排序方式： 共有46条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
毛皮动物一般指那些能提供高档裘皮产品的动物,属于野生或经过人工驯化饲养的哺乳类动物。作者对毛皮动物的栖息环境、采食习性、行为等野生习性及驯化的关键问题和方法进行了综述。 相似文献
42.
Kathy L Murphy Johnny V Roughan Mark G Baxter Paul A Flecknell 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2010,37(3):222-229
ObjectiveTo assess the effects of premedication with buprenorphine on the characteristics of anaesthesia induced with ketamine/medetomidine.Study designProspective crossover laboratory study.AnimalsSix female New Zealand White rabbits.MethodsRabbits received, on occasions separated by 7 days, either buprenorphine (0.03 mg kg?1) or saline subcutaneously (SC) as premedication, followed 1 hour later by SC ketamine (15 mg kg?1) and medetomidine (0.25 mg kg?1) (K/M). At pre-determined time points reflex responses and cardiopulmonary parameters were recorded and arterial blood samples taken for analysis. Total sleep time was the duration of loss of the righting reflex. Duration of surgical anaesthesia was the time of suppression of the ear pinch and pedal withdrawal reflexes. Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests were used to compare data before (T0) and 10 minutes after (T10) injection with K/M.ResultsAll animals lost all three reflex responses within 10 minutes of injection of K/M. The duration of loss of these reflexes significantly increased in animals that received buprenorphine. At induction, animals that had received buprenorphine tended to have a lower respiration rate but there were no significant differences in arterial PCO2, PO2 or pH between treatments. Hypoxaemia [median PaO2 < 6.0 kPa (45 mmHg)] developed in both treatments at T10 but there was no significant difference between treatments. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was lower at T10 in animals that had received buprenorphine.Conclusion and clinical relevancePremedication with buprenorphine significantly increased the duration of anaesthesia induced by K/M, with no significant depression of respiration further to the control treatment within the first 10 minutes of anaesthesia. The MAP decreased but this was not reflected in a difference in other physiological parameters. These data show that premedication with buprenorphine, before K/M anaesthesia in the rabbit, has few negative effects and may provide beneficial analgesia. 相似文献
43.
Comparison of electroencephalogram activity and auditory evoked responses during isoflurane and halothane anaesthesia in the rat 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Antunes LM Golledge HD Roughan JV Flecknell PA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(1):15-23
Objectives To compare the second differential index (SDI) calculated from the auditory evoked potential (AEP) and electroencephalogram (EEG) parameters: median frequency (MF), spectral edge frequency (SEF) and burst suppression rate (BSR) determined at four equivalent minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) of isoflurane or halothane. Animals Twelve male Wistar rats weighing 418 g (SD ± 18.4 g). Methods Auditory evoked potentials and EEG responses were recorded in animals implanted with electrodes at established anaesthetic concentrations. Depth of anaesthesia was assessed using the strength of the pedal withdrawal reflex (PWR), and data were analysed using repeated measures anova and paired t‐tests. Results The SEF tended to decrease with increasing depth of halothane anaesthesia (F = 4.198, p = 0.05), but not with isoflurane. The MF and SDI were significantly higher during halothane than with isoflurane (F = 5.82, p = 0.036 and F = 5.263, p = 0.045, respectively) at equivalent depths of anaesthesia, and EEG burst suppression occurred at deeper planes of isoflurane but not halothane anaesthesia. Conclusions The study demonstrated that EEG and AEP characteristics recorded at MAC equivalent concentrations were suppressed to a greater degree by isoflurane than by halothane. These findings have strong implications for research projects where EEG recordings are collected, and also cast more general doubts upon the value of such parameters for evaluating depth of isoflurane anaesthesia in rats. 相似文献
44.
Surveys of inorganic bromide ion residues in tomatoes, cucumbers and selfblanching celery, commercially produced in England following soil sterilisation with bromomethane, have been carried out since 1979. The mean bromide ion level in 29 late-season cucumber samples was approximately 28 mg kg−1 and ranged up to 109 mg kg−1. Analysis of 242 tomato samples gave estimated mean bromide ion levels per plant ranging from 6 to 187 mg kg−1 in fruit picked throughout the season from seven holdings, on six of which bromomethane had been used fairly recently prior to planting. A statistically significant fall in bromide levels over the growing season was shown on four of the sites. In 38 samples of self-blanching celery, the mean bromide ion level was 104 mg kg−1 even though the mean interval between fumigation and planting was in excess of 1 year. Retail surveillance indicated that a large number of crops are likely to have bromide ion levels below 10mg kg−1. 相似文献
45.
Matthew C. Leach Sandra Allweiler Claire Richardson John V. Roughan Ruediger Narbe Paul A. Flecknell 《Research in veterinary science》2009,87(2):336-347
This study aimed to develop a behaviour-based pain assessment system for rabbits following ovariohysterectomy. Behaviour was analysed to assess the severity and duration of pain induced and determine the effects of administration of meloxicam. The results suggest that pain associated with ovariohysterectomy induced changes in the frequency and duration of a number of behaviours. The most indicative was inactive pain behaviour, which was observed very infrequently prior to surgery compared to very frequently immediately following surgery. This strongly suggests that this increase is a direct response to the surgical pain and/or stress. The frequency of inactive pain behaviour also decreased over the four days post-surgery suggesting that pain is decreasing during this time. High dose meloxicam (initial 1 mg/kg followed 0.5 mg/kg/day) induced some degree of analgesia. However, higher doses of meloxicam or in combination with an opioid may be required to provide consistent analgesia in rabbits following soft-tissue surgery. 相似文献
46.
Hayden T. Schilling Jason D. Everett James A. Smith John Stewart Julian M. Hughes Moninya Roughan Colette Kerry Iain M. Suthers 《Fisheries Oceanography》2020,29(4):309-323
Transport of larvae by ocean currents is an important dispersal mechanism for many species. The timing and location of spawning can have a large influence on settlement location. Shifts in the known spawning habitat of fish, whether due to climate or the discovery of new spawning stock, can influence the distribution of juveniles and our understanding of connectivity. The globally distributed species; Pomatomus saltatrix, is one such example where a previously unrecognised summer spawning event and a more southern latitudinal extent was recently reported for the southwest Pacific population. Although restrictions are in place to protect the traditional spawning event, the importance of the newly recognised summer spawning event is uncertain. Here, we investigate larval dispersal of P. saltatrix using particle tracking simulations to identify the contributions of the different spawning events to settlement. By modelling dispersal of larvae released in northern and mid‐latitude regions over the Austral spring and summer, we show that the newly recognised mid‐latitude summer spawning event contributes over 50% of the larvae reaching southern latitudes. This is due to a reduced (1–2 days) pelagic larval duration (associated with temperature), resulting in reduced larval mortality, and the seasonal (summer) strengthening of the East Australian Current (EAC) transporting particles ~50 km further south. These findings demonstrate that in dynamic boundary current systems such as the EAC, the final settlement location of larvae that are transported by ocean currents can vary considerably depending on the timing and location of spawning and that multiple spawning events are important for maximum dispersal. 相似文献