The estimation of duration of maternally-derived antibodies against Akabane,Aino, and Chuzan virus in calves by the receiver operating characteristic analysis     

Jiro IWAMOTO  Masahiro FURUKAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2020,82(11):1614

The duration of maternally-derived antibodies against three arboviruses was investigated in calves, using the results of arbovirus serosurveillance performed in Kagoshima Prefecture during 2002–2016. The duration of maternally-derived antibodies against Akabane virus (AKAV), Aino virus (AINOV), and Chuzan virus (CHUV) was estimated to be 178 (sensitivity: 0.769, specificity: 0.730), 156 (sensitivity: 0.806, specificity: 0.791), and 156 days of age (sensitivity: 0.845, specificity: 0.814), by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The duration of maternally-derived antibodies against AKAV, AINOV, and CHUV differed 7–14, 22–28, and 20–31 days in the same calf types between the regions far from each other although it was similar between the adjacent regions. The dairy calves showed 6–29 days longer duration than the beef calves rearing in a similar region.  相似文献   

Nitrogen fixation of Sesbania rostrata: Contribution of stem nodules to nitrogen acquisition     

Rasti Saraswati  Tōru Matoh  Jiro Sekiya 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):775-780

Abstract

Nitrogen contents, nodule numbers, and nodule dry weights of 6-week-oId Sesbania rostrata plants grown in sand culture with only root nodules, only stem nodules or with both were compared and the root nodules were found to contribute to nitrogen acquisition more significantly than the stem nodules. Similar findings were obtained in ¹⁵N₂-fixing experiments. An 8-week-old plant with both stem and root nodules fixed 1.50 mg nitrogen in a 12 h light period, while the fixation decreased to 1.15 mg nitrogen after the removal of the stem nodules, suggesting that root nodules played major role in nitrogen fixation. However, acetylene-reducing activities per nodule dry weight were higher in the stem nodules. Under flooding conditions, the aerenchyma tissues contributed to about 40% of N₂ transport to root nodules, and 60% was supplied through stem.  相似文献   

Uronic acid in humus     

Jiro Kosaka  Chikabumi Honda 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):142-147

Introduction

Uronic acids are aldehydic sugar acids. In nature, they are composed mainly of d-glucuronic acid and d-galacturonic acid and scarcely of dmannuronic acid.  相似文献   

Research in the 21st century for weed scientists in the Asia‐Pacific region and roles of the new journal Weed Biology and Management: a message from the President     

Jiro Harada 《Weed Biology and Management》2001,1(1):1-4

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The effects of canopy gaps on seedling emergence and growth of two deciduous broad-leaved species (Cornus controversa andPrunus grayana) in aCryptomeria japonica plantations     

Jiro Kodani 《Journal of Forest Research》2001,6(4):303-305

The effects of canopy gaps on seedling emergence and growth ofCornus controversa andPrunus grayana were studied in a 21-year-oldCryptomeria japonica plantation. The seeds of the two species were sown in December 1995 and their fate was followed until March 2000.P. grayana germinated in 1996, butC. controversa germinated in 1997. In both species studied, more than 70% of the seedlings survived in the forest edge until the end of the experiment, although none survived in the forest understory in the first growing season. In the gap, the survival rate was higher inP. grayana than inC. controversa. In this experiment, some trees were cut to enlarge the area of the gap, in which the growth rate increased markedly forC. controversa seedlings, but not forP. grayana seedlings after the cutting. These two species showed substantial differences in the patterns of seedling emergence, survival and growth in aCr. japonica plantation which had a canopy gap.  相似文献   

Development of an efficient method for recovery of Puumala and Puumala-related viruses by inoculation of Mongolian gerbils     

Lokugamage N  Kariwa H  Lokugamage K  Hagiya T  Miyamoto H  Iwasa MA  Araki K  Yoshimatsu K  Arikawa J  Mizutani T  Takashima I 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(11):1189-1194

Puumala (PUU) virus and PUU-related viruses are difficult to isolate in cell culture. To determine whether animal inoculation would be a better alternative for virus recovery, the Sotkamo strain of PUU virus was inoculated into several animal species. Newborn Mongolian gerbils (MGs), mice, and rats were infected with the Sotkamo strain by intracerebral (ic), intraperitoneal (ip), and subcutaneous (sc) inoculation. Antibodies to PUU appeared in MGs at 30 days post-infection (dpi), and in mice and rats at 15 dpi. Interestingly, virus appeared at 7 dpi in lung and brain of MGs inoculated via ic and ip routes. Virus was detected in all tested tissues of MGs at 15 dpi, with a peak level of 1.36 x 10 (5) focus forming units (FFU)/g in brain tissue. The virus titer declined with the onset of the antibody response and became undetectable by 75 dpi, when the antibody titer reached the maximum level. The appearance of the virus in mice and rats was delayed as compared to MGs, and the virus titer was apparently lower, at approximately 4 to 8 x 10(3) FFU/g, at 15 dpi. In addition, lung homogenates of antibody-positive Clethrionomys (C.) rufocanus (captured in Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan) were inoculated into MGs by the ic route. PUU-related viral RNA was detected at 16 dpi in the brains of MG inoculated with the lung homogenate, and antibodies were detected at 45 dpi. These findings indicate that newborn MG inoculation is an efficient method to recover PUU and PUU-related viruses.  相似文献   

Histopathological classification of systemic Mycobacterium avium complex infections in slaughtered domestic pigs     

Hibiya K  Kasumi Y  Sugawara I  Fujita J 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2008,31(4):347-366

The aim of this study was to classify the histopathological features of pigs infected with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). We used slaughtered pig organs systemically infected with MAC. The results showed granulomatous lesions which were observed predominantly in the digestive organs and regional lymph nodes rather than respiratory organs. The histological picture showed a wide range of granulomatous stages from exudative to fibrotic reactions to the MAC infection. Eosinophils and giant cells were characteristically observed in the exudative reactions. The histopathological type in primary focus tended to be maintained in the respective organs. Most strains with the same genotype showed pathogenicity for guinea pigs irrespective of the type of granuloma. Although these findings suggest that different stages of a granulomatous lesion originating from the same causative agent might influence histological patterns, other possibilities such as the hereditary background of the host, or the effects of viral infections should be considered.  相似文献   

Late seeding of soybean after rice transplanting period using variety "Yukihomare" in central area of Hokkaido     

Jiro WATANABE  Yasuo OHSHITA  Hiroyuki TSUJI  Tsuneo NIHEI  Kenji KIMIWADA  Kenichiro HONDA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2006,52(4):577-577

(Jpn. J. Soil Sci.Plant Nutr., 77, 293–298, 2006)
"Kitanokaori" is a new variety of wheat for bread use bred at the National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region. The grain protein content of wheat for bread use should be higher than 120 g kg−1. Much nitrogen application is necessary to obtain high grain protein content. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimum amount of nitrogen to obtain the required protein content and to prevent nitrogen from remaining in the soil. The nutrition diagnosis using leaf color was investigated to predict the need and the amount of top-dressing. Field experiments were conducted for four years with nitrogen treatments in Andosol, which has moderate nitrogen fertility, and in Histosol, which is a fertile soil. The leaf color was measured using a chlorophyll meter SPAD502 (CM value) at the middle part of the leaf, avoiding the center rib. The colors of the 10·15 uppermost second leaves were measured in one plot and averaged.
A close relation was found between leaf color at the full heading stage and grain protein content at harvest. Leaf color at the full heading stage is therefore a good index to control the protein content. Considering the effect of top-dressing at the full heading stage in each CM value, the diagnosis criterion was decided. When the CM value is over 52 at the full heading stage, more nitrogen application is not needed. When the CM value is 50·52, 30 kg N ha−1 of top-dressing at the full heading stage is needed, and when the CM value is 45·50, 60 kg N ha−1 of top-dressing is needed to obtain a grain protein content of more than 120 g kg−1.  相似文献   

Identification of six phenylpropanoids from garlic skin as major antioxidants   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Ichikawa M  Ryu K  Yoshida J  Ide N  Kodera Y  Sasaoka T  Rosen RT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(25):7313-7317

The extract of garlic skins (peels) showed strong antioxidant activity, and some responsible constituents were isolated and identified. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been used as an herbal medicine, but there is no report on the health benefits of the skin or peel. In this study, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of garlic skin extract was evaluated. Using chromatographic techniques, the active constituents were isolated and subsequently identified. Analyses by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) suggested that these compounds were phenylpropanoids, which had a characteristic absorbance at 300-320 nm. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses allowed the chemical structures of the isolated constituents to be postulated. The proposed compounds were subsequently synthesized and compared with the constituents in the extract using HPLC-PDA and LC-MS. N-trans-Coumaroyloctopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine, guaiacylglycerol-beta-ferulic acid ether, and guaiacylglycerol-beta-caffeic acid ether were identified as were trans-coumaric acid and trans-ferulic acid. Also, the antioxidant activities of these compounds were determined.  相似文献   

Annual cycle of testicular maturation in the helmet crab Telmessus cheiragonus   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jiro  NAGAO  Hiroyuki  MUNEHARA 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(6):1200-1208

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