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991.
Objective To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements made on healthy adult rabbits without the effect of tranquilizers using the new applanation tonometer, Tono‐Pen Avia®, and the rebound tonometer Tonovet®. Methods Intraocular pressure was measured throughout the day (6:00, 9:00, 12:00, 15:00, and 18:00 h) in 38 adult New Zealand White rabbits (76 eyes). The animals were 20 males and 18 females, with a mean weight of 3.5 kg and an average age of 6 months. A complete ocular exam (including Schirmer tear test, fluorescein staining, slit‐lamp biomicroscopy, and direct ophthalmoscopy) was performed on all animals at the beginning of the trial. Rebound tonometry was performed, and after 10 min, anesthetic drops were instilled and applanation tonometry was carried out. IOP values obtained using the two techniques were analyzed statistically. Results The mean IOP was 9.51 ± 2.62 mmHg with Tonovet®, and 15.44 ± 2.16 mmHg with the Tono‐Pen Avia®. Significant differences between measurements with the two tonometers were observed (P < 0.001). The linear regression equation describing the relationship between the two tonometers was y = 0.4923x + 10.754 (y = Tonovet® and x = Tono‐Pen Avia®). High IOPs were recorded in the early measurements (6:00), but the average IOPs from both devices were statistically similar throughout the day (P = 0.086). The correlation coefficient was r2 = 0.357. No significant difference in IOP regarding gender was observed. Conclusion The Tono‐Pen Avia® recorded higher levels of IOP compared with the Tonovet®. Early in the day, the IOP of rabbits was higher than later in the day, regardless of the tonometer used. 相似文献
992.
da Cruz CE de Oliveira LG Boabaid FM Zimermann FC Stein G Marks F Cerva C Lieberknecht C Canal CW Driemeier D 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2011,42(3):451-459
Pekin robins (Leiothrix lutea) were once the most widely kept softbills in captivity. As a result of the Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (CITES-1997), the worldwide trade of wild-caught pekin robins has been prohibited due to the depletion of native populations of this species. In Brazil, as in other countries, pekin robins imported prior to the enactment of the CITES have disappeared from aviaries because the end of the birds' natural life span has passed, and only very few captive-bred pekin robins now exist. While captive propagation fails to address the primary causes of wild bird population decline, it might help the recovery of populations of this species. This article presents records made over a 10-yr period of a captive colony of pekin robins. Emphasis is placed on the management of the flock, the ailments affecting the birds, and the findings associated with bird losses. The main causes of bird losses included rearing management failures and age-related disorders. 相似文献
993.
Yogesh Chander Simone R. Oliveira Sagar M. Goyal 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2011,189(3):359-360
The tetracycline resistance gene, tet(B), has been described previously in Gram negative bacteria. In this study tet(B) was detected in plasmid extracts from 17/111 (15%) Streptococcus suis isolates from diseased pigs, representing the first report of this resistance gene in Gram positive bacteria. 相似文献
994.
Suárez-Bonnet A Herráez P Martín de las Mulas J Rodríguez F Déniz JM Espinosa de los Monteros A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2011,(3):345-351
14-3-3 σ protein is a negative cell cycle regulator, with both reduced and elevated levels associated with cancer in humans. This study assessed the expression of this protein in canine mammary tissues using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. 14-3-3 σ was detected in 97% of the mammary tissue samples examined and was found in both myoepithelial (MECs) and epithelial (ECs) cells. Expression levels were elevated and reduced in neoplastic ECs and MECs, respectively (P < 0.001). Intense expression of 14-3-3 σ was detected in neoplastic ECs infiltrating blood vessels and lymph nodes and suggests a possible role for this protein in the malignant transformation of mammary neoplasms. Moreover, double immunostaining for 14-3-3 σ and the MEC – specific marker p63, confirmed that 14-3-3 σ is a highly sensitive marker of MECs since all p63 – positive cells were also positive for 14-3-3 σ. However, this protein is not exclusive to MECs as ECs also labelled positively. 相似文献
995.
Munhoz CF Weiss B Hanai LR Zucchi MI Fungaro MH Oliveira AL Monteiro-Vitorello CB Vieira ML 《Phytopathology》2011,101(4):416-424
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae causes bacterial spot in passion fruit. It attacks the purple and yellow passion fruit as well as the sweet passion fruit. The diversity of 87 isolates of pv. passiflorae collected from across 22 fruit orchards in Brazil was evaluated using molecular profiles and statistical procedures, including an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetical averages-based dendrogram, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), and an assigning test that provides information on genetic structure at the population level. Isolates from another eight pathovars were included in the molecular analyses and all were shown to have a distinct repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction profile. Amplified fragment length polymorphism technique revealed considerable diversity among isolates of pv. passiflorae, and AMOVA showed that most of the variance (49.4%) was due to differences between localities. Cluster analysis revealed that most genotypic clusters were homogeneous and that variance was associated primarily with geographic origin. The disease adversely affects fruit production and may kill infected plants. A method for rapid diagnosis of the pathogen, even before the disease symptoms become evident, has value for producers. Here, a set of primers (Xapas) was designed by exploiting a single-nucleotide polymorphism between the sequences of the intergenic 16S-23S rRNA spacer region of the pathovars. Xapas was shown to effectively detect all pv. passiflorae isolates and is recommended for disease diagnosis in passion fruit orchards. 相似文献
996.
FlordeFátima Rosas-Cárdenas Noé Durán-Figueroa Jean-Philippe Vielle-Calzada Andrés Cruz-Hernández Nayelli Marsch-Martínez Stefan de Folter 《Plant methods》2011,7(1):4
Background
Small RNAs emerged over the last decade as key regulators in diverse biological processes in eukaryotic organisms. To identify and study small RNAs, good and efficient protocols are necessary to isolate them, which sometimes may be challenging due to the composition of specific tissues of certain plant species. Here we describe a simple and efficient method to isolate small RNAs from different plant species. 相似文献997.
Junia Vianna Corrêa da Silva Fernando César Juliatti João Renato Vaz da Silva Fernanda Carvalho Barros 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,131(3):409-418
Soybean rust is caused by an obligate parasite (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) which has spread in Brazil in each new season since 2001 and, despite the efforts to control the disease, losses have occurred
every year. Its control demands several tactics amongst which chemical control with fungicides is the main method and remains
indispensable. Control strategies such as the use of cultivars with partial resistance are desirable, but are not yet commercially
available. The present study analyzed the existing differences in the reactions of short, medium and long cycle soybean cultivars
against Asian rust and their responses to fungicide sprays. The experiment was conducted at Uberlandia-MG, Brazil, under field
conditions from December 2007 to May 2008, in the Syngenta Seeds Experimental Station. The high pressure of the disease in
the experiment simulated the natural pressure that the disease often reaches in Brazil. The studied variables were: visual
severity (percentage of infected leaf area), percentage defoliation and productivity (kg ha−1). Disease severity was expressed as AUDPC (area under disease progress curve). Variance analysis and comparison of means
by the Tukey test (5% significance) were done for all variables studied. Significant differences were observed between cultivar
effects and chemical control programs. The results obtained here indicate that the cultivars M-Soy 8199RR and Emgopa 315RR
were less susceptible to disease, and that a control program termed “monitoring” (in which the appearance of new pustules
of the pathogen were monitored to make the decision at each fungicide spray) was the most effective. 相似文献
998.
Abstract: Two new species of bothriocephalidean cestodes, Clestobothrium splendidum sp. n. from Merluccius australis (Hutton) and Clestobothrium cristinae sp. n. from Merluccius hubbsi Marini from the Patagonian shelf of Argentina, are described. Clestobothrium splendidum can be typified by the following characteristics: a medium-sized strobila composed of410-528 proglottides that are much wider than long; 49-90 testes per mature proglottis, partially surrounding the ovary posteriorly; a transversely elongated genital pore situated anterior to spurious articulations; presence of a genital atrium; a globular cirrus-sac occupying 4-6% of mature proglottis width; a vagina with sphincter and three pairs of osmoregulatory canals on each side of the proglottis. Clestobothrium cristinae is characterised by its small size; 71-219 proglottides; 39-64 testes per mature proglottis, usually surrounding completely the ovary posteriorly; a rounded genital pore situated at the same level of spurious articulations; an oval cirrus-sac occupying 8-16% of mature proglottis width; and three pairs of osmoregulatory canals on each side of the proglottis. Clestobothrium cristinae shares with C. splendidum the type and distribution of microtriches, except for the central surface delimited by two lips. Additionally, type and voucher materials of Clestobothrium crassiceps (Rudolphi, 1819) from Merluccius merluccius were studied. A key to species is provided. 相似文献
999.
Sakr Nachaat Ducher Mireille Delmotte Francois Vear Felicity Tourvieille Jeanne Walser Pascal de Labrouhe Denis Tourvieille 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2011,118(3-4):141-141
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - 相似文献
1000.
J.?M.?PitaEmail author J.?B.?Martínez-Laborde E.?Zambrana C.?de la?Cuadra 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2005,52(5):513-517
The germinability of the Vicia sativa L. seed samples in the base collection at the Centro de Recursos Fitogenéticos (Spain) was controlled in 1986 and 1996. The
mean germination of the collection, assessed by One-Sample T Test, was higher than 85%, suggesting its viability was properly maintained along the period. However, changes in germination
along the same period assessed by Paired-Samples T Test showed a slight decrease in its global germinability. More data on the viability of stored seeds worldwide – including
communication of unpublished data – are needed. Viability assays should be performed according to standard, internationally
coordinated protocols and statistical analysis, within an adequate documentation system that assures the integrity of accession
information. 相似文献