Isolation and characterization of aminopeptidase (Jc-peptidase) from Japanese cedar pollen (Cryptomeria japonica)     

Noguchi Y  Nagata H  Koganei H  Kodera Y  Hiroto M  Nishimura H  Inada Y  Matsushima A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(12):3540-3543

An aminopeptidase, Jc-peptidase, was purified from Japanese cedar pollen by seven steps, including precipitation with ammonium sulfate, ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, hydrophobic interaction chromatography on phenyl-agarose, and high-performance liquid chromatography. Purified Jc-peptidease has a molecular weight of 42 kDa and hydrolyzes the synthetic substrates of L-phenylalanyl-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (Phe-MCA) with Km = 5 x 10(-5) M, Tyr-MCA with Km = 7 x 10(-4) M, Leu-MCA with Km = 1 x 10(-3) M, and Met-MCA with Km = 1 x 10(-3) M. Other MCA analogues such as Arg-MCA or Glu-MCA failed to serve as its substrates. The activity was inhibited in the presence of phebestin, [(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl-L-valyl]-L-phenylalanine, with Ki = 4.7 x 10(-5) M, or bestatin, [(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl]-L-leucine, with Ki = 1.1 x 10(-4) M. According to amino acid sequence analysis, the N-terminal amino group seems to be blocked. The physiological function of the aminopeptidase (Jc-peptidase) has not been clarified in vivo.  相似文献   

Improvement of rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth in upland conditions with deep tillage and mulch   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yoichiro Kato  Akihiko Kamoshita  Jun Abe  Junko Yamagishi 《Soil & Tillage Research》2007,92(1-2):30-44

The productivity of upland rice in Japan as well as in the world is low and unstable owing to scarce and unpredictable rainfall. The objective of this study was to examine whether agronomic methods could enhance grain yield of upland rice. Four field experiments were conducted from 2001 to 2003 in Nishitokyo, Japan, under upland conditions with different water supplies, in order to quantify the effects of deep tillage combined with deep placement of manure (50-cm depth), straw mulch (6 t ha⁻¹), or their combinations on the growth and grain yield of rice. Mulch kept surface soil moisture higher than without mulch even at reproductive stage, and it increased yield to the greatest extent under the most favourable conditions with much rainfall before heading (i.e., 2003). Deep tillage with deep placement of manure induced deep root proliferation and higher nitrogen uptake, increasing biomass production, and panicle number, and consequently grain yield was enhanced under the two lowest yielding environments with less rainfall before heading. Rice plants with deep tillage with deep manure application without mulch tended to have lower leaf water potential and higher diffusion resistance during drought, and negative effects on grain filling and harvest index in some experiments compared with the control. When deep tillage with deep placement of manure was combined with mulching in two experiments in 2002 and 2003, grain yield always enhanced compared with the control (P < 0.10, 6.0 t ha⁻¹ versus 5.4 t ha⁻¹ on average), suggesting their synergetic mechanisms for yield increase and stabilization. The results showed that deep tillage or mulching can improve grain yield of rice under drought-prone rainfed upland conditions in a temperate climate on an Andosol, and their combination had more consistent and greater positive effects.  相似文献   

Effect of intermittent drainage in reduction of methane emission from paddy soils in Hokkaido,northern Japan     

Seiichi Nishimura  Kenji Kimiwada  Atsushi Yagioka  Satoshi Hayashi  Norikuni Oka 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2020,66(2):360-368

ABSTRACT

Emission of methane (CH₄), a major greenhouse gas, from submerged paddy soils is generally reduced by introducing intermittent drainage in summer, which is a common water management in Japan. However, such a practice is not widely conducted in Hokkaido, a northern region in Japan, to prevent a possible reduction in rice grain yield caused by cold weather. Therefore, the effects of intermittent drainage on CH₄ emission and rice grain yield have not been investigated comprehensively in Hokkaido. In this study, we conducted a three-year field experiment in Hokkaido and measured CH₄ and nitrous oxide (N₂O) fluxes and rice grain yield to elucidate whether the reduction in CH₄ emission can be achieved in Hokkaido as well as other regions in Japan. Four experimental treatments, namely, two soil types [soils of light clay (LiC) and heavy clay (HC) textures] and two water management [continuous flood irrigation (CF), and intermittent drainage (ID)], were used, and CH₄ and N₂O fluxes were measured throughout the rice cultivation periods from 2016 to 2018. Cumulative CH₄ emissions in 2016 were markedly low, suggesting an initially low population of methanogens in the soils presumably due to no soil submergence or crop cultivation in the preceding years, which indicates a possible reduction in CH₄ emission by introducing paddy-upland crop rotation. Cumulative CH₄ emissions in the ID-LiC and ID-HC plots were 21–91% lower than those in the CF-LiC and CF-HC plots, respectively, whereas the cumulative N₂O emissions did not significantly differ between the different water managements. The amount of CH₄ emission reduction by the intermittent drainage was largest in 2018, with a comparatively long period of the first drainage for 12 days in summer. Rice grain yields did not significantly differ between the different water managements for the entire 3 years, although the percentage of well-formed rice grains was reduced by the intermittent drainage in 2018. These results suggest that CH₄ emission from paddy fields can be reduced with no decrease in rice grain yield by the intermittent drainage in Hokkaido. In particular, the first drainage for a long period in summer is expected to reduce CH₄ emission markedly.  相似文献   

Results of hyperamplification of centrosomes in naturally developing tumors of dogs.     

A Setoguchi  M Okuda  E Nishida  M Yazawa  T Ishizaka  S H Hong  M Hisasue  R Nishimura  N Sasaki  Y Yoshikawa  K Masuda  K Ohno  H Tsujimoto 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(7):1134-1141

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate results of centrosome hyperamplification in naturally developing tumors of dogs. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tumor specimens from 9 dogs with tumors (rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, and mammary gland tumor) and 2 canine osteosarcoma cell lines. PROCEDURE: 3 antibodies for centrosome proteins (ie, anti-gamma-tubulin, anti-BRCA1, and anti-pericentrin) were used for immunohistochemical analysis. Double immunostaining for centrosomes was used to confirm the specificity of these antibodies for centrosomes. Mutational analysis of the canine p53 gene was carried out by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, and expression of canine MDM2 protein was evaluated by use of immunohistochemical analysis, using anti-MDM2 antibody. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis of dog osteosarcoma cell lines with apparent aneuploidy revealed frequent hyperamplification of centrosomes in the osteosarcoma cell lines. Similar hyperamplified centrosomes were detected in the tumor tissues from all of the 9 tumors. The frequency of cells with hyperamplified centrosomes (3 to 20/cell) in each tumor tissue ranged from 9.50 to 48.1%, whereas centrosome hyperamplification was not observed in normal lymph nodes from these dogs. In 8 of the 9 tumors, mutation of p53 gene or overexpression of MDM2, or both, was detected. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Various types of naturally developing tumors in dogs often have hyperamplification of centrosomes associated with chromosome instability. Hyperamplification of centrosomes is a novel tumor marker for use in cytologic and histologic examinations of clinical specimens obtained from dogs.  相似文献   

Structural proteins of equine infectious anemia virus and their antigenic activity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M Nishimura  H Nakajima 《American journal of veterinary research》1984,45(1):5-10

Using purified equine infectious anemia (EIA) virus labeled with 3H-glucosamine or 14C-protein hydrolysate, structural proteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. As a result, 2 glycoproteins and 10 proteins with molecular weights (mol wt) ranging from 12,000 to 115,000 daltons were demonstrated. Of 12 structural proteins, 3 proteins, namely a glycoprotein with mol wt of 76,000 (gp76) and 2 proteins with mol wt of 25,000 (p25) and 12,000 (p12), respectively, had distinct antigenic activity from one another in immunodiffusion. Development of antibodies against gp76 and p25 was compared in infected horses. The antibody to gp76 appeared earlier and stronger than to p25 in horses infected with the homologous virus strain. The fraction with glycoproteins was found to have hemagglutinating activity which was inhibited by the serum sample from horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus.  相似文献   

Characteristics of neuronal effects of DDT and dieldrin in mice     

Y Morio  T Imanishi  M Nishimura  O Yagasaki 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1987,49(6):1039-1044

  相似文献   

Detection of uremic peaks in dogs by anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography.     

M Kawamura  F Ohashi  F Murakami  N Takai  R Nishimura  N Sasaki  A Takeuchi 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1992,54(5):951-955

Sera of dogs with gentamicin-induced uremia were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography system with strongly basic macroreticular anion exchange resin. Satisfactory separation of peaks was achieved with good reproducibility after deproteinization of sera with trichloroacetic acid at a final concentration of 3%, confirming that the system was suitable for qualitative analysis of uremic serum. The chromatograms showed that the number of peaks and the peak area had relation to concentrations of serum urea nitrogen or creatinine and severity of uremia. Four peaks were selected as suspected canine uremic peaks with high correlation to serum creatinine concentrations which were hardly influenced by extrarenal factors. The results suggested that these four fractions might contain uremic toxins.  相似文献   

Insecticide screening with isolated nerve preparations for structure-activity relationships     

Kazu Takeno  Keiichiro Nishimura  James Parmentier  Toshio Narahashi 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1977,7(5):486-499

The sciatic nerve-sartorius muscle preparation from the frog, the nerve-muscle preparation from the crayfish, and the abdominal nerve cord preparation from the crayfish have been compared for their sensitivity to various insecticides. The crayfish nerve cord was the most sensitive to insecticides and had a broad spectrum of sensitivity. A method was developed with this preparation to compare a large number of synthetic pyrethroids for their potencies to stimulate and block the nerve which is the primary target site. Both stimulating and blocking actions on the nerve can be assessed with this preparation. Certain pyrethroids are active insecticidally despite their weak nerve action, whereas some other pyrethroids are relatively moderate in killing insects despite their potent nerve action. Thus the new method can be effectively used to establish the true structure-activity relationship of synthetic pyrethroids or any other insecticides acting directly on the nerve.  相似文献   

Interdigital involvement in a case of primary cutaneous canine histoplasmosis in Japan     

Nishifuji K  Ueda Y  Sano A  Kadoya M  Kamei K  Sekiguchi M  Nishimura K  Iwasaki T 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2005,52(9):478-480

A 5-year-old male Siberian husky bred outdoor in Tokyo had a swollen paw with interdigital granulomatous lesions in the left hindlimb. The dog had no apparent pulmonary or gastrointestinal involvement. Histopathological analysis of the skin lesions demonstrated yeast-like organisms predominantly within macrophages. Sequence analysis of fungal ribosome RNA gene isolated from a paraffin sample revealed a 100% homology with the teleomorph of Histoplasma capsulatum. The present case may support the concept of primary cutaneous canine histoplasmosis as an endemic phenotype recognized in Japan.  相似文献   

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against porcine interleukin-4   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ishikura Y  Kato H  Hashimoto T  Nishimura Y  Iwata H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(5):503-508

Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is an important regulatory cytokine produced by activated T lymphocytes and mast cells, and regulates the growth and differentiation of cells such as B and T lymphocytes. In the present study, recombinant thioredoxin (Trx)-porcine IL-4 (pIL-4) fusion protein was prepared by Escherichia coli (E. coli), and by using this protein as an immunogen, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against pIL-4 were produced to establish a basis for a research on immune responses in pigs. Six stable hybridoma cell lines were successfully established and specific binding of each mAb to recombinant pIL-4 produced by E. coli and insect cells infected with recombinant baculovirus was shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and/or immunoblot analysis. Isotype analyses of these mAbs revealed that the subclass of 5 out of 6 mAbs was IgG1 and the rest was IgG2b. Further, assessment of their epitopes by competition binding assay indicated that the mAbs obtained in this study bound to 4 different epitopes. The recombinant proteins and mAbs produced in this study will be useful tools for the assessment of porcine immune system.  相似文献