Learning in normal and mutant Drosophila larvae     

Aceves-Piña EO  Quinn WG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1979,206(4414):93-96

Adult Drosophila melanogaster have previously been conditioned with shock to avoid various odors. In these experiments, larvae also sensed airborne odorants, responded to electric shock, and learned. Larval behavior paralleled adult behavior for (i) a mutant, smellblind, which failed to respond to odorants; (ii) three mutants, dunce, turnip, and cabbage, which were deficient in olfactory learning ability; and (iii) a mutant heterozygote, turnip/+, which learned but also forgot rapidly.  相似文献   

HIV/AIDS in women: an expanding epidemic     

Quinn TC  Overbaugh J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5728):1582-1583

More than 20 years into the human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic, women account for nearly half of the 40 million people living with HIV-1 worldwide, with an even higher proportion existing in developing countries. Social determinants of female vulnerability to HIV-1 include gender disparities, poverty, cultural and sexual norms, lack of education, and violence. Women are also more susceptible to HIV-1 because of hormonal changes, vaginal microbial ecology and physiology, and a higher prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases. Prevention strategies must address the wide range of gender inequalities that promote the dissemination of HIV-1.  相似文献   

SCIENTIFIC QUEEN REARING     

Quinn CW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1916,43(1122):939-941

  相似文献   

Kepler-16: a transiting circumbinary planet     

Doyle LR  Carter JA  Fabrycky DC  Slawson RW  Howell SB  Winn JN  Orosz JA  Prša A  Welsh WF  Quinn SN  Latham D  Torres G  Buchhave LA  Marcy GW  Fortney JJ  Shporer A  Ford EB  Lissauer JJ  Ragozzine D  Rucker M  Batalha N  Jenkins JM  Borucki WJ  Koch D  Middour CK  Hall JR  McCauliff S  Fanelli MN  Quintana EV  Holman MJ  Caldwell DA  Still M  Stefanik RP  Brown WR  Esquerdo GA  Tang S  Furesz G  Geary JC  Berlind P  Calkins ML  Short DR  Steffen JH  Sasselov D  Dunham EW  Cochran WD  Boss A  Haas MR  Buzasi D  Fischer D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6049):1602-1606

We report the detection of a planet whose orbit surrounds a pair of low-mass stars. Data from the Kepler spacecraft reveal transits of the planet across both stars, in addition to the mutual eclipses of the stars, giving precise constraints on the absolute dimensions of all three bodies. The planet is comparable to Saturn in mass and size and is on a nearly circular 229-day orbit around its two parent stars. The eclipsing stars are 20 and 69% as massive as the Sun and have an eccentric 41-day orbit. The motions of all three bodies are confined to within 0.5° of a single plane, suggesting that the planet formed within a circumbinary disk.  相似文献   

KOI-126: a triply eclipsing hierarchical triple with two low-mass stars     

Carter JA  Fabrycky DC  Ragozzine D  Holman MJ  Quinn SN  Latham DW  Buchhave LA  Van Cleve J  Cochran WD  Cote MT  Endl M  Ford EB  Haas MR  Jenkins JM  Koch DG  Li J  Lissauer JJ  MacQueen PJ  Middour CK  Orosz JA  Rowe JF  Steffen JH  Welsh WF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6017):562-565

The Kepler spacecraft has been monitoring the light from 150,000 stars in its primary quest to detect transiting exoplanets. Here, we report on the detection of an eclipsing stellar hierarchical triple, identified in the Kepler photometry. KOI-126 [A, (B, C)], is composed of a low-mass binary [masses M(B) = 0.2413 ± 0.0030 solar mass (M(⊙)), M(C) = 0.2127 ± 0.0026 M(⊙); radii R(B) = 0.2543 ± 0.0014 solar radius (R(⊙)), R(C) = 0.2318 ± 0.0013 R(⊙); orbital period P(1) = 1.76713 ± 0.00019 days] on an eccentric orbit about a third star (mass M(A) = 1.347 ± 0.032 M(⊙); radius R(A) = 2.0254 ± 0.0098 R(⊙); period of orbit around the low-mass binary P(2) = 33.9214 ± 0.0013 days; eccentricity of that orbit e(2) = 0.3043 ± 0.0024). The low-mass pair probe the poorly sampled fully convective stellar domain offering a crucial benchmark for theoretical stellar models.  相似文献   

Changes in the EEG in horses during surgery: the effect of an intravenous infusion of alfentanil     

JC Murrell  KL White  CB Johnson  PM Taylor  AE Waterman-Pearson 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2002,29(2):90-90

  相似文献   

Clinical use of mivacurium in the cat     

F  Corletto  JC Brearley 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):93-94

  相似文献   

Transcutaneous ultrasound over the right flank to diagnose mid- to late-pregnancy in the dairy cow   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

JC Hunnam  TJ Parkinson  S McDougall 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(8):313-317

Objective   To investigate the practical application and image quality of transcutaneous ultrasonography across the right flank for the diagnosis of mid- to late-gestation in cattle.
Procedure   Dairy cows of known pregnancy status were used to establish criteria for the identification of mid- to late-stage pregnancy by transcutaneous ultrasonography. Factors involved in the practical application of transcutaneous ultrasound for routine use in pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cattle were also examined.
Results   Transcutaneous ultrasound, using a 3.5-MHz sector transducer applied over the caudodorsal right flank fold, allowed rapid and detailed visualisation of bovine pregnancy (i.e. fetus, fetal fluids, placentomes and/or fetal membranes) and could be used to establish criteria for the diagnosis of pregnancy. The commonly available cattle holding facilities of the herringbone dairy, rotary herringbone dairy, AI race or crush, and walk-through dairy all allow safe access to the right flank of a dairy or beef cow. However, transcutaneous scanning over the right flank is difficult in modern rotary turnstile dairies.
Conclusion   A 3.5-MHz sector transducer applied over the caudodorsal right flank fold allows detailed visualisation of the bovine fetus in most types of cattle-holding facilities. Further investigation of the sensitivity and specificity of this technique over the entire gestation period and its possible use in ageing of the bovine fetus is merited.  相似文献   

Seasonal Changes in Testicular Cell Morphology in Domestic Male Cats (Felis catus)     

MA Stornelli  JC Reyna  MC Stornelli  R Nuñez Favre  CA Savignone  CM Tittarelli  RL de la Sota 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):287-290

The aim of this study was to asses the variation in the morphology of the seminal epithelium in relation to natural photoperiod in male cats. Tom cats (n = 240) were castrated every other week throughout the year. Each testis was fixed in Bouin's solution and cut into sections. The percentage of tubules with round spermatids (RS), elongated spermatids (ES), tailed spermatids (TS), mature spermatids (MS) and the number of Sertoli cells (SC) and Leydig cells (LC) were recorded in each sample. Testicles from males during short days (SHD) had a higher percentage of tubules with RS and ES compared to testicles from males during long days (LHD, 31.3 ± 0.6 vs 2.1 ± 0.6%, p < 0.001; 30.9 ± 0.7 vs 11.0 ± 0.7%, p < 0.001). Conversely, testicles from males during SHD had a lower percentage of tubules with TS and MS compared to testicles from males during LHD (24.5 ± 0.8 vs 29.7 ± 0.8%, p < 0.01; 13.1 ± 1.2 vs 57.0 ± 1.2%, p < 0.01). Furthermore, testicles from males during SHD had a higher number of SC and lower number of LC compared to testicles from males during LHD (11.4 ± 0.1 vs 8.0 ± 0.1%, p < 0.01; 19.2 ± 1.0 vs 38.0 ± 1.0%, p < 0.01). In conclusion, there are seasonal changes in testis cell morphology in the tom which may be related to seasonal sperm production.  相似文献   

Influence of Ascorbic Acid and Glutathione Antioxidants on Frozen-Thawed Canine Semen     

JC Monteiro  JSA Gonçalves  JA Rodrigues  CF Lúcio  LCG Silva  MEOA Assumpção  CI Vannucchi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):359-362

Poor sperm viability post-thaw has resulted in constant research into methods of cryopreservation of canine semen. One factor that may be involved in poor viability is sperm oxidative stress caused by excessive formation of reactive oxygen species. The present study was performed in order to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA) and glutathione (Glu) added to an extender for the freeze-thawing of dog sperm. Semen from five mature dogs was collected and frozen in two studies. Prior to and after freezing, sperm motility, morphology and membrane status were examined. In addition, sperm motility was examined up to 120 min after thawing to evaluate thermo-resistance. In study I, semen was collected twice from each dog. On both occasions, semen was divided into three aliquots: control, Glu 1 m m and Glu 5 m m . In study II, semen was collected twice and divided into three aliquots; control, AA 50 μ m and AA 250 μ m . Initial sperm motility was significantly higher in sperm diluted with AA 50 μ m ; sperm longevity, however, measured by a thermal-resistance test (TRT), was higher for Glu treatments. Higher concentration of Glu produced significant improvement in TRT and membrane status, whereas higher concentration of AA had a negative impact in sperm longevity. Antioxidant supplementation to semen freezing extenders improved semen quality post-thaw. Moreover, Glu had the most beneficial effect when supplemented at 5 m m .  相似文献