Prospective evaluation of pancarpal arthrodesis for carpal injuries in working dogs in New Zealand,using dorsal hybrid plating     

RM Jerram  AM Walker  AJ Worth  RG Kuipers von Lande 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):331-337

Abstract

AIM: To determine whether working dogs in New Zealand with carpal injuries and treated with unilateral pancarpal arthrodesis (PCA), using a dorsal hybrid-plating method, are able to return to satisfactory working ability.

METHODS: Fourteen working dogs presented to the Veterinary Specialist Group (VSG) and the Massey University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (MUVTH) with carpal injuries were prospectively treated using dorsal hybrid plating. Dogs were eligible if actively involved in farm, hunting or police work. Dogs had a standardised PCA surgical procedure performed, and similar instructions for post-operative care were provided. Dogs were re-evaluated clinically and radiographically at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. A questionnaire was completed by 12 owners, to assess each dog's working ability.

RESULTS: Twelve months following arthrodesis, 10/12 (83%) dogs could perform most or all duties normally. Eleven owners (92%) reported that the result of the surgery met their expectations, and nine owners (75%) were very satisfied with the outcome of the surgery. No owners were disappointed or very disappointed with the surgical outcome. Post-operative complications requiring surgical removal of the implant occurred in three (25%) dogs.

CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral PCA using a standardised surgical procedure and dorsal hybrid plating of carpal injuries has a good prognosis for working dogs in New Zealand to return to work.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These results may allow veterinarians to provide a more accurate prognosis to owners of working dogs that have debilitating carpal injury  相似文献   

Surgical management of suspected congenital luxation of the radial head in three dogs     

KJ Clark  RM Jerram  AM Walker 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(2):103-109

Abstract

CASE HISTORIES: Three dogs, aged between 11 and 20 weeks, were presented with unilateral forelimb lameness, with an associated bony prominence on the lateral elbow.

CLINICAL FINDINGS AND DIAGNOSIS: Radiographs revealed a caudolateral luxation of the radial head in all cases, consistent with a diagnosis of suspected congenital luxation of the radial head. Surgical reduction and stabilisation involved open reduction of the radial head, and in two cases the use of a trans articular pin.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Congenital luxation of the radial head is an uncommon condition that has conflicting reports in the literature regarding its cause, heritability, breed predisposition, treatment and prognosis. The three cases here occurred in young dogs of English Bull Terrier, Jack Russell Terrier, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier breeds. Surgical reduction and stabilisation provided successful outcomes, in all cases. Only six cases of congenital luxation of the radial head managed surgically have previously been reported in the literature.  相似文献   

Multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (MEED) in a horse     

AM Black  JC Mace 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1)

Extract

A 6-year-old Thoroughbred-cross gelding was presented with ulcerative coronitis and sloughing of chestnuts and ergots. The horse was mildly lame and its faeces were soft and formless. Laboratory findings included a mild eosinophilia, mild hyperglobuli-naemia and a marked elevation of gamma glutamyl transferase and glutamate dehydrogenase. There was a general deterioration of the horse's condition over a 3-week period and the dermatitis became generalised and the diarrhoea severe. It was euthanised. At necropsy, the pancreas was pale, multinodular and firm. The liver had a lobular appearance and there was generalised thickening of the descending colon. Histologically, there was a marked, predominantly eosinophilic infiltrate of the pancreas, liver and colon. There was a superficial and deep perivascular dermatitis of the coronet, characterised by dense infiltrates of eosinophils in association with marked acanthosis and hyperkeratosis. The combination of clinical findings, haematology, serum biochemistry and gross changes in conjunction with the histology confirmed MEED. The aetiology of MEED has not been established.  相似文献   

Hiatal hernia controversies - a review of pathophysiology and treatment options     

RK SIVACOLUNDHU  RA READ  AM MARCHEVSKY 《Australian veterinary journal》2002,80(1):48-53

Objective To provide a detailed discussion of the aetiology and pathophysiology of hiatal hernia in both humans and small animals, and review current medical and surgical treatments.
Design Review article.
Summary Hiatal hernia is not completely understood in humans or animals. It has a complex multifactorial aetiology and pathophysiology. A primary disturbance of the lower oesophageal sphincter has not been shown in humans or animals. Knowledge of pathophysiology is necessary to institute appropriate treatment.
Medical and/or surgical therapy is not indicated in asymptomatic cases. Medical treatment should be used for up to 1 month in stable cases of sliding hiatal hernia. Paraoesophageal hiatal hernias and any large sliding hiatal hernia should be considered for prompt surgical treatment. Surgical techniques used depend on the type of hiatal hernia present.
Surgical treatment of hiatal hernia cases should be performed by experienced surgeons, and must include hiatal closure and gastropexy. The Nissen fundoplication procedure has been discontinued in the veterinary field due to poor success rates, coupled with the published view that there is a marked difference in pathophysiology between humans and dogs. Reported complications associated with the original Nissen fundoplication technique are identical in the human and veterinary literature. There have been no complications reported with use of the modified or 'floppy' Nissen fundoplica-tion in dogs. Both oesophagopexy and Nissen fundoplication require further evaluation in small animals.  相似文献   

Comparison of the effect of oxygen supplementation using flow-by or a face mask on the partial pressure of arterial oxygen in sedated dogs     

AM Wong  E Uquillas  E Hall  CM Dart 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2019,67(1):36-39

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Genetic associations of in-line recorded milkability traits and udder conformation with udder health     

C. Carlström  K. Johansson  G. Pettersson  H. Stålhammar  J. Philipsson 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2016,66(2):84-91

Milkability and udder conformation traits of Swedish Holstein (SH) and Swedish Red (SR) cows from 93 herds with automatic milking systems or conventional milking parlors were used to study genetic relationships to lactation average somatic cell score (LSCS) and incidence of clinical mastitis (CM). Estimated genetic correlations between measures of milking speed (average flow rate, milking time and box time) and LSCS ranged between 0.29 and 0.57 and showed that high milking speed is associated with increasing LSCS. Regressions indicated a curvilinear relationship. Genetic correlations between milking speed and CM showed similar values as for LSCS in SH cows, but were inconsistent in SR cows. Shallow udder and strong fore udder attachment were consistently correlated with good udder health. The unfavorable relationships between milking speed and udder health traits should be considered together with a few udder conformation traits when selecting for better milkability.  相似文献   

Preliminary Investigation of Cardiovascular–Renal Disorders in Dogs with Chronic Mitral Valve Disease          下载免费PDF全文

E. Martinelli  C. Locatelli  S. Bassis  S. Crosara  S. Paltrinieri  P. Scarpa  I. Spalla  AM. Zanaboni  C. Quintavalla  P. Brambilla 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(5):1612-1618

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Exposure as an Intervention to Address Human Fear of Bears     

Maria Johansson  Ole-Gunnar Støen  Anders Flykt 《Human Dimensions of Wildlife》2016,21(4):311-327

People who live in brown bear areas often fear encounters with these animals. This article evaluated the potential effect of exposure to bears and their habitats on human fear of brown bears using the modeling of appropriate behavior when close to bears. In a within-subject design, 25 persons who reported to be fearful of brown bears participated in a guided walk approaching approximately 50 m of a brown bear in its daybed and in a guided forest walk in bear habitat. The presentation order was reversed for half of the group. The participants reported significantly reduced feelings of fear after the bear walk, but not after the forest walk. There were no corresponding significant effects for the experimental measures of fear-related responses. The results partially support the notion that exposure to the object of fear, such as a bear habitat with presence of a bear, might be a feasible intervention to reduce peoples’ feeling of fear, but the design of the intervention must be developed further before it can be used in practice.  相似文献   

Factors affecting mechanical nociceptive thresholds in healthy sows          下载免费PDF全文

Elena Nalon  Dominiek Maes  Sofie Piepers  Polly Taylor  Miriam MJ van Riet  Geert PJ Janssens  Sam Millet  Frank AM Tuyttens 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(3):343-355

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Potential nitrite scavengers as inhibitors of the formation of N-nitrosamines in solution and tobacco matrix systems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rundlöf T  Olsson E  Wiernik A  Back S  Aune M  Johansson L  Wahlberg I 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(9):4381-4388

The ability of 20 compounds, all but one tobacco constituents, to inhibit the formation of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA) was investigated in buffer and detergent solution and in tobacco midrib and lamina systems. In solution at pH 5.5, ascorbic acid and the phenolic acids caffeic and ferulic acid were the most potent inhibitors of the reaction between nornicotine and nitrite, with nearly complete inhibition at molar ratios test compound/nitrite > 1:1. Also, cysteine > dihydrocaffeic acid > protocatechuic acid approximately catechin acted as strong inhibitors with >90% inhibition at a ratio of 3:1. Lower inhibitions were observed with chlorogenic acid > p-coumaric acid > sclareol > serine. Rutin showed an inhibition of 34% at a ratio of 0.1:1. Sclareol, alanine, proline, and serine did not significantly affect the N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) formation. alpha-Tocopherol and glutathione enhanced NNN formation at pH 5.5 but were inhibitors at pH 3. Cinnamic acid, vanillic acid, eugenol, and esculin enhanced NNN formation. Increased NNN formation was also observed for dihydrocaffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, and catechin at a less-than-equimolar ratio of test compound to nitrite. The tobacco matrix experiments were performed with air-cured, ground tobacco midrib and lamina. Caffeic acid, ferulic acid, dihydrocaffeic acid and catechin were potent inhibitors of the formation of TSNA in the midrib as well as in the lamina. Also protocatechuic acid, glutathione, ascorbic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and cysteine were inhibitors, while alpha-tocopherol and rutin inhibited the reaction in the midrib but not in the lamina. Cinnamic acid, vanillic acid, eugenol, alanine, proline and serine showed small effects only. The molar ratio of secondary alkaloid(s)/nitrite in the test systems were 0.1:1 (solution), approximately 0.25:1 (midrib), and approximately 1:1 (lamina) and is most likely the major contributor to the observed order of inhibition potency (solution > midrib > lamina) of the test compounds. The vicinal phenolic hydroxyl groups of polyphenols and the simultaneous presence of a phenol group and an olefinic bond in hydroxycinnamic acids were the most characteristic structural elements of the potent inhibitors.  相似文献