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The foaming properties of gluten and acetylated gluten were studied at various concentration values (1%, 5%, 10% and 20%). Acetylated gluten was prepared by acetylation of gluten with acetic anhydride in presence of sodium hydroxide as catalyst. The foaming properties were characterised by measuring foam stability and drainage. It was found that foam made from acetylated gluten is more abundant and stable than the foam made from gluten studied in the whole range of concentration, i.e. 1–20%. 相似文献
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B. Dolka R. Włodarczyk A. Żbikowski I. Dolka P. Szeleszczuk W. Kluciński 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(2):93-100
The knowledge of the correct morphological and biochemical parameters in mute swans is an important indicator of their health status, body condition, adaptation to habitat and useful diagnostic tools in veterinary practice and ecological research. The aim of the study was to obtain hematological parameters in relation to age, sex and serum biochemistry values in wild-living mute swans. We found the significant differences in the erythrocyte count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in relation to age of mute swans. There were no differences in hematological values between males and females. The leukogram and H/L ratio did not vary by age and sex in swans. Among of biochemical parameters the slightly increased AST, ALP, CK, K, urea, decreased CHOL and TG values were recorded. As far as we know, this is the first study in which the morphometric parameters of blood cells in mute swans were presented. We found extremely low concentration of lead in blood (at subtreshold level). No blood parasites were found in blood smears. The analysis of body mass and biometric parameters revealed a significant differences dependent on age and sex. No differences in the scaled mass index were found. Our results represent a normal hematologic and blood chemistry values and age-sex related changes, as reference values for the mute swan. 相似文献
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Monika Krzewska Ilona Czyczyło-Mysza Ewa Dubas Gabriela Gołębiowska-Pikania Iwona Żur 《Euphytica》2015,206(1):263-278
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Karol Trejchel Daniel Żarski Katarzyna Palińska-Żarska Sławomir Krejszeff Bartłomiej Dryl Krzysztof Dakowski Dariusz Kucharczyk 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(1):195-203
The aim of the study was to optimize burbot juveniles rearing in recirculating aquaculture system. In experiment 1 (17 °C, photoperiod 24L:0D), the fish (initial: body weight [W] = 15.36 ± 3.72 g, standard length [SL] = 12.48 ± 1.09 cm) were divided into four groups (I, II, III and IV). Different feeding levels were applied: 1, 2, 3 and 4 % of biomass daily (counted based on dry feed weight). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded. In experiment 2 (17 °C, feeding level of 2 % of biomass day?1), fish (W = 5.24 ± 2.43 g and SL = 8.54 ± 1.24 cm) were divided into two groups where different light conditions were applied (I: 24 h light [1,800 lx] and II: 24 h darkness [4 lx]). In experiment 1, the highest SGR was recorded in group II (1.93 % day?1), whereas the lowest SGR (1.27 % day?1) and final W (P < 0.05) was in I group. The lowest (P < 0.05) FCR (0.63) was in group II. In the remaining groups, FCR was similar (0.68–0.70, P > 0.05). The feed consumption in group I reached 100 %, in group II, it was 71.3 % (P < 0.05) and it was the lowest in groups III (39.26 %) and IV (36.93 %). In experiment 2 no differences in the growth and survival rate were recorded (final SL between 14.16 and 14.19 cm, P > 0.05; W between 23.33–23.35 g; P > 0.05). The results from experiment 1 indicate that the feeding 2 % of biomass day?1 was the most efficient. Also, it was proven, for the first time, that there was no effect of using different constant light conditions. 相似文献