Thermo-acoustic behaviour of 3D knitted spacer fabrics     

Veerakumar Arumugam  Rajesh Mishra  Jiri Militky  Jan Novak 《Fibers and Polymers》2015,16(11):2467-2476

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Investigation of mechanical properties of basalt woven fabrics by theoretical and image analysis methods     

Rajesh Mishra  Hafsa Jamshaid  Jiri Militky 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(7):1369-1381

This paper explains a study conducted to evaluate mechanical properties of woven structures of basalt. The mechanical properties like shear strength and tensile strength were studied. Tensile properties of basalt hybrid and non-hybrid fabrics are predicted by computational tool and verified with experimental data. The shear strength was investigated by using picture frame fixture. The tests were recorded by a CCD monochrome camera during displacement of specimen at various positions. The images were used for image analysis program developed in MATLAB. The results of image analysis were compared with the actual experimental results. The results illustrate that the mechanical properties of fabrics experience a marked improvement when hybridization of basalt with polyester and polypropylene in different sets of weaves takes place. These findings are important requirements for using such fabrics for high-tech applications and composite forming.  相似文献   

Basalt nanoparticle reinforced hybrid woven composites: Mechanical and thermo-mechanical performance     

Rajesh Mishra  Hafsa Jamshaid  Jiri Militky 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(12):2433-2442

Nanoparticles are gaining wider importance and increasing utility in many areas of engineering and technology. This investigative work is conducted to study the effect of incorporating basalt nano particles in composites with basalt/basalt and basalt/jute woven structures as reinforcement. The nanoparticles were developed from basalt, they were characterized and used for reinforcing composites of basalt and jute hybrid fabrics. The mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of hybrid woven basalt reinforced epoxy composites were evaluated. Microscopic examination was carried out in order to analyze the internal structure and fractured surfaces. Interfacial characteristics, material morphology and failure was studied by use of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and optical microscopy. Thermal stability was characterized by TGA. The results elaborated that the incorporation of basalt nanoparticles exhibited superior properties compared to the pure epoxy resin impregnated basalt fabric reinforced composites in terms of mechanical and thermal stability.  相似文献   

Egg oxidation status,antioxidant enzyme activities,lipid classes,fatty acid composition profile and embryo survival rates during in vitro oocyte ageing in tench Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758)          下载免费PDF全文

Azadeh Mohagheghi Samarin  Sabine Sampels  Anna Krzyskow  Viktoriia Burkina  Jiri Kristan  David Gela  Martin Flajshans  Tomas Policar  Azin Mohagheghi Samarin 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(6):2305-2316

The effect of in vitro storage of oocytes on embryos survival rate, egg oxidation status, antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid classes and fatty acid composition profile was investigated in common tench Tinca tinca. In order to identify the role of oxidative stress in the progress of oocyte ageing the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and carbonyls as indicators of lipid and protein oxidation were measured and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were examined. Stripped ova from six females were stored in cell culture plates at 20°C for up to 10 hr post‐stripping (HPS). The stored ova were fertilized and the embryo survival rates were assessed. The results indicated that tench eggs could be successfully stored in vitro for 4 hr after stripping at 20°C. Superoxide dismutase enzyme activity increased at 6 HPS, whereas glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities decreased in oocytes during in vitro storage (p < .05) at 4 and 8 HPSs, respectively. The level of malondialdehyde did not show any significant changes during the progress of oocyte ageing. Carbonyls increased up to 2 HPS and thereafter decreased significantly. However, ova ageing did not affect the main lipid class composition and the fatty acid composition of the eggs. Lower quality eggs exhibited lower levels of cholesterol but higher levels of triacylglycerol.  相似文献   

Sand fly saliva: effects on host immune response and Leishmania transmission     

Rohousová I  Volf P 《Folia parasitologica》2006,53(3):161-171

The feeding success of sand flies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) is linked to the vast array of pharmacological substances in their saliva, which interferes with the host haemostasis and immune response. Modification of feeding site plays also an important role in Leishmania transmission. In naive hosts, co-inoculation of saliva and Leishmania parasites increases the chance of successful transmission. Disease exacerbation seems to be associated with enhanced production of type 2 cytokines and selective inhibition of some macrophage functions including the production of NO and H202. On the other hand, hosts repeatedly exposed to sand fly bites develop anti-saliva immune response that results in a protection against Leishmania infection. This led to a new interesting approach to anti-Leishmania vaccine--using salivary components to block parasite transmission. The review is therefore focused on the interactions that run between immunomodulatory molecules in sand fly saliva and host immune response, with the impact on Leishmania infection development. Recent studies revealed that saliva-based vaccine for leishmaniasis might be effective and feasible, however, several questions still require to be solved. The knowledge based on experimental mouse model cannot be fully extrapolated to dogs or humans and due to differences in salivary antigens between sand fly species the protective effect is species-specific. On the other hand, the specificity of salivary antigens enables the use of anti-saliva antibodies for monitoring the exposure of hosts to sand fly bites and might be used as a marker of risks for Leishmania transmission in endemic areas.  相似文献   

Breeding for value in a changing world: past achievements and future prospects     

Tim White  John Davis  Salvador Gezan  Jiri Hulcr  Eric Jokela  Matias Kirst  Timothy A. Martin  Gary Peter  Greg Powell  Jason Smith 《New Forests》2014,45(3):301-309

Large-scale tree improvement programs began in the 1950s. Tree improvement is now part of operational silviculture programs in many companies and countries around the world and tree breeding programs have produced very impressive results: (1) realized gains in plantations being established today of some 40–50 % in volume yield above unimproved material for many programs; (2) increased efficiencies in all aspects of breeding, selection, testing and deployment; and (3) a shortening of the generation interval by a factor of two from approximately 30 years in the first generation to less than 15 years today for pine programs. What about the future? What should tree breeders be thinking, planning and doing to ensure that results 60 years from now are even more impressive than those from the previous 60 years? Tree breeders today live in a rapidly changing world faced with: increasing demands for food, energy and water; globalization leading to an interconnectedness of markets and rapid spread of exotic organisms; climate change and its implications for genetic deployment; burgeoning technology in robotics, communications and molecular tools; shifting ownership patterns of forest land; and the real possibility of completely new forest products and markets in the future. Three ideas for “Breeding for Value in a Changing World” are: (1) adopt a robust philosophy that aims to ensure maximum value produced per ha even in a future world that will be quite different; (2) embrace technology at every phase in the tree improvement process; and (3) encourage interdisciplinary teams of scientists to solve complex problems that require expertise ranging from molecular to landscape scales.  相似文献   

Photoproduction of proton gradients with pi-stacked fluorophore scaffolds in lipid bilayers     

Bhosale S  Sisson AL  Talukdar P  Fürstenberg A  Banerji N  Vauthey E  Bollot G  Mareda J  Röger C  Würthner F  Sakai N  Matile S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5783):84-86

Rigid p-octiphenyl rods were used to create helical tetrameric pi-stacks of blue, red-fluorescent naphthalene diimides that can span lipid bilayer membranes. In lipid vesicles containing quinone as electron acceptors and surrounded by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as hole acceptors, transmembrane proton gradients arose through quinone reduction upon excitation with visible light. Quantitative ultrafast and relatively long-lived charge separation was confirmed as the origin of photosynthetic activity by femtosecond fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopy. Supramolecular self-organization was essential in that photoactivity was lost upon rod shortening (from p-octiphenyl to biphenyl) and chromophore expansion (from naphthalene diimide to perylene diimide). Ligand intercalation transformed the photoactive scaffolds into ion channels.  相似文献   

Cell biology. The stress of finding NEMO     

Bartek J  Lukas J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5764):1110-1111

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Identification of monoclonal antibodies against 2,4-D herbicide by ELISA and DNA sequencing     

Brichta J  Fránek M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(21):6091-6097

Seven hybridoma clones, E2/G2, E2/B5, E4/C2, G5/E10, F6/C10, B5/C3, and B7, produced within one fusion experiment in 1991 and the clone E4/C2 originated from 1995 were characterized by sequencing of genes coding for variable domains of the antibodies against 2,4-D herbicide. Amino acid sequences of selected antibodies, deduced from DNA analysis, were confirmed by mass spectrometry. Surprisingly, nucleotide sequence analysis of the clones E2/G2 and E2/B5, producing the most sensitive antibodies, proved to have sequence homology of their variable domains, although the IC(50) values determined for these antibodies 9 years prior to the DNA analysis were 2.0 and 8.2 ng/mL, respectively. The same findings arose from the comparison of the immunochemical to DNA data established for G5/E10, F6/C10, and B5/C3 clones producing antibodies with IC(50) values in the range of 26.3-43.1 ng /mL. The clone E4/C2, originating from the later fusion experiment, did not share nucleotide homology with any of the examined clones. Data obtained by ELISA, immunosensor, and DNA analysis within a 9 year period are discussed with respect to hybridoma stability, methodic artifacts, measurement reliability, and other possible factors influencing the result interpretation.  相似文献   

麦类赤霉病菌菌丝的伸长速度及其温度反应     

吴基日  刘宪虎 《延边大学农学学报》1997,19(1):7-11

供试赤霉病菌２４９个菌株，探讨菌丝的伸长速度和对温度的反应，结果表明：２５℃条件下，菌丝的伸长速度在菌株之间的差异很大，对高温或低温的耐性程度在菌株之间也有很大的差异，缩小菌株数，扩大温度梯度所做了试验结果表明：菌株之间对高温和低温耐性、温度反应、最适菌丝伸长温度等都有很大的差异。  相似文献