Causative factors influencing epizoochorous dispersal of weed seeds by sheep and associated carcass contamination in southern Australia     

Jane E. Kelly  Jane C. Quinn  Sharon G. Nielsen  Paul Weston  John C. Broster  Leslie A. Weston 《Weed Research》2020,60(3):221-231

Hordeum spp. (barley grass) and Bromus spp. (brome grass) are annual weed species that achieve long-distance seed dispersal via attachment to sheep, but also lead to sheep carcass damage due to the penetration of seeds into animal tissues. Range expansion of invasive weed populations predicted as a consequence of climate change may be associated with an increase in seed contamination incidence globally. An examination of Australian abattoir data (2006–2012), along with recent weed distribution patterns, indicates carcass contamination was associated with rainfall and abundance of key annual grass weeds, primarily Bromus spp. and Hordeum spp., although other factors may play a contributing role. Significant differences in seed contamination in slaughtered sheep were noted between states and regions, with widespread contamination occurring throughout all agro-ecological zones. Abattoir, sheep age and sex significantly influenced incidence, with contamination highest in adult males. Incidence increased with mean monthly rainfall, but declined with mean elevation, and significant interactions were noted between mean monthly temperature and state, and between mean elevation and year. Results show the need for vigilant recording of seed injuries in sheep to enhance weed surveillance efforts and effective integrated weed management of contributing annual grass weeds.  相似文献   

Freshwater habitat associations between pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), chum (O. keta) and Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) in a watershed dominated by sockeye salmon (O. nerka) abundance     

George R. Pess  Thomas P. Quinn  Daniel E. Schindler  Martin C. Liermann 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2014,23(3):360-372

To understand the interplay between habitat use and contemporary anadromous Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus spp., distributions we explored the habitat associations of three species, pink (O. gorbuscha), chum (O. keta) and Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) in streams of the Wood River system of Bristol Bay, Alaska, where sockeye salmon (O. nerka) are numerically dominant. We developed models to investigate the occurrence of nondominant salmon in relation to habitat characteristics and sockeye salmon density, using four decades of salmon presence and abundance data. The frequency of occurrence and abundance of nondominant species increased with watershed drainage area and stream depth and decreased with sockeye salmon density. The range of occurrence varied from nonexistent to perennial for the other species in sockeye‐dominated streams. Increasing watershed area resulted in larger stream habitat area and deeper habitats, allowing for the sympatric occurrence and persistence of all salmon species. The relationships between habitat and the presence of these Pacific salmon help define their requirements but also remind us that the patterns of presence and absence, within the overall ranges of salmon species, have yet to be fully understood.  相似文献   

Randomised trial of the bioavailability and efficacy of orally administered flunixin,carprofen and ketoprofen in a pain model in sheep          下载免费PDF全文

D Marini  J Pippia  IG Colditz  G Hinch  JC Petherick  C Lee 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(8):265-270

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Effect of Reproductive Seasonality on Gamete Quality in the North American Bison (Bison bison bison)          下载免费PDF全文

S Krishnakumar  DP Whiteside  B Elkin  JC Thundathil 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(2):206-213

The objective was to investigate the effects of reproductive seasonality on gamete quality in plains bison (Bison bison bison). Epididymal sperm (n = 61 per season), collected during the breeding season (July–September), had significantly higher post‐thaw total motility (36.76 ± 14.18 vs 31.24 ± 12.74%), and lower linearity (0.36 ± 0.06 vs 0.39 ± 0.04) and wobbliness (0.49 ± 0.04 vs 0.51 ± 0.03; mean ± SD) compared to non‐breeding season (January–March) samples. Representative samples (n = 4) from each season were used in heterologous IVF trials using cattle oocytes. Cleavage, morulae and blastocyst percentage were higher for breeding vs non‐breeding season sperm samples (81.88 ± 6.8 vs 49.94 ± 6.77; 41.89 ± 13.40 vs 27.08 ± 23.21; and 30.49 ± 17.87 vs 13.72 ± 18.98%, respectively). Plains bison ovaries collected during the breeding (n = 97 pairs) and non‐breeding (n = 100 pairs) seasons were classified as luteal or follicular. Oocytes recovered from these ovaries were classified into five grades based on morphology. There was no significant difference in the number of luteal ovaries or grades of oocytes recovered. Oocytes were matured, fertilized (with frozen sperm from three bison bulls) and cultured in vitro. Cleavage percentage was higher for oocytes collected during breeding vs non‐breeding season (83.72 ± 6.42 vs 73.98 ± 6.43), with no significant difference in subsequent development to blastocysts. In summary, epididymal sperm from non‐breeding season had decreased total motility and resulted in reduced embryo production in vitro. Oocytes collected during non‐breeding season had reduced ability to be matured, fertilized and/or undergo cleavage in vitro. Data suggested that season influenced gamete quality in plains bison.  相似文献   

Biomarkers for differentiation of causes of respiratory distress in dogs and cats: Part 2 – Lower airway,thromboembolic, and inflammatory diseases          下载免费PDF全文

Katherine F. Smith DVM  DACVECC  Rebecca L. Quinn DVM  DACVIM  Louisa J. Rahilly DVM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2015,25(3):330-348

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Biomarkers for differentiation of causes of respiratory distress in dogs and cats: Part 1 – Cardiac diseases and pulmonary hypertension          下载免费PDF全文

Katherine F. Smith DVM  DACVECC  Rebecca L. Quinn DVM  DACVIM  Louisa J. Rahilly DVM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2015,25(3):311-329

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TMV载体上发生的前体mRNA基因剪接效应研究     

叶新福  Quinn Li 《中国农学通报》2005,21(2):31-33

根据以往的报道,TMV基因只存在于细胞质中且不发生基因剪接,前体mRNA(Pre-mR鄄NA)的剪接只能发生在细胞核中。本研究应用RT-PCR,DNA序列测定及GUS INTRON的点突变和荧光检测等研究手段,首次发现TMV载体中GUS基因的表达和前体mRNA的剪接同时发生,证明了GUS基因在TMV载体上的剪接效应。  相似文献   

Modular hybrid total hip arthroplasty. Experimental study in dogs     

Bruno W Minto  Cláudia Valéria S Brand?o  Gilberto JC Pereira  Daniela Campagnol  Maria Jaqueline Mamprim  Carlos Roberto Padovani  José JT Ranzani 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2011,53(1):46

Background

This prospective experimental study evaluated the surgical procedure and results of modular hybrid total hip arthroplasty in dogs.

Methods

Ten skeletally mature healthy mongrel dogs with weights varying between 19 and 27 kg were used. Cemented modular femoral stems and uncemented porous-coated acetabular cups were employed. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed before surgery and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 360 days post-operation.

Results

Excellent weight bearing was noticed in the operated limb in seven dogs. Dislocation followed by loosening of the prosthesis was noticed in two dogs, which were therefore properly treated with a femoral head osteotomy. Femoral fracture occurred in one dog, which was promptly treated with full implant removal and femoral osteosynthesis.

Conclusions

The canine modular hybrid total hip arthroplasty provided excellent functionality of the operated limb.  相似文献   

Effects of diet and weight gain on circulating tumour necrosis factor‐α concentrations in Thoroughbred geldings     

J. K. Suagee  A. O. Burk  R. W. Quinn  T. G. Hartsock  L. W. Douglass 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2011,95(2):161-170

Low‐grade inflammation precedes the development of obesity‐related metabolic disorders in humans, but whether the same is true in the horse is not known. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of weight gain and diet on the inflammatory state of horses as determined by serum concentrations of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF), an inflammatory cytokine. Fifteen mature Thoroughbred geldings with an initial body weight (BW) of 519 ± 12 kg and body condition score (BCS) of 4.3 ± 0.1 were fed a diet of hay plus a concentrate that was either high in non‐structural carbohydrates (NSC) (i.e. starch and sugar), similar to those commercially available (CON) or one that had the energy source replaced with fat and fibre (FAT) for 32 weeks. Weight gain was achieved by feeding an additional 20 Mcal/day in excess of digestible energy maintenance requirements and resulted in a final BW of 608 ± 12 kg and BCS of 6.9 ± 0.1. Horses were exercised twice daily at a walk during the weight gain period. Horses were assessed bi‐weekly for BW and BCS. Serum TNF was analysed from blood samples collected at 4‐week intervals. Although treatment groups began the study with similar mean serum TNF concentrations, 12 weeks of FAT feeding promoted a decrease in circulating TNF that was maintained throughout the study with the exception of weeks 20 and 32. For either diet, there were no linear correlations between serum TNF concentration and BCS when horses increased in BCS from four to seven. The higher level of TNF observed in horses fed the CON diet indicates an increase in some level of systemic inflammation that was independent of their weight gain from a moderately thin to fleshy condition. The influence of diet on serum TNF concentrations should be investigated in horses fed to maintain body condition.  相似文献   

Findings in cattle consigned to Victorian knackeries between 2009 and 2018     

JG Gibney  SM Pefanis  MJ Jeffers  RJ Suter  JC Hunnam 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(8):396-404

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