Cloacal papillomatosis in the absence of herpesvirus and papillomavirus in a sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita)     

BD Gartrell  KJ Morgan  L Howe  JS Munday  AMJ McFadden 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):241-243

CASE HISTORY A 21-year-old male sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) was presented following the sudden appearance of blood associated with the passage of faeces and urates.

CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: There was fresh blood-staining of the feathers around the vent. The dorsal mucosal wall of the proctodeum was erythematous and roughened in appearance. An endoscopic biopsy was performed, and histological examination revealed multiple fronds of epithelium; the mucosa varied from simple to pseudostratified columnar epithelium, with diffuse hyperplasia of goblet cells. The underlying connective tissue stroma was well vascularised and was infiltrated with mixed inflammatory cells, comprising granulocytic cells and macrophages. PCR testing for both herpesvirus and papillomavirus, using consensus primers, was negative.

DIAGNOSIS: Cloacal papillomatosis.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This case manifested typical clinical signs and histological lesions of cloacal papillomatosis in the absence of demonstrable herpesvirus or papillomavirus. Veterinarians need to consider this disease in the differential diagnosis of blood in the droppings of parrots and cockatoos even in countries where psittacine herpesviruses are exotic diseases.  相似文献   

Aspergillosis in a North Island robin (Petroica longipes)     

M Low  Å Berggren  KJ Morgan  MR Alley 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):462-464

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Acute phase response in mice experimentally infected with Trypanosoma congolense: a molecular gauge of parasite-host interaction     

Ngure RM  Eckersall PD  Jennings FW  Mburu J  Burke J  Mungatana N  Murray M 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,151(1):14-20

Mice infected with Trypanosoma congolense developed a severe anaemia 1 week after infection, which persisted till treatment with diminazine aceturate when the packed cell volume (PCV) recovered to pre-infection levels. This was accompanied by a marked increase in the plasma levels of the acute phase proteins (APP), serum amyloid P-component (SAP) and haptoglobin (Hp). The initial peak levels of Hp and SAP were attained 7 and 12 days post-infection (DPI), respectively. Thereafter SAP levels decreased significantly to near pre-infection levels, but later increased even after treatment to give a second peak 34 DPI after which there was a decline till the study was terminated. The Hp levels on the other hand decreased to an intermediate level after the initial peak increasing to a second peak 22 DPI. Thereafter Hp decreased significantly following diminazine aceturate treatment to reach pre-infection levels within 5 days post-treatment. This indicates that T. congolense-infected mice develop severe anaemia accompanied by an acute phase response leading to an increase in SAP and Hp but that following treatment divergent responses occurred indicating differences in the pathways for stimulation of the APP. Haptoglobin was shown to be an earlier indicator of infection and a better marker in monitoring the response to treatment.  相似文献   

Letter to the Editor: Bias in statistics or bias in equine veterinary medicine?     

A. L. Ziegler  C. A. Fogle  M. Burke  A. T. Blikslager 《Equine veterinary journal》2019,51(3):423-423

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Effect of pasture allowance and supplementation with maize silage and concentrates differing in crude protein concentration on milk production and nitrogen excretion by dairy cows   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

F. Burke  M.A. O''Donovan  J.J. Murphy  F.P. O''Mara  F.J. Mulligan 《Livestock Science》2008,114(2-3):325-335

Sixty cows (40 multiparous and 20 primiparous) averaging 140 days in milk (DIM) were assigned to five treatments to evaluate the effect of pasture allowance and supplements of a) maize silage b) high crude protein concentrate and, c) low crude protein concentrate on milk production and nitrogen (N) excretion. Two of the treatments (HG and LG) were offered herbage only (allowances of 20 and 15 kg dry matter (DM) per cow/day, respectively) while the remaining three treatments were offered a herbage allowance of 15 kg DM per cow/day plus 4 kg DM per cow/day of maize silage (M), a high CP concentrate (CP concentration of 194 g/kg DM) (HC), or citrus pulp (CP concentration of 69 g/kg DM) (LC). Total DM intake (DMI) was similar for HG, M, HC, and LC but was lower for LG (15.2 kg DM per cow/day) than HC (17.4 kg DM per cow/day). The reduction in pasture DMI per kg of supplement DM ingested was 0.44, 0.45, and 0.54 kg for cows offered maize silage, high CP concentrate, and low CP concentrate, respectively. Milk yield was greater for the supplemented treatments (23.7–24.7 kg/day) than for LG (20.7 kg/day) but not for HG (23.2 kg/day). Milk fat concentration was greater for HC (35.3 g/kg) than for HG, M, and LC but not greater than LG, while milk protein concentration was greater for HG (34.8 g/kg) than for LG and HC but not greater than M and LC. The greatest levels of N and PDIN intake were recorded for HG (662 and 2502 g/day) and HC (654 and 2506 g/day) which were greater than LC but not greater than LG and M. Treatment HC recorded the highest PDIE intake (1743 g/day) which was greater than LG, M and LC but not greater than HG. Output of N in milk was greater on HC (134 g/day) than on LG but was not greater than on HG, M, and LC. Faecal N excretion was greater on HG (171 g/day) than on all other treatments while estimated urinary N excretion was greater on HG and HC than LC (320 g/day). Treatment LC had a higher proportion of N output in milk (0.23) than treatment LG but not higher than HG, M and HC treatments. Urinary N expressed as a proportion of total N excretion was lower for HG (0.68) than all other treatments. The results of this study show that there is a large response in milk production to supplementing cows on a restricted grass allowance and that cows offered low CP supplements had similar levels of production to those offered high CP supplements. Nitrogen utilisation was improved by offering supplements of lower CP content.  相似文献   

Control of gastrointestinal nematodes with copper oxide wire particles in a flock of lactating Polypay ewes and offspring in Iowa, USA     

Burke JM  Morrical D  Miller JE 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,146(3-4):372-375

Copper oxide wire particles (COWP) have been used to reduce infection of Haemonchus contortus in hair breed lambs in southeastern USA without signs of copper toxicity. However, copper sensitivity among breeds and regions varies. The objective was to determine the effectiveness and safety of COWP in lactating Polypay ewes and their offspring grazing alfalfa/bluegrass pasture in a rotational grazing system. Mature Polypay ewes were administered 0, 0.5, 1, or 2 g (n=8 or 9/dose) COWP approximately 60 days after lambing in mid-July 2005. Their offspring were administered 0 (n=6), 0.5 or 0.75 g (n=9), 1 or 2 g (n=6) COWP 2 weeks later in late July. The primary gastrointestinal nematode was H. contortus (70%). Between Days 7 and 35, FEC were greater in 0 and 0.5 g COWP groups compared with ewes administered 2 g COWP (COWP x day, P<0.004). PCV decreased in all groups of ewes between Days 0 and 21 (day, P<0.001). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, a measure of liver copper levels, and body weight was similar among groups of ewes. FEC decreased within 7 days in COWP-treated compared with untreated lambs and remained low throughout experiment (COWP x day, P<0.05). PCV increased in COWP-treated lambs between Days 7 and 35 and decreased in untreated lambs between Days 0 and 21 (COWP x day, P<0.009). AST activity was similar among groups of lambs. Administration of 2 g COWP to ewes prevented a rise in FEC, but a dose of 0.5 g was ineffective as an anthelmintic. Administration of all doses of COWP to lambs decreased FEC and increased PCV compared to untreated lambs. There were no signs of copper toxicity in ewes or lambs. Alternative suppression of H. contortus infections may be necessary in ewes, but COWP was effective in H. contortus management for lambs.  相似文献   

Photosynthetic responses in spring wheat grown under elevated CO₂ concentrations and stress conditions in the European, multiple-site experiment ‘ESPACE-wheat’     

R. A. C. Mitchell  C. R. Black  S. Burkart  J. I. Burke  A. Donnelly  L. de Temmmerman  A. Fangmeier  B. J. Mulholland  J. C. Theobald  M. van Oijen 《European Journal of Agronomy》1999,10(3-4):205-214

Spring wheat cv. Minaret crop stands were grown under ambient and elevated CO₂ concentrations at seven sites in Germany, Ireland, the UK, Belgium and the Netherlands. Six of the sites used open-top chambers and one used a controlled environment mimicking field conditions. The effect of elevated CO₂ for a range of N application regimes, O₃ concentrations, and growth temperatures on flag leaf photosynthesis was studied. Before anthesis, flag leaf photosynthesis was stimulated about 50% by 650 compared with 350 μmol mol⁻¹ CO₂ at all sites, regardless of other treatments. Furthermore, there was no evidence of a decrease in photosynthetic capacity of flag leaves due to growth at elevated CO₂ before anthesis, even for low N treatments. However, photosynthetic capacity, particularly carboxylation capacity, of flag leaves was usually decreased by growth at elevated CO₂ after anthesis, especially in low N treatments. Acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated CO₂ therefore appears to occur only slowly, consistent with a response to changes in sink–source relationships, rather than a direct response. Effect of elevated CO₂ on stomatal conductance was much more variable between sites and treatments, but on average was decreased by ˜10% at 650 compared with 350 μmol mol⁻¹ CO₂. Carboxylation capacity of flag leaves was decreased by growth at elevated O₃ both before and after anthesis, regardless of CO₂ concentration.  相似文献   

Femtosecond dynamics of electron localization at interfaces     

N Ge  CM Wong  RL Lingle  JD McNeill  KJ Gaffney  CB Harris 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5348):202-205

The dynamics of two-dimensional small-polaron formation at ultrathin alkane layers on a silver(111) surface have been studied with femtosecond time- and angle-resolved two-photon photoemission spectroscopy. Optical excitation creates interfacial electrons in quasi-free states for motion parallel to the interface. These initially delocalized electrons self-trap as small polarons in a localized state within a few hundred femtoseconds. The localized electrons then decay back to the metal within picoseconds by tunneling through the adlayer potential barrier. The energy dependence of the self-trapping rate has been measured and modeled with a theory analogous to electron transfer theory. This analysis determines the inter- and intramolecular vibrational modes of the overlayer responsible for self-trapping as well as the relaxation energy of the overlayer molecular lattice. These results for a model interface contribute to the fundamental picture of electron behavior in weakly bonded solids and can lead to better understanding of carrier dynamics in many different systems, including organic light-emitting diodes.  相似文献   

Uterine adenomyosis in an orang-utan (Pongo abelii/pygmaeus)     

KJ Graham  FA Hulst  L Vogelnest  IS Fraser  CM Shilton 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(1-2):66-69

A 48-year-old, multiparous, female hybrid orang-utan ( Pongo abelii/pygmaeus ) was investigated after a 3-year history of irregular and excessively heavy menstrual bleeding. Opportunistic pelvic examinations over a 2.5-year period were non-diagnostic. Medical therapy was not effective. A subtotal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-ovariectomy was performed. A pedunculated mass spanning 90% of the uterine lumen was seen grossly, and histopathology confirmed uterine adenomyosis. Adenomyosis is defined as the ectopic occurrence or diffuse implantation of endometrial tissue, including glands and stroma, into the myometrium. It is common in older, usually premenopausal, multiparous women and is frequently associated with other uterine pathology, including endometrial hyperplasia and leiomyomas. The most common clinical signs are dysmenorrhoea and heavy menstrual bleeding; however, up to 35% of women are asymptomatic. Diagnosis is difficult and requires myometrial sampling and an experienced pathologist. A hysterectomy in this case was diagnostic and curative. There have been few reports of uterine adenomyosis in non-human primates and none reported in an orang-utan. Uterine adenomyosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis in any multiparous, aged, non-human female primate with irregular and excessively heavy menstrual bleeding, and hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-ovariectomy is recommended as a diagnostic and therapeutic solution.  相似文献   

Equine fluid therapy. CL Langdon and KG Magdesian (editors). John Wiley & Sons,USA, 2015. 370 pages. Price A$178.95. ISBN 9780470961384.          下载免费PDF全文

KJ Hughes 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(12):461-461

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