enzyme is Present Throughout Pregnancy in the Goat CL     

JA Mondragón  C Miranda  J García‐Mena  R Ocádiz‐Delgado  P Gariglio  MC Romano 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(1):85-89

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Abortions in sheep caused by Salmonella Brandenburg: Pathological findings     

RG Clark  JM Gill  RA Fairley  JA Smart 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):356-357

CASE HISTORY: A 7-year-old cat developed sporadic vomiting, reduced appetite, and weight loss over the previous 3 months.

CLINICAL FINDINGS: Palpation revealed a large mid-abdominal mass and the cat had marked eosinophilia. The cat progressively lost weight over the next 7 weeks when euthanasia was performed.

PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Necropsy revealed a 3?cm diameter firm white intramural mass in the colon and another in the pylorus. Mesenteric and cranial mediastinal lymph nodes were firm, pale, and enlarged. Histopathological examination revealed foci of necrosis surrounded by thick dense collagen trabeculae and predominantly eosinophilic inflammation within the intestine and lymph nodes. Marked eosinophilic infiltration of the liver was also present.

DIAGNOSIS: The lesions were consistent with gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGESF).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This is the first report of FGESF in a New Zealand cat and the first time lesions of FGESF have been observed in extra-abdominal tissues. Intestinal neoplasia can be clinically identical to FGESF and histopathology is required for differentiation. Evidence suggests that FGESF has a more favourable prognosis than intestinal neoplasia.  相似文献   

Confirmation of canine leproid granuloma syndrome in New Zealand     

B Smits  R Willis  JA Fyfe 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(3)

Canine leproid granuloma syndrome (CLGS) has not been officially reported in New Zealand. The seminal report describing this syndrome is in the Australian Veterinary Journal, 1998, where the results of a questionnaire circulated amongst veterinary pathologists and practitioners in Australia were reported. It included one response of a case seen in New Zealand, but no details of that case were given, despite CLGS being described in the literature as “common in New Zealand”. By injudicious use of references, the international literature has propagated the idea that the condition, including molecular identification, was confirmed in New Zealand, yet none of the articles cited actually confirmed that. An outbreak of skin granulomas in a group of approximately 35 working dogs was investigated, in which skin samples were sent to the Mycobacterium reference laboratory, Victoria, Australia, for PCR testing and molecular characterisation. Results of the clinical presentation, histological features and molecular studies conformed to the published details of CLGS. In particular, the nucleotide sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region, amplified from the mycobacterial DNA present in the clinical specimen provided, was identical to GenBank® Accession Number EF611177. That sequence is representative of the causative agent of CLGS in cases from Australia, the United States of America and Brazil. Although acid-fast organisms are occasionally seen in skin granulomas in dogs in New Zealand, this is the first confirmed identification of CLGS in this country. This is also the first report of an outbreak situation amongst a group of dogs.  相似文献   

Biometrics,Testosterone, Cortisol and Antler Growth Cycle in Iberian Red Deer Stags (Cervus elaphus hispanicus)     

E Gaspar‐López  T Landete‐Castillejos  JA Estevez  F Ceacero  L Gallego  AJ García 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(2):243-249

In this article, we aimed to describe the changes related to mating season in red deer, especially those related to antler growth, body condition score, testosterone and cortisol. Antler growth was studied in 17 Iberian red deer males, including body weight, antler length, biometric measures and testosterone and cortisol determination during 15 months. Body weight, body condition score, thoracic perimeter (TP), neck perimeter (NL) and testicular diameter (TD) showed the highest values immediately before mating season (autumn), decreased during it and remained constant at winter. Antler growth lasted 158 days and produced antlers with a final length of 80.8 ± 2.0 cm. Testosterone and cortisol showed seasonal changes with maximum values at September and May, respectively. Final antler size was related positively to cranial longitude, TP, NL, TD and body weight at casting time. No relationship between weight loss during precedent mating season and current antler size was found, but spring recovery weight was positively related to final antler size. Final length was related to the descent in testosterone values during previous mating season and to body weight before it. Spring recovery weight was related to relative weight loss during previous mating season. These results suggest that there is no relationship between the reproductive effort performed during one season and the next year size of the antler. In contrast, antler size was positively related to spring recovery weight, in the sense that those deer that recover a higher percentage of body weight at the early stages of antler growth develop higher antlers.  相似文献   

Synergistic Effect of Porcine Follicular Fluid and Dibutyryl Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate on Development of Parthenogenetically Activated Oocytes from Pre‐Pubertal Gilts     

AB Nascimento  MS Albornoz  L Che  JA Visintin  V Bordignon 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(5):851-859

This study investigated the effect of porcine follicular fluid (PFF) and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP) during in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine oocytes on meiotic maturation, fertilization and embryo development, and compared the effect of supplementing the embryo culture media with PFF or foetal bovine serum (FBS) on embryo development. Oocytes from pre‐pubertal gilts were IVM for 44 h, and parthenogenetically activated or in vitro‐fertilized. Embryos were cultured in porcine zygote medium (PZM3) for 7 days. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were evaluated at 48 h and 7 days of culture. The supplementation of the IVM medium with 25% PFF and 1 mm dbcAMP for the first 22 h resulted in more (p < 0.05) embryos developing to the blastocyst stage as compared with the inclusion of dbcAMP alone. The dbcAMP + PFF combination increased (p < 0.05) the average number of nuclei per blastocyst as compared with either of these components alone or in its absence. A synergistic effect of dbcAMP + PFF during IVM was also reflected in the capacity of oocytes to regulate sperm penetration and prevent polyspermy, as twice as many oocytes from the control group were penetrated by more than one sperm as compared with those matured in the presence of both dbcAMP and PFF. The supplementation of PZM3 with 10% FBS from days 5 to 7 of culture significantly improved the total cell quantity in embryos derived either from control or dbcAMP + PFF matured oocytes. There was no effect on the total cell quantity when FBS was replaced by the same concentration of PFF. These studies showed that dbcAMP, PFF and FBS can improve both the quantity (57.3% vs 41.5%) and quality (74.8 vs 33.3 nuclei) of porcine blastocysts derived from oocytes recovered of pre‐pubertal gilts.  相似文献   

Undernutrition and Exogenous Melatonin Can Affect the In Vitro Developmental Competence of Ovine Oocytes on a Seasonal Basis     

MI Vázquez  F Forcada  A Casao  JA Abecia  C Sosa  I Palacín 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(4):677-684

This study evaluated the effects of exogenous melatonin and level of nutrition on oocyte competence, in vitro fertilization (IVF), and early embryonic development in sheep during seasonal anoestrus (SA) and the reproductive season (RS). Adult Rasa Aragonesa ewes were assigned randomly to one of four treatment groups in two experiments based on a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. Individuals were treated (+MEL) or not treated (?MEL) with a subcutaneous implant of melatonin for 42 days and then were fed 1.5 (Control, C) or 0.5 (Low, L) times the daily maintenance requirements for 20 days. Ewes were synchronized and mated at oestrus (Day = 0). On Day 5, ovaries were collected and oocytes were used for IVF. Season had a significant (p < 0.01) effect on the number of oocytes recovered (RS: 19.6 ± 1.0; SA: 14.5 ± 1.0) and the number of healthy oocytes (RS: 13.9 ± 0.7; SA: 9.0 ± 0.7). In the RS, neither nutrition nor melatonin had a significant effect on the evaluated oocytes quality parameters although melatonin implants appeared to reduce the number of unhealthy oocytes in the undernourished group (p < 0.05). During SA, in undernourished ewes exogenous melatonin tended to increase the number of healthy (L+MEL: 9.4 ± 1.0, L?MEL: 7.6 ± 1.4; p < 0.1), and significantly improved both cleaved oocytes (L+MEL: 7.0 ± 0.7, L?MEL: 4.1 ± 0.9; p < 0.05) and blastocyst rate (L+MEL: 37.2, L?MEL: 21.9%; p < 0.05). In conclusion, oocyte competence in ewes was affected by season, and melatonin implants appeared to improve developmental competence in the seasonal anoestrous period, particularly in experimentally undernourished ewes.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Bartonella species,Rickettsia felis,haemoplasmas and the Ehrlichia group in the blood of cats and fleas in eastern Australia     

VR Barrs  JA Beatty  BJ Wilson  N Evans  R Gowan  RM Baral  AE Lingard  G Perkovic  JR Hawley  MR Lappin 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(5):160-165

Objectives To define the prevalence of Bartonella spp., Rickettsia felis, Mycoplasma haemofelis, ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum’ (Mhm) and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis’ (Mtc) in cats and their fleas in eastern Australia. Design and procedure Conventional PCR assays that detect Bartonella spp., M. haemofelis, Mhm, Mtc, Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp. and Neorickettsia spp. were performed on DNA extracted from blood and fleas collected from 111 cats. Cat sera were assayed by ELISA for IgG of Bartonella spp. Results DNA of M. haemofelis, Mtc and Mhm was amplified from 1 (0.9%), 1 (0.9%) and 17 cats (15.3%), respectively. Only DNA of Mhm was amplified from the 62 of 111 pooled flea samples (flea sets; 55.9%). Overall, the prevalence rates for Bartonella spp. DNA in the cats and the flea sets was 16.2% (18 cats) and 28.8% (32 flea sets), respectively. Bartonella spp. IgG was detected in 42 cats (37.8%), of which 11 (26.2%) were positive for Bartonella spp. DNA in their blood. R. felis DNA was amplified from 22 flea sets (19.8%), but not from cats. Overall, DNA of one or more of the organisms was amplified from 27% (30) of cats and 67.6% (75) of the flea sets. Conclusions This is the first Australian study to determine the prevalence of R. felis and B. clarridgeiae in both fleas and the cats from which they were collected. Flea-associated infectious agents are common in cats and fleas in eastern Australia and support the recommendation that stringent flea control be maintained on cats.  相似文献   

Giant cell enteritis in young crocodiles     

PW LADDS  JA DONOVAN  A. REYNOLDS  JA TURTON 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(9):300-301

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Detection of leptospires in bovine semen by polymerase chain reaction     

Heinemann MB  Garcia JF  Nunes CM  Morais ZM  Gregori F  Cortez A  Vasconcellos SA  Visintin JA  Richtzenhain LJ 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(1):32-34

OBJECTIVE: In view of the considerable importance of venereal transmission of bovine leptospirosis, the objective of the present study was to compare the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culture/isolation and serology to detect leptospire infection in bovine semen. DESIGN: Blood for serologic examination and semen for bacterial culture and PCR were collected from 20 bulls at artificial insemination centres in Brazil. Each animal was sampled twice for serology. RESULT: Forty-five percent (9/20) of the serum samples collected showed agglutinin titers to serovar hardjo in the first sample and 25% (5/20) had agglutinin titers to serovar hardjo in the second sample. Eighty percent (16/20) of semen samples were positive by PCR. Leptospires could not be isolated from any of the semen samples examined. CONCLUSION: Polymerase chain reaction can be a method of great potential for the detection of leptospires at artificial insemination centres.  相似文献   

Constant Light Exposure Causes Dissociation in Gonadotrophin Secretion and Inhibits Partially Neuroendocrine Differentiation of Leydig Cells in Adult Rats     

HH Ortega  JA Lorente  GA Mira  C Baravalle  NR Salvetti 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(6):417-423

The objective of this work was to study the changes that occur in the Leydig cells of rats exposed to continuous light. The laboratory rat is considered a non-photoperiodic species because exposure to short photoperiod has little or no effect on the reproductive status. However, exposure of adult female rats to constant light induces polycystic ovaries, indicating that extreme changes in the photoperiod affect the reproductive function seriously. Adult male rats were placed under continuous light conditions for a duration of 15 weeks. After this period, the animals were killed and testicles were dissected and processed by routine histologic protocols. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) serum levels were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The visualization of antigens was achieved by the streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemical method. Antibodies against chromogranin A, S-100 protein, P substance, synaptofisin, neurofilament protein-200, gliofibrillary acidic protein and neurone-specific enolase were used. The mean LH serum concentration was significantly lower, while the mean FSH level was significantly higher in treated animals. The expression of S-100, NSE, CrA, SP and SYN was significantly lower in treated animals. In conclusion, the constant light exposure acting directly at the pituitary level decreases LH secretion. The increased FSH secretion may be due to a partial reduction of the negative androgen feedback in the pituitary gland. Moreover, the constant light exposure affects the expression of some immunomarkers in Leydig cells, possibly because of the changes found in the gonadotrophin level and feedback mechanism.  相似文献