Carcinoma of the apocrine glands of the anal sac in dogs: 113 cases (1985-1995)     

Williams LE  Gliatto JM  Dodge RK  Johnson JL  Gamblin RM  Thamm DH  Lana SE  Szymkowski M  Moore AS;Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2003,223(6):825-831

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the signalment, clinical signs, biological behavior, and response to treatment of carcinoma of the apocrine glands of the anal sac in dogs. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 113 dogs with histologically confirmed carcinoma of the apocrine glands of the anal sac. PROCEDURE: Data on signalment, clinical signs, and staging were reviewed and analyzed along with treatment modality for potential association with survival time. RESULTS: Sex distribution was approximately equal (54% female, 46% male). One hundred four dogs underwent treatment consisting of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or multimodal treatment. Median survival for treated dogs was 544 days (range, 0 to 1,873 days). Dogs treated with chemotherapy alone had significantly shorter survival (median, 212 days) than those receiving other treatments (median, 584 days). Dogs not treated with surgery had significantly shorter survival (median, 402 days) than those that underwent surgery as part of their treatment (median, 548 days). Dogs with tumors > or = 10 cm2 had significantly shorter survival (median, 292 days) than dogs with tumors < 10 cm2 (median, 584 days). Hypercalcemia was identified in 27% (n = 29) of dogs, and those dogs had significantly shorter survival (median, 256 days), compared with those that were normocalcemic (median, 584 days). Dogs with pulmonary metastasis had significantly shorter survival (median, 219 days) than dogs without evidence of pulmonary metastasis (median, 548 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Unlike most previous reports, this study revealed an approximately equal sex distribution, and results suggest a more favorable prognosis.  相似文献   

Effects of pico-tesla electromagnetic field treatment on wound healing in rats     

Trostel CT  McLaughlin RM  Lamberth JG  Cooper RC  Elder SH  Pool RR  Gao C  Cromiak JA  Boyle CR 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(7):845-854

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a pico-tesla electromagnetic field (PTEF) on healing of sutured and open skin wounds and clinicopathologic variables in rats. ANIMALS: 64 male Fischer-344 rats. PROCEDURE: An incision made in the dorsal aspect of the neck was sutured (n = 32) or left open to heal (32). In each group, 16 rats were not PTEF-treated (controls). Wound treatment consisted of exposure to a PTEF once daily. Rats in each group were euthanatized at days 2, 4, 7, and 14. Wounds were evaluated via tensiometry (sutured wounds), digital planimetry (open wounds), laser Doppler perfusion imaging, bacteriologic culture, and histologic examination. Blood samples were collected from all rats for analysis. RESULTS: At day 14, sutured wounds in PTEF-treated rats were stronger (ultimate stress) and tougher (strain energy) than were sutured wounds in control rats. Open wounds in PTEF-treated rats contracted more quickly at days 2 and 4 than did those in control rats. Compared with control wounds, histologic changes (indicative of improved healing) in sutured and open wounds in PTEF-treated rats were detected as early as day 4. Laser Doppler perfusion measurements, results of CBCs, serum biochemical analyses, and bacteriologic cultures were not different between groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Exposure to the PTEF caused no adverse effects on clinicopathologic, histologic, or bacteriologic variables tested in this study. It appears that PTEF is a safe form of adjuvant treatment for wounds and improves strength of sutured wounds and speeds contraction of open wounds.  相似文献   

Toxic shock syndrome in a horse with Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia     

Holbrook TC  Munday JS  Brown CA  Glover B  Schlievert PM  Sanchez S 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2003,222(5):620-3, 601-2

A 3-year-old Thoroughbred gelding was examined because of clinical signs of pneumonia and shock. Mucous membrane petechiation and ventral edema were observed and considered to be a result of vasculitis. Epidermal necrosis developed on the distal portions of the limbs. The horse had a persistent high fever that was unresponsive to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory treatment, and Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from a nasal swab specimen and 2 transtracheal wash fluid samples. Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and supportive treatment resulted in clinical improvement. However, resolution of the pulmonary infection required long-term (42 days) antimicrobial administration. Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from this horse were positive for the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 gene and were shown to produce toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, the causative factor in toxic shock syndrome in humans. The horse's clinical signs were attributed to toxic shock syndrome secondary to pulmonary S. aureus infection.  相似文献   

A modified blocking ELISA for the detection of antibody to chicken anaemia virus using an Australian strain     

Tannock GA  Tan J  Mawhinney KA  Todd D  O'Rourke D  Bagust TJ 《Australian veterinary journal》2003,81(7):428-430

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Immunogenicity of bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus proteins encapsulated in nanoparticle vaccines,following intranasal administration to mice   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Shephard MJ  Todd D  Adair BM  Po AL  Mackie DP  Scott EM 《Research in veterinary science》2003,74(2):187-190

Stimulation of long lasting, protective immunity to respiratory viruses is often difficult to achieve with conventional respiratory vaccines. Polymeric nanoparticles, incorporating viral proteins have been shown to offer sustained release of antigen, with consequent prolongued stimulation of the respiratory immune system. In this paper the efficacy of two nanoparticle vaccines (poly-lactide-co-glycolide, PLGA; polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA), incorporating proteins of bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus (BPI-3) was investigated. As a preliminary to experiments in calves, it was considered essential to demonstrate immunogenicity of the experimental vaccine in mice. Mice immunised with PLGA nanoparticles, containing BPI-3 proteins, developed higher levels of virus-specific antibody than mice immunised with the PMMA vaccine or with soluble viral proteins alone. Immunoblotting using serum from the vaccinated mice, demonstrated strong reactions against the major BPI-3 proteins.  相似文献   

Characterization of genetic differences between Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium strains of diverse virulence with a focus on the glycopeptidolipid biosynthesis cluster     

Krzywinska E  Schorey JS 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,91(2-3):249-264

The Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) encompasses important pathogens in both animals and humans, yet little information is available on the factors required for MAC virulence. An animal isolate, M. avium strain 724 was found to be considerably more virulent in Balb/c mice than a human isolate, M. avium strain A5. To identify the genetic basis of this difference subtractive hybridization was applied, which resulted in the isolation of six DNA fragments unique to strain 724. BLAST searches showed that three sequences belonged to a large gene cluster responsible for biosynthesis of M. avium glycopeptidolipids (GPLs). To reveal the nature of variation between strains in the GPL cluster 27.5kb of a clone containing the A5 serotype-specific GPL (ssGPL) cluster was isolated, sequenced and compared to the corresponding region in other M. avium strains. The ssGPL cluster was highly conserved in the 5' region between all strains and serotypes tested; the 3' region reflects extensive divergence among serotypes including whole gene deletions and insertions of sequences containing open reading frames but lacking identity to any known genes.  相似文献   

Research centers. Science with an agenda: NSF expands centers program     

Mervis J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,297(5581):506-509

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2003 budget. NSF shines brightest in new good-government scorecard     

Mervis J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,295(5557):953

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Science education. U.S. programs ask faculty to help improve schools     

Mervis J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,295(5553):265

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Evaluation of in vitro chemosensitivity of vaccine-associated feline sarcoma cell lines to vincristine and paclitaxel     

Banerji N  Li X  Klausner JS  Kapur V  Kanjilal S 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(5):728-732

OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro sensitivity of 4 vaccine-associated feline sarcoma (VAFS) cell lines to the chemotherapeutic agents vincristine and paclitaxel. SAMPLE POPULATION: Cell lines derived from 4 VAFS specimens. PROCEDURES: Cell lines were cultured in vitro and individually exposed to various concentrations of vincristine and paclitaxel. Survival was estimated after 24 and 72 hours of exposure to each drug, and the drug concentrations that resulted in 50 and 90% reduction in number of viable cells (IC50 and IC90, respectively) were calculated. RESULTS: Both vincristine and paclitaxel had significant dose-dependent effects on the viability of the VAFS cell lines. After 72 hours of drug exposure, the IC50 and IC90 of vincristine for the 4 cell lines were between 0.005 to 0.039 microg/ml and 0.045 to 1.027 microg/ml, respectively. The IC50 and IC90 values for paclitaxel were between 0.037 to 0.092 microg/ml and 2.450 to 15.413 microg/ml, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Results of pharmacokinetic studies on vincristine and paclitaxel in other species suggest that concentrations greater than the IC50 values may be possible for both drugs in feline patients as well. The drug concentrations at which viable cell numbers were reduced by 90% may also be attained in vivo for some cases, but detailed information is needed regarding the distribution, concentration, duration of availability, and toxicity of various drugs in cats. Carefully chosen combinations of antineoplastic agents need to be screened to identify treatment protocols that may be further evaluated clinically for the treatment of VAFS.  相似文献